穴位重灸治疗变应性鼻炎临床研究

目的观察穴位重灸治疗变应性鼻炎(AR)的临床疗效。方法将180例AR患者按照随机数字表法分为2组。治疗组90例予穴位重灸治疗;对照组90例予布地奈德鼻喷雾剂治疗。2组均连续治疗4周,疗程结束后20周随访。比较2组治疗前后症状评分变化、鼻结膜炎生活质量问卷(RQLQ)评分变化,评价近期疗效和远期复发率。结果2组治疗后症状评分及总评分均较本组治疗前降低(P<0.05),且治疗组治疗后鼻塞症状改善优于对照组(P<0.05),对照组治疗后喷嚏症状改善优于治疗组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后RQLQ评分均较本组治疗前降低(P<0.05),且治疗组活动评分改善优于对照组(P<0.05),对照组非鼻/眼症状、实际问题、情感评分改善优于治疗组(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率85.2%(75/88),对照组总有效率82.8%(72/88),2组近期疗效相当(P>0.05)。随访时,治疗组复发率72.5%(58/80),对照组复发率92.6%(75/81),对照组复发率高于治疗组(P<0.05)。结论穴位重灸治疗AR,能改善患者症状及生活质量,近期疗效与布地奈德鼻喷雾剂治疗相当,但远期疗效更优。     

呼出气一氧化氮检测在缓解期儿童哮喘合并鼻炎中的价值

目的 探讨呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）检测用于评估缓解期哮喘合并缓解期过敏性鼻炎患儿病情的价值。方法 选取214 例处于临床缓解期哮喘儿童,按照有无合并过敏性鼻炎及有无进行规范化治疗分为哮喘治疗组、哮喘合并鼻炎治疗组、哮喘未治疗组及哮喘合并鼻炎未治疗组。同时记录FeNO 及引起FEV1 下降20%时的激发剂累计浓度（PC20FEV1）数值。结果 哮喘未治疗组PC20FEV1 数值高于哮喘合并鼻炎未治疗组,差异有统计学意义;两组FeNO 差异无统计学意义。哮喘治疗组与哮喘合并鼻炎治疗组FeNO 及PC20FEV1 数值差异均无统计学意义。哮喘合并鼻炎治疗组PC20FEV1 数值明显高于未治疗组,FeNO 数值明显低于未治疗组。哮喘治疗组仅FeNO 数值明显低于未治疗组,二者PC20FEV1 数值差异无统计学意义。结论 对怀疑合并有临床缓解期过敏性鼻炎的哮喘患儿进行病情评估时,FeNO 检测具有重要的价值。     

玉屏风颗粒结合枸地氯雷他定片治疗过敏性鼻炎临床研究

目的 评价玉屏风颗粒结合枸地氯雷他定片治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效.方法 将符合入选标准的112例过敏性鼻炎患者按就诊顺序随机分为2组,每组56例.对照组口服枸地氯雷他定片,观察组在对照组基础上口服玉屏风颗粒.2组均治疗4周,随访6个月.分别于治疗前后评估中医症状积分,采用化学免疫发光法检测IgE水平,采用ELISA法检测血管细胞黏附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)、IL-4、IL-10、白细胞三烯B4(leukotrienes B4,LTB4),评价临床疗效,记录随访期间的复发率.结果 观察组总有效率为94.6%(53/56)、对照组为80.4%(45/56),2组比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.254,P<0.01).治疗后,观察组流鼻涕[(1.2±0.1)分比(2.0±0.2)分,t=6.420]、鼻部瘙痒[(1.2±0.3)分比(1.7±0.3)分,t=7.003]、打喷嚏[(0.8±0.1)分比(1.3±0.1)分,t=6.716]、鼻塞[(1.1±0.1)分比(1.6±0.3)分,t=7.256]积分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血清IgE[(114.48±9.85)IU/ml比(130.64±10.51)IU/ml,t=6.994]、VCAM-1[(512.56±13.84)μg/L比(624.98±7.06)μg/L,t=7.803]水平低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血清IL-4[(16.25±1.53)ng/L比(22.38±3.16)ng/L,t=5.458]、IL-10[(15.98±2.43)ng/L比(21.82±1.75)ng/L,t=6.149]、LTB4[(59.14±0.96)ng/L比(67.46±3.04)ng/L,t=5.342]水平低于对照组(P<0.05).随访6个月,观察组复发率为5.66%(3/53)、对照组为26.67%(12/45),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.284,P=0.004).结论 玉屏风颗粒结合枸地氯雷他定片可有效改善过敏性鼻炎患者的临床症状,调节免疫功能,减少疾病复发.     

