安康市汉阴县乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原及抗体监测分析

目的了解安康市汉阴县人群乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率和乙肝病毒感染率,评价1992年乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫管理和2002年将乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫及GAVI项目实施的效果。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,在全县抽取1～59岁人群306人,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法测定血清HBsAg、抗-HBs、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)。结果安康市汉阴县1～59岁人群HBsAg阳性率为4.9%,抗-HBs阳性率为57.2%,抗-HBc阳性率为32.7%,HBV感染率为50.7%。免疫组HBV感染率显著低于未免疫组和免疫史不详组,抗-HBs阳性率显著高于未免疫组和免疫史不详组。HBV感染率15～59岁组明显高于其他年龄组,5～14岁组高于1～4岁组。结论接种乙肝疫苗可有效降低乙肝感染率,应采取综合措施防控乙肝发病。

Monitoring and analysis on hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody in Hanyin County of Ankang City

Objective To understand the carrying rate of HbsAg and infection rate of hepatitis B virus in Hanyin County of Ankang City,and evaluate the implementation effect of two programs,namely,hepatitis B vaccine wae brought into planned child immunization management in 1992 and hepatitis B vaccine was brought into planned child immunization and GAVI program in 2002.Method Select 306 people from the age of 1 to 59 through the method of multi-stage random sampling to determine the content of HBsAg,anti-HBs and hepatitis B virus core antibody(anti-HBe) in serum by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The positive rate of HBsAg from the ages of 1 to 59 in Hanyin County was 4.9%,positive rate of anti-HBs was 57.2%,positive rate of anti-HBc was 32.7%,and HBV infection rate was 50.7%.HBV infection rate of immunization group was significantly lower than those of non-immunization group and group with unknown immunization history,but the positive rate of anti-HBs was significantly higher than those two groups.HBV infection rate of people from the ages of 15 to 59 was significantly higher than that of other groups,and people from the ages of 5 to 14 was higher than those of 1 to 4.Conclusions The vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine could effectively reduce the infection rate of hepatitis B,and we should take comprehensive measures to prevent and control hepatitis B.