河南省乙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的为了解河南省乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)流行现状,评价实施乙肝疫苗免疫10年后,人群乙肝病毒(HBV)感染的血清流行病学变动趋势,确定全省乙肝的综合预防控制策略。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对全省14个县1～85岁人群共5 081人进行了乙肝血清流行病学调查,并用放射免疫(RIA)法检测了乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)。结果河南省调查人群HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别是5.17%、52.66%、21.40%,1～14岁人群HBsAg阳性率3.4%。与1992年病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查结果相比,全人群HBsAg携带率下降53.42%,1～14岁人群HBsAg携带率下降62.7%。结论接种乙肝疫苗是控制人群HBV感染的有效措施,能明显提高抗-HBs阳性率,降低HBsAg携带率,提高人群对HBV的免疫保护能力。

Survey on Serological Epidemiology on Hepatitis B in Henan Province

Objective To collect the data of Hepatitis B infectious rate in the population in Henan,evaluate the Hepatitis B vaccine effect after Hepatitis B vaccine involved in EPI for 10 years in order to work out strategy of Hepatitis B prevention and control.A multistage cluster-randomized sampling was designed to survey 5081 people over 1 year in 14 counties in the Province.The HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected in RIA,and the results were compared with the data collected in 1992.Results The positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc in the survey population is 5.10%,51.82%,22.53%,HBsAg positive rete drop 54.05% and 62.7% in total people and 1-15 y age group compared with the data in 1992.Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine immunization is an effective method to control HBV infection it,increases the positive of anti-HBs and declined the level of HBsAg considerably,and suggest that the impacts of Hepatitis B are prominent in Henan Province since Hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced into Expanded Program on Immunization(EPI) since 1992.