MACVIA-LR,Reference site of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) in Languedoc Roussillon

The Région Languedoc-Roussillon is the umbrella organisation for an interconnected and integrated project on AHA covering the 3 pillars of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. All sub-activities (A1: electronic pharmaceutical file, A2: falls prevention initiative, A3: frailty, B3: chronic respiratory diseases, chronic diseases with comorbidities, oral health and hepatitis virus C chronic infection, C2 and D4 active and independent living and handicap) are included in MACVIA-LR that has a strong political commitment and includes all stakeholders (public, private, patients, policy makers). It is one of the Reference Sites of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing built around chronic diseases, ageing and handicap. The framework of MACVIA-LR has the vision that the prevention and management of CDs is essential for AHA promotion and for the reduction of handicap. The main objective of MACVIA-LR is to develop innovative solutions for a network of Living Labs in order to improve the care of patients affected by CDs in the Languedoc-Roussillon area and to disseminate the innovation.     

卵清蛋白致敏SD大鼠上下呼吸道炎症反应动物模型的构建

目的：以卵清蛋白为致敏原,建立具有变应性鼻炎和变应性哮喘为主要特征的大鼠模型,观察大鼠模型上下呼吸道炎症反应及病理改变。方法：采用6-8周雄性SD大鼠,随机分为变应性鼻炎组10只,变应性鼻炎对照组10只,变应性哮喘组10只,变应性哮喘对照组10只,以卵清蛋白致敏并激发制成变应性鼻炎和变应性哮喘模型。HE染色和甲苯胺蓝染色分别检测变应性鼻炎模型和变应性哮喘模型鼻黏膜及肺组织中EOS、MC的表达。结果：变应性鼻炎组、变应性哮喘组大鼠卵清蛋白激发后出现了典型的变应性鼻炎、变应性哮喘症状（评分〉5分）,鼻黏膜和肺组织可见较多的嗜酸粒细胞和肥大细胞浸润,且两组鼻黏膜和肺组织中EOS、MC数明显多于相应对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：卵清蛋白致敏SD大鼠能够成功建立变应性鼻炎和变应性哮喘动物模型,有望为上、下呼吸道炎症反应的诊断、治疗及研究工作提供有效方法及组织形态学依据。     

Decreased Serum Epinephrine in Children With Positive Skin Prick Test

Objectives

To evaluate the association between catecholamine levels and skin prick test results among children.

Methods

Two hundred eight first grade children from one elementary school were invited to participate in this study. Skin prick test (SPT) for six allergens (2 house dust mites, cat, dog, mugwort, and pollen mixture) was performed, and patient demographic information was recorded. The parents were surveyed using questionnaires about rhinitis-related symptoms. Finally, venous blood sampling was done to measure catecholamine levels (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results

Out of 208 children, 174 (106 boys and 68 girls) enrolled in this study. Ninety-six of the children (55%) had negative SPT (nonsensitization group), while 78 (45%) had a positive SPT to at least one of six allergens (sensitization group). The diagnosis of chronic rhinitis was more prevalent in the sensitization group (35.9%) than nonsensitization group (26.0%), however the finding was not significant (P=0.186). Epinephrine levels were decreased between the sensitization group compared to the nonsensitization group (P=0.004). There was no difference in norepinephrine and dopamine levels (P>0.05).

