山豆根抗肿瘤活性成分及其作用机制研究进展

山豆根Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma来源于豆科植物越南槐的干燥根和根茎，具有清热解毒、消肿利咽之功效，其化学成分复杂，药理活性多样。现代研究证明，山豆根中生物碱类、黄酮类、苯并呋喃类、三萜类、多糖类等化合物能抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、黏附、侵袭和转移，诱导细胞凋亡和自噬，抑制肿瘤血管生成，阻滞细胞周期和信号转导，还可通过提高机体免疫功能，抑制肿瘤的发生发展，对不同类型的恶性肿瘤均有良好的拮抗作用，具有多成分、多靶点、多通路的特点。通过对山豆根抗肿瘤活性成分及其作用机制进行综述，为山豆根抗肿瘤的深入研究和新药开发提供参考依据。

Research progress on antitumor bioactive compounds and mechanisms of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma

Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma) is derived from the dried roots and rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis, which is traditionally used for clearing heat and removing toxin, reducing swelling and relieving sore throat. It contains complex chemical components and diverse pharmacological activities. Modern studies have shown that alkaloids, flavonoids, benzofuran, triterpenoids, polysaccharides and other compounds in Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma can inhibit the proliferation, adhesion, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, induce apoptosis and autophagy, inhibit angiogenesis, block cell cycle and signal transduction, and also inhibit the occurrence and development of cancers by enhancing the organism immunity. It has a good antagonistic effect on various types of malignant tumors and has the properties of multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways. This study focuses on summarizing the antitumor bioactive compounds and mechanisms of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma, in order to provide reference evidences for the in-depth antitumor research and new drugs development.