广东紫珠正丁醇部位化学成分分析

目的:研究广东紫珠的化学成分。方法:利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、MPLC等色谱方法进行化合物的分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质、波谱分析方法进行结构鉴定。结果:从广东紫珠正丁醇部位分离得到8个单体化合物,分别为6'-β-D-apiofuranosyl cistanoside C(1),acetyl forsythoside B(2),2'-乙酰基毛蕊花糖苷(3),毛蕊花糖苷(4),异毛蕊花糖苷(5),连翘酯苷B(6),金石蚕苷(7),arjunglucosideⅡ(8)。结论:化合物1~3,5,8均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Vitex negundo

The article aims to review all the chemical constituents and pharmacological properties of Vitex negundo L. (Verbenaceae) (VN). VN is an important medicinal plant used as reputed herbal medicine with versatile pharmacological activities in China, India and Japan. A total of 104 referred articles about VN were compiled from major databases and academic publishers, such as MEDLINE, Pubmed, Scholar, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley and CNKI. As a result, a total of 120 compounds isolated from VN can be divided mainly into four classes: flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids and steroids. The crude extracts and purified compounds of VN exhibited promising bioactivities, including anti‐nociceptive, antiinflammatory, anti‐tumor, anti‐oxidant, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anti‐androgenic, anti‐osteoporotic, anti‐cataract, hepatoprotective and anti‐hyperglycemic activity. All the reported data lead us to conclude that VN has convincing medicinal potential. However, further researches are needed to explore its bioactive constituents, the structure–activity relationship and their molecular mechanisms of action. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Two new lignan glucosides from the fruit of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vitex cannabifolia</Emphasis>

Two new phenyldihydronaphthalene-type lignan glucosides, vitecannasides A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the fruit of Vitex cannabifolia Sieb. et. Zucc. (Verbenaceae) along with the six known lignan derivatives (3–8), four known iridoid glucosides (9–12), three known flavonoids (13–15), and one known phenylbutanone glucoside (16). Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data as well as chemical evidence. The scavenging effect of 1, 2, and 11–16 on the stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl was examined. Compounds 1, 2, 14, and 15 exhibited stronger activity than that of l-cysteine. Especially, 14 and 15 showed more potent activity than that of α-tocopherol.     

Rearranged abietane diterpenoids from Clerodendrum mandarinorum

Five new abietane derivatives which have a commonly rearranged abietane skeleton contained a 17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abietane framework, mandarones D-H, were isolated from the stem of Clerodendrum mandarinorum Diels (Verbenaceae). The structures were characterized as (16S)-12,16-epoxy-11-hydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13-pentaene-7-one (mandarone D, 1), 12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-7-one (mandarone E, 2), 12,16-epoxy-6,11,14-trihydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-7-one (mandarone F, 3), 12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-2,7-dione (mandarone G, 4) and 12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-1,7-dione (mandarone H, 5) respectively, mainly based on the spectral analysis and by comparison with those of closely related compounds.     

A new phenylethanoid glycoside from the fruits of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Callicarpa japonica</Emphasis> Thunb. var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">luxurians</Emphasis> Rehd.

A new phenylethanoid glycoside, named acetyl forsythoside B (1), was isolated from the fruits of Callicarpa japonica Thunb. var. luxurians Rehd. (Verbenaceae) along with forsythoside B (2), brandioside (3), poliumoside (4), actioside (5), and apigenin 7-galacturonide (6). The structures of 1–6 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data. In addition, the antioxidative activity of 1–4 and 6 was evaluated by the ferric thiocyanate method. All of the tested compounds except 6 exhibited almost the same activity as 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. The radical-scavenging effect of 1–6 on the stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl was also examined. Compounds 1–5 showed almost twice the activity compared to α-tocopherol.     

Topical continuous use of Lippia sidoides Cham. essential oil induces cutaneous inflammatory response,but does not delay wound healing process

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The essential oil of Lippia sidoides (EOLS) has been used in Brazilian folk medicine as a topical antiseptic agent in skin for treatment of wounds and superficial infections of the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EOLS on intact and damaged skin, including its action on expression of mediators, COX-2 and VEGF, involved in healing full-thickness cutaneous lesions in vivo.

Material and methods

EOLS was analyzed chemically and used at different concentrations to dose-response experiments in skin mice. Skin irritation tests by one-dosage and multiple-dosages and irritation to damaged skin were assessed by macroscopy, morphometry and histological and immunohistochemical analyses. To evaluate the effects of EOLS on wound healing, excision wounds were surgically created on the dorsum of rats, and the ointments at 6% and 12% were applied daily to the wound area. Cutaneous lesions were assessed by planimetric (wound contraction) and macroscopic parameters.

Results

Skin irritation tests showed that topical application of EOLS promoted cutaneous inflammation in varying degrees, which was demonstrated by increase of skin thickness and formation of cutaneous edema and erythema. Topical administration of EOLS in high concentrations presented an irritant response to skin, but this irritation is lighter when low concentrations this oil were used. Histological evaluation supported the outcome of these models, which revealed accentuated presence of inflammatory cells infiltration. In wound healing process, the lesions treated with EOLS showed intense edema and exsudation up to day 5, but there were not significant differences in the wound contraction on days 14 and 21. No immunohistochemical staining was verified to COX-2 and VEGF mediators in skin treated with EOLS 12%.

Conclusion

The continuous application of EOLS in adequate concentrations on cutaneous wounds increases inflammatory response without delay the lesions closure. The association of these results with antimicrobial action previously related to EOLS allows its indication as an alternative therapeutic modality for topical treatment of infected cutaneous wound. Nevertheless, further studies need to be performed to determine the mechanism of action and support its application in clinical practice.     

Constituents of Clerodendrum bungei

Two new compounds, 5- O -ethylcleroindicin D ( 1 ) and bungein A ( 2 ), together with 12 known compounds ( 3 - 14 ), were isolated from the aerial parts of the medicinal plant Clerodendrum bungei . The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated as a perhydrobenzofuran derivative and a peroxide dimer by spectral and chemical evidence. Compounds 3 - 14 have been obtained from this species for the first time.     

黄荆子化学成分研究

目的研究马鞭草科牡荆属植物黄荆果实的化学成分。方法采用聚酰胺、大孔树脂柱层析和Sephadex LH-20柱层析等分离方法对黄荆子强极性成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到4个单体化合物,荭草素（Ⅰ）,异荭草素（Ⅱ）,牡荆苷Ⅲ,VitedoamineA（Ⅳ）。结论化合物Ⅲ首次从该植物中分离得到。     

A new diterpenoid and a new triterpenoid glucosyl ester from the leaves of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Callicarpa japonica</Emphasis> Thunb. var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">luxurians</Emphasis> Rehd.

A new abietane-type diterpenoid and a new oleanane-type triterpenoid glucosyl ester were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa japonica Thunb. var. luxurians Rehd. (Verbenaceae) along with 11 known compounds, comprising seven triterpenoids, two sterols, a flavonoid, and an aliphatic glycoside. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data.