Conclusion

Epinephrine levels are lower in children with positive SPT compared to controls, however, the level of the catecholamine was not associated with the presence or absence of rhinitis symptoms.     

The need for patient-focused therapy for children and teenagers with allergic rhinitis: a case-based review of current European practice

Allergic rhinitis is a common problem in childhood and adolescence, with a negative impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. The treatment modalities for allergic rhinitis include allergen avoidance, anti-inflammatory symptomatic treatment and allergen specific immunotherapy. In this review, four cases of children with allergic rhinitis are presented to illustrate how the recently published EAACI Guidelines on Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis can be implemented in clinical practice.     

针刺蝶腭神经节治疗中重度持续性变应性鼻炎的疗效分析

目的：评价针刺蝶腭神经节治疗中重度持续性变应性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法本研究为非随机对照研究。将符合纳入标准的患者按就诊顺序以1∶1比例分为2组,每组25例。针刺蝶腭神经节组采用毫针刺激蝶腭神经节,1～2次/周;常规针刺组采用传统针刺方法,以迎香、印堂、风池、风府、足三里等为主穴,以上星、合谷、禾髎、肺俞、脾俞、肾俞、三阴交等为配穴,每次取主穴、配穴各1～2穴,2次/周。2组均连续治疗4周。采用鼻炎症状总分量表(2004版)、鼻炎症状总分量表(total nasal symptom score, TNSS)、鼻炎伴随症状总分量表(total non-nasal symptom score, TNNSS)评价症状改善情况;采用鼻结膜炎生活质量量表(rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire, RQLQ)评价生活质量;比较2组患者针刺起效时间、疗效持续时间,以及治疗后1个月复发天数。结果针刺蝶腭神经节组治疗后鼻炎症状总分[(99.74±31.89)分比(196.83±31.22),t＝-4.912]、TNSS[(165.18±51.06)分比(209.37±53.31)分,t＝-4.032]、TNNSS[(33.63±12.37)分比(71.82±19.21),t＝-3.463]均明显低于常规针刺组(P 均＜0.05)。与常规针刺组比较,针刺蝶腭神经节组针刺后症状改善起效时间[(13.85±4.21)min 比(45.63±7.87)min;t＝-1.763,P＝0.008]更短,而疗效持续时间[(37.92±9.94)h 比(3.35±1.23)h;t＝7.637,P＜0.01]更长。针刺蝶腭神经节组治疗后4周RQLQ评分[(8.48±3.71)分比(37.68±12.46)分,F＝-7.312]低于常规针刺组(P＜0.01)。治疗后1个月针刺蝶腭神经节组复发天数[(4.12±2.15)d 比(23.53±4.63)d,t＝-8.879]明显少于常规针刺组(P＜0.01)。结论针刺蝶腭神经节治疗中重度持续性变应性鼻炎优于传统针刺方法。     

衡阳市城乡两地变应性鼻炎流行病学调查

目的:调查湖南省衡阳地区城乡两地变应性鼻炎(Allergic Rhinitis,AR)的流行情况。方法:自2009年1月-2014年7月,通过随机整群抽样,抽取湖南省衡阳市居民8716例(市民4420例,村民4296例),采用发送自填问卷、面访问卷调查的方法,对有AR症状的患者进行专科检查和血清特异性Ig E(s Ig E)检测予以确诊。结果:市区血清s Ig E检测阳性率10.95%(484/4420)、农村7.40%(318/4296);市区AR患病率4.80%(212/4420)、农村2.61%(112/4296);市区血清s Ig E检测阳性率及AR患病率均比农村高,两地比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。AR发病类型中重度间歇型占45.06%(146/324),为主要的AR发病类型。AR并发变应性疾病发生率为24.69%(80/324),并发症前4位由高到低排序依次为:结膜炎、变应性皮炎、哮喘、药物过敏。结论:AR发病存在城乡差别,AR与其他变态反应性疾病有密切关系,老百姓对AR及全气道变态反应的认识和重视不足,需对其加大宣教。