两种穿支血管的定位方法

目的 为常见穿支的定位与皮瓣设计提供形态学依据。方法 选用新鲜成人整尸标本2具，采用氧化铋-聚乙烯醇填充剂灌注技术，行一次
性全身动脉造影，螺旋CT扫描。将数据导入Mimics图像工作站，以常见穿支皮瓣为例，分别应用快速直接体绘制(VR）和动态重建方法（DR），
对穿支血管定位并模拟皮瓣设计。结果 两种方法均能够对常见穿支皮瓣的穿支血管定位。快速体绘制对穿支血管定位较快，但显示层次毗邻效果
不好；调节阈值动态重建方法不仅可对穿支进行定位与皮瓣设计，而且显示层次清楚。结论 应用快速直接体绘制方法可快速、粗略地显示出各
部位主要穿支的位置与源动脉；采用改变CT值的动态重建方法可以多彩色形式显示多种结构的层次与毗邻关系；两种方法结合可对穿支进行精
确定位，模拟皮瓣设计，为皮瓣的安全切取提供形态学依据。

Two techniques to locate the dominant perforator vessels

Objective To provide morphology data that enable to locate perforator vessels and flap design. Methods Two fresh
unfixed corpses underwent whole body bismuth oxide and polyvinyl alcohol injection, and then scanned by spiral CT. The CT data
was imported into the Mimics imagine workstation to locate the dominant perforator and flap design by volume rendering and
dynamic reconstruction. Results Two methods were able to locate the perforator. Rapid direct volume rendering on perforator
vessel locating was rapider, but it was not good to show adjacent structures. The dynamic reconstruction method was used for
perforator locating and flap design, and also showed adjacent layers clearly with threshold adjustments. Conclusion Rapid direct
volume rendering is a quick and simple way to show the locating of the perforating branches of the source artery in various
parts. Dynamic reconstruction method is able to display the adjacent structures with multi colored forms.The best way to locating
perforators is combining these two methods. The results provide the morphological basis for designing and simulating the flap.