围孕期妇女叶酸水平及其季节变化特征

摘要:目的　描述新婚育龄妇女叶酸水平的人口分布及季节分布特征，为进一步指导增补叶酸提供科学依据。方法　利用婚前医学检查项目，收集合肥地区3个县城（肥东、肥西、长丰）2 040名新婚育龄妇女血标本，其中孕妇731人，非孕妇1 309人；调查研究基本人口统计特征资料。结果　孕妇组叶酸水平（555.84±218.885）nmol/L高于非孕妇组（502.54±187.22）nmol/L，差异有统计学意义（t＝-8.460，P＜0.001）。在孕妇人群中不同季节、不同年龄段叶酸水平差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。在非孕妇人群中不同地区、受教育程度、年龄段、季节的叶酸水平差异均有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。结论　妇与非孕妇红细胞内叶酸水平存在差异；应根据季节给与孕妇补充不同水平叶酸；加强不同人口特征孕妇和非孕妇叶酸相关知识的健康教育。

Blood folic acid concentration and seasonal variations among progestational and pregnant women

Abstract: Objective To understand folic acid status and its seasonal trend among progestational and pregnant women, so as to provide evidence for further folic acid intervention. Methods A total of 2040 women were recruited when they received pre-marital medical examination in three counties (Feidong, fertilizer West, Changfeng) in Hefei Province, of which 731 pregnant women, 1309 non-pregnant women. We collected blood samples and basic demographic information of those samples. Results The average level of folic acid for pregnant women (555.84±218.885nmol/L) was higher than that of non-pregnant women (502.54±187.22nmol/L) (t=-8.460, P<0.001). For the pregnant women, the level of folic acid was significantly different between different seasons and different ages (P <0.05). For the non-pregnant population, the level of folic acid was significantly different between different regions, different levels of education, different ages and different seasons (P<0.05). Conclusion Folic acid levels for pregnant and non-pregnant women are different. We should make different levels of folic acid supplementation scheme in pregnant women according to the season. It is important to enhance different health education of folic acid knowledge among pregnant women and non-pregnant women, depending on the demographic characteristics.