英国、新加坡和中国香港全民医保的运行及启示

作为医疗保障制度较为健全的国家和地区,英国、新加坡和中国香港三地的全民医疗保障体系经常成为学术界的研究对象。英国是全民免费医疗的典范,新加坡是政府主导的混合型医疗保障模式的代表,香港则凭借着质优价廉的公立医院服务享誉全球。本文将从卫生筹资的公平性、个人的可负担能力、医疗保障的覆盖模式、卫生筹资的可持续性以及个人责任的承担这五个核心维度来评估三地医疗保障系统的优越性和局限性,以期为我国新时期医疗改革的深化提供借鉴与参考。

The operation and implication of universal health insurance in the United Kingdom, Singapore and Hong Kong

As the excellent country or region refers to medical insurance system, the United Kingdom, Singapore and Hong Kong are often the focus of international academic circles. However, the difference is that the United Kingdom is a model of free universal medical care, Singapore is a government-led mixed medical protection mode, and Hong Kong earns a worldwide reputation on health care by virtue of the high quality, low price public hospital services. This article assesses the advantages and limitations of the three medical insurance systems in terms of equity in financing, individual affordability, insurance coverage, sustainability in financing and individual responsibility, and provides a reference for health care reform in China.