中山市179家企业职业危害因素现状调查

目的了解中山市职业危害因素分布与职业危害现状，明确职业卫生工作重点，以促进该市职业病防治工作全面开展。方法使用中国安全生产科学研究院设计的《作业场所职业危害抽样调查表》，对中山市179家企业进行调查。结果179家工业企业共有职工117998人，其中接触职业危害因素的职工有18613人，占15．77％；对存在职业危害因素的作业场所进行了监测，职业危害因素实际检测作业点数1699个，合格作业点数1305个，作业点监测合格率为76．81％，主要职业危害因素为有机溶剂（苯系物居多）、噪声、粉尘；监测合格率以有机溶剂最高，为89．02％，噪声合格率最低，为39．49％；开展职业危害因素监测较好的镇区主要在火炬开发区、三乡镇等地区。电镀行业监测率较低，为5．88％。结论中山市的职业危害因素以有机溶剂、噪声和粉尘为主，应加强对电镀行业职业危害监测方面的职业卫生监管工作。

Investigation on Occupational Hazards of 179 Enterprises in Zhongshan City

Objective To learn the occupational hazards existed in enterprises in Zhongshan City and determine the most important work in the occupational health management to control such hazards. Methods 179 enterprises in Zhongshan City were surveyed with questionnaire designed by the Chinese Academy of Safety Production. The occupational hazards and number of exposed workers were investigated. Results Totally 117 998 workers were employed in these 179 industrial enterprises. Among theml8 613 employees exposed to occupational hazards. The main occupational hazards included organic solvents, noise, dusts and others. The level of occupational hazards at 1699 work sites was measured and the compliance rate was 76.81 %（1305 work sites）. The compliance rate of organic solvents level was 89.02%, while the compliance rate of dust level was 39.49%. The environmental monitoring works were implemented relative well in the enterprises located in the Torch Economic Developmental Zone and the towns with advanced economic condition, while the situation in plating industries was very awful, only one enterprise has done monitoring work among 17 enterprises. Conclusion The common occupational hazards were solvents, dusts and noise existed in the enterprises in Zhongshan City. Occupational health work should be emphasized to protect worker＇s health.