主体建模方法介绍及其在医学应用的实例

目的 阐述主体建模（agent-based model，ABM）的基本思想，促进其在医学研究中的应用。方法 介绍主体建模方法的基本概念、建模步骤和计算机实现方法，并通过一个流感（流行性感冒）疫情控制案例介绍其在医学研究中的应用。结果 通过模型发现三种间断型延长周末休息时间干预措施能有效缓解季节性流感暴发疫情，且同样休息天数的连续型方案效果更好。结论 主体建模为解决复杂医学问题提供了新的思路，可作为传统建模方法的有益补充。

Introduction of agent-based model and an example in medical application

Objective To elaborate the basic theory of agent-based model (ABM), and to promote the application in medical research. Methods We briefly introduced basic concept, implementation step, and software operation of ABM in this review. At the same time, an example related to seasonal influenza epidemic control was used to demonstrate the application of agent-based model in medicine. Results The discontinuous weekend-extension strategies can reduce the overall disease attack rate of seasonal flu. Particularly, continuous extension adequately reduce the epidemic and control the spread of disease. Conclusions ABM provides a new option to solve complex medical problems, and can be used as a complement to the traditional modeling methods.