山豆根对小鼠急性肝毒性及其病理形态学研究

目的 :研究山豆根致小鼠急性肝毒性的时效量效关系及病理形态学变化。 方法 :小鼠口服山豆根水煎液,常规观察14 d,测定其LD₅₀。另取小鼠按不同时间点、不同剂量分组,计算肝脏指数及光镜下观察肝组织病理学变化。 结果 : 采用Bliss法测得2个批号山豆根的LD₅₀为A(批号081012)31.935 g·kg^-1,95%可信限为30.509~33.506 g·kg^-1;B(批号0904295)LD₅₀为16.39 g·kg^-1,95%可信限为14.426~18.38 g·kg^-1。肝毒性时效关系显示:与正常组相比,口服山豆根水煎液A 30 g·kg^-1,B 12.4 g·kg^-1,给药6 h后肝脏均明显肿大,肝指数显著升高(P＜0.01),肝组织损伤在24 h最严重。量效关系显示:与正常组相比,口服山豆根水煎液A 16.4,10,3.2 g·kg^-1, B 12.4,10.8,10,9.2,8,7.2 g·kg^-1,肝脏指数显著性升高(P＜0.01);随剂量的增大,肝组织病理损伤程度均增加。 结论 : 小鼠一次性口服大剂量山豆根水煎液可造成急性肝损伤,并显示一定的毒性时-效、量-效关系。

Study on the Hepatotoxicity and Pathological Change Induced by Radix et Rhizoma Sophorae Tonkinensis in Mice

Objective: To study the dose and time dependent hepatotoxicity and pathological change induced by Radix et Rhizoma Sophorae Tonkinensis (RRST) in mice. Method: After 14 days observation, the medial lethal dose (LD₅₀) of RRST decoction with oral administration in mice was calculated. In addition, the liver weight/body weight index was measured, and pathological change of liver under microscope was observed. Result: The LD₅₀ value of RRST of batch A (No. 081012) was 31.935 g (crude drug) /kg, with the 95% confidence level between 30.509~33.506 g (crude drug)·kg^-1;that of batch B (No. 0904295) was 16.39 g (crude drug)·kg^-1, with the 95% confidence level between 14.426~18.38 g (crude drug)·kg^-1. The time dependent study indicated that the enlargement of the liver and the liver weight/body weight indexes of the mice 6 hour after oral administration with decoction A at the dosage of 30g (crude drug)·kg^-1, or decoction B at the dosage of 12.4 g (crude drug)·kg^-1, were obviously increased when compared with that of the normal control mice. The hepatic damage was most serious in 24 hours. The dose dependent study indicated that oral administration with decoction A at the dosage of 16.4, 10, 3.2, and decoction B at the dosage of 12.4, 10.8, 10, 9.2, 8, 7.2 g (crude drug) /kg caused increase of liver weight/body weight indexes, and dose dependent damage of the liver tissue. Conclusion: One-time oral administration with large dose of decoction of RRST may induce acute hepatotoxicity and even death in mice in a time and dose dependent manner.