2005—2010年深圳市福田区狂犬病暴露人群监测分析

目的了解深圳市福田区狂犬病暴露情况,为防治狂犬病提供科学的依据。方法对2005—2010年狂犬病暴露病例进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2005—2010年该区狂犬病暴露人数逐年递增,年平均暴露率为773.28/10万;伤人动物主要是宠物犬,夏秋季为致伤高峰;暴露者主要是青壮年,以四肢伤为主(92.78%),女性略多于男性(1∶1.08);患者大部分及时规范地进行了伤口处理(86.6%)并接种了狂犬疫苗,但Ⅲ级暴露者中仅有极少数人(3.11%)联合使用了狂犬病免疫球蛋白。结论该区应加强动物狂犬病的防治工作。落实人间狂犬病的防控措施,对狂犬病暴露人群及时、规范进行处置,加大防治知识的宣传力度等是防制狂犬病最有效的措施。

Monitoring and analysis of people exposed to rabies in Futian district of Shenzhen city 2005-2010

Objective]To understand the status of rabies exposures in Futian district of Shenzhen city,provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of rabies.Methods]The epidemiological characteristics of the rabies exposures during 2005-2010 were analyzed.Results]During 2005-2010,the number of people exposed to rabies increased year by year,and the average annual exposure rate was 773.28/lakh.Most of exposed people were bitten by pet dogs in summer and autumn,and a majority of them were young adults.92.78% of cases were bitten or scratched on arms or legs,and female cases were more than males(1∶1.08).Most cases(86.6%) have received the prompt and standard wound treatment and immediate vaccination.However,very few people with grade Ⅲ exposure(3.11%) were given immunoglobulin combined with vaccination.Conclusion]The prevention and control of rabies in animals should be strengthened in this district.The most effective strategies to prevent and control rabies include: to carry out the prompt and standard treatment in people exposed to rabies,improve the propaganda of rabies prevention and control.