呼吸内科PBL教学法在全科医师规培中的应用

目的探索基于呼吸治疗团队教学的以问题为基础的教学法(problem based learning,PBL)在全科住院医师规范化培训中的应用。方法呼吸系统以老年人慢性疾病为主,是全科医学生教育的重要环节。开展PBL教学法的教学探索,以期达到对全科医师的专科疾病培训,使其理解并掌握相关疾病知识,能适应未来医学发展和社会需要,为患者提供更好的社区医疗服务。结果PBL教学法的精髓是发挥问题对学习过程的指导作用,调动学生学习的积极性和主动性,整体提升学生的综合素质和能力。结论在全科医学规范化培训教学中运用PBL教学,带教老师以任务为主线、以学员为主体进行引导,可极大的提高学生的学习兴趣、主动性以及自学能力,从而培养学员的分析问题、解决问题的能力。可以更好的帮助学员形成以患者为中心的临床诊断思路、提高解决临床问题的综合能力及团队合作能力。     

Measuring and Teaching Confidence Calibration Among Radiologists: A Multi-Institution Study

ObjectiveOur purpose was to assess the calibration of resident, fellow, and attending radiologists on a simple image classification task (presence or absence of an anterior cruciate ligament [ACL] tear based on interpretation of sagittal proton density, fat-saturated MR images) and to assess whether teaching residents could improve their calibration.MethodsWe created a test containing 30 randomized, sagittal, proton density, fat-saturated MR images of the ACL (15 normal, 15 torn). This test was administered in person to 20 trainees and 3 attendings at one medical center in one state. An online version of the test was given to 23 trainees and 14 attendings from 11 other medical centers in nine other states. Subjects were asked to give their confidence level (0%-100%) that each ACL was torn.ResultsCross-sectional data were collected from 60 radiologists (mean time after medical school = 9.3 years, minimum = 1 year, maximum = 36 years). This demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in calibration as a function of increasing experience (P = .020). Longitudinal data were collected from 12 trainees at the start and end of their musculoskeletal radiology rotation, with an intervening review of the primary and secondary signs of ACL tear on MR. A statistically significant improvement in calibration was noted during the rotation (P = .028).ConclusionsConfidence calibration is a promising tool for quality improvement and radiologist self-assessment. Our study showed that calibration loss improves with experience in radiologists tested on a common and clinically important image classification task. We also demonstrated that calibration can be successfully taught to residents over a relatively short period (2-4 weeks).     

Surgeons see anatomical structures faster and more accurately compared to novices: Development of a pattern recognition skill assessment platform

Background

This study aimed to identify differences in pattern recognition skill among individuals with varying surgical experience.

中医皮肤病住院医师规范化培训存在的问题与改革

目的研究云南中医药大学皮肤病科住院医师规范化培训存在的问题,找到改革的关键。方法结合实际教学及规培现状进行分析:规培学员不够重视;规培内容多,规培时间短;规培学员水平参差不齐,轮转方案不够个性化等问题。近年来,皮肤科根据自身特点注重住院医师规范化培训工作的开展。通过对规培学员临床诊疗能力、学习能力、中医思维、师生沟通情况及规培满意度进行打分。结果对156位出科规培医师进行满意度调查及考核,大部分住院医师对所在科室科培训工作满意度较高,中医临床能力得到增强。在本科规培人员2月以上组80分以上的人数高于2月以下组(P<0.05)。结论通过加强考勤管理、制定适合的规培方案、改革教学内容及开展内容丰富的教学活动、加强业务学习,突出中医特色,不断促使学员进行学习皮肤病相关知识,皮肤科规培工作取得了一定成效。     

神经病学专业型硕士研究生规范化培训的思考

神经病学领域正突飞猛进地发展,培养现代应用型高素质神经科学人才迫在眉睫。神经病学专业型硕士研究生顺应国家培训政策,正接受研究生教育与住院医师规范化培训接轨的新培训模式,这对神经病学研究生教学提出更高要求。文章对神经病学专业型硕士研究生接受住院医师规范化培训进行了探讨,指出要加强教学工作,从多角度开展教学,优化教学方法,为培养优秀的神经病学专业人才打下坚实基础。     

国内住培中医患沟通研究现状的分析与思考

目的通过文献计量法分析国内住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)中关于医患沟通的研究现状,为提高住培过程中医患沟通能力提出建设性对策。方法应用文献检索策略,在中文期刊全文数据库搜索并导出自2000年1月1日—2020年2月29日以来有关住培中医患沟通的全部文献,以文献标题、发表时间和研究内容等构建Excel数据库,并进行统计分析。结果查到住培相关医患沟通的相关文献共70篇,均于2009年以后发表,文献研究数量逐年增加;文献作者所在地域分布不均匀;作者单位主要以大学附属医院为主;文献多出自于教育类、临床类和管理类期刊;文献的研究方法主要以理论论述为主,缺乏干预性研究;文献的被引次数较低,文献质量相对较差;文献的研究内容主要对医患沟通的重要性、内涵建设、现状与挑战和提高医患沟通措施方面进行了阐述。结论医患沟通培训在住培中并未受到充分重视,需在住培期间加强医患沟通教育,培养医患沟通能力,为创建新型医患关系奠定坚实的基础。