尼泊尔留学生第二语言阅读功能磁共振研究

目的利用功能核磁共振成像（fMRI）探讨以英文和中文为第二语言的尼泊尔人，对英文和中文进行阅读联想时，大脑激活区域的差异。方法采用血氧水平依赖法（BOLD）组块设计，考查12名健康三语尼泊尔人，接受英文单词和中文单词任务视觉刺激时，相关脑区激活特点，并分析其差异。结果中文任务主要激活了双侧额上回，额中回，中央前回，顶上小叶，颞上回，颞中回及枕叶；英文任务主要激活’了左侧额上回，中央前回，顶上小叶，颞上回，颞下回，小脑及枕叶。汉语任务独特激活基底节区（如丘脑、尾状核）和边缘系统（如海马，海马旁回、扣带回、杏仁核）。在造句任务时，双侧颞上回（以右侧为主）有明-显（汉语，左侧1／12，右侧11／12，英文，左侧3／12，右侧9／12）激活。结论不同的第二外语，激活区域不同。汉语作为一种表意文字，其有别于英语等拼音文字的复杂空间二维结构，更容易产生注意力和情感反应。颞上、中回可能参与词汇的造句过程。

Functional magnetic resonance image study on the brain areas involved in reading two different second language in Nepalese

ObjectiveTo explore the different brain areas activated by Chinese and English word tasks, in Nepalese, during the functional magnetic resonance image(fMRI) process. MethodsTo determine the neuroanatomic functional brain areas responsible for Chinese and English reading, blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) block design by 1. 5T MRI was performed in 12 healthy volunteer Nepalese. ResultsThe fMRI studies demonstrated some different cortical areas that was associated with Chinese and English as second languages of Nepalese. For Chinese, the activated areas included bilateral motor area, subfrontal gyri, supratemporal gyri, superior parietal lobule and occipital lobe. During English reading,the activated areas were left motor area ,left subfrontal gyrus , left supra temporal gyrus , left insula and bilateral cerebellum. ConclusionChinese task was more closely associated with both cerebral hemisphere while English task was left cerebral hemisphere dominant. Chinese, as a kind of ideogram, which had complicated two-dimensional structure, was more associated with attention and emotion. Superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus may be involved in the sentence-forming process.