Development of a computer assistive input device through a commercial numerical keyboard by position coding technology for people with disabilities

Purpose.?This study proposes a novel computer pointing device that uses a commercial numerical keyboard as the input device of the device to help people with disabilities move a cursor to a target quickly, easily and accurately.

Method.?The proposed device adopts a Screen-Partitioning and Coding method and adopts an Auxiliary-Window-Screen program design that provides users with a visual operating environment.

Result.?Three people with disabilities tested the device. In an experiment user-performance was measured and compared with that using mousekeys developed by Microsoft and the two-grade method proposed by Shih. Experimental results reveal that this method enables people with disabilities to operate computer.

Conclusions.?In summary, a novel method is applied to help people with disabilities move a cursor to a target. The proposed device uses a commercial pointing device as the input device, providing users with an inexpensive, flexible and easily maintained computer pointing device. Furthermore, the proposed device adopts the Auxiliary-Window-Screen design to provide the users with a visual operating environment. Experimental results show that the proposed device is superior to those of the previous studies.     

Excel在药品制剂生产统计分析中的应用

为充分利用数据处理软件Excel的功能,促进药品制剂生产统计工作。根据药品制剂生产统计工作的实际要求,设计药品制剂生产统计相关工作表,适时录入相关数据,通过Excel对各种数据进行自动加工处理。发现Excel软件能显著提高药品生产统计工作效率。认为将Excel软件用于药品制剂生产管理具有操作简单、管理成本低及工作效率高等特点。     

5个企业枸橼酸他莫昔芬片的体外溶出度考察

目的对国内5个企业枸橼酸他莫昔芬片进行体外溶出度考察,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法以紫外分光光度法测定含量,浆法测定溶出度。利用Excel软件的VBA编写宏命令,在计算机上快速算出枸橼酸他莫昔芬片的累积溶出百分率和溶出参数,并对各组之间的溶出参数进行方差分析。结果所测产品的体外溶出均达到中国药典规定的30min溶出应大于标示量75%的要求,但各企业枸橼酸他莫昔芬片的溶出参数（m、t50、td、t80）间存在着高度显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论不同企业枸橼酸他莫昔芬片的溶出参数存在着显著差异,临床用药时应加以注意。     

结直肠癌多学科专业数据库的初步建立

目的利用Microsoft Visual Studio 2005开发结直肠癌临床病例资料数据库,初步探讨其在患者资料的系统保存、分析统计以及随访方面的应用价值。方法收集上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院普外科2005—2009年入院的946例结直肠癌患者资料,利用Microsoft Visual Studio 2005数据库软件开发建立"结直肠癌多学科专业数据库",患者的文字信息输入由基础信息(12个字段)、术前资料(7个字段)、外科治疗(14个字段)和术后随访(3个字段)4个页面组成。结果在Microsoft VisualStudio 2005软件平台上成功建立了结直肠癌病例数据库,并实现了对资料的存储、添加、检索及分类等功能。结论该数据库数据录入简单、资料检索方便,对结直肠癌病案资料具有较强的处理能力,基本符合临床与科研的需求。     

Creating an IHE ATNA-Based Audit Repository

Compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires gathering audit information from picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) regarding evidence trails of human interactions. Until recently, most PACS users have had limited access to auditing information. Access required resources to handle manual inspection of audit logs, and access to proprietary databases was not always available. Some vendors now produce eXtensible Markup Language (XML) audit logs based on certain events occurring in PACS. However, it is up to the user to convert this information into an easily mined data repository supporting compliance and quality control. This process can be handled in multiple ways, which could mean different audit mechanisms depending on the PACS (or other hospital system) used. It is apparent that an organized method of dealing with audit information is needed. This help may be provided within the Integrating the Healthcare Environment (IHE) framework. The IHE initiative defines a set of profiles, actors, and transactions that create common scenarios for particular workflow processes. The Integration Profiles depict security as a fundamental requirement of the framework. Specifically, the Audit Trail and Node Authentication (ATNA) profile defines standards based mechanisms for securely transmitting and storing audit records in a central repository. The data structure defined by the profile provides a number of record types that capture different audit events. A general feasibility study for storing currently available PACS audit information following the profile is defined, and steps to an automated solution are discussed.     

Microsoft Excel在实验室室内质量控制中的应用

〔目的〕对实验室质量控制的数据统计和质控图的绘制进行自动化管理。〔方法〕利用Microsoft Excel系统来完成数据处理和制图工作。〔结果〕Microsoft Excel系统在实验室室内质量控制方面的应用,具有简便、准确、美观、统一性强的特点。〔结论〕可利用Microsoft Excel系统来处理实验室质量控制中复杂烦琐的数据统计和质控图的绘制工作,不仅可以减轻实验室人员的工作量,又可以提高质量管理。     

Excel规划求解法计算静脉滴注给药的药动学参数

目的建立一种简便的静脉滴注给药的药动学参数求解方法。方法Excel规划求解结合误差最小二乘法。结果通过实例分析阐明了静脉滴注给药药动学参数的计算方法,给出混杂参数A1、A2、α、β。结论Excel规划求解可在一定约束条件下获得参数的最优解,是获取静脉滴注给药的药动学参数的有效方法。     

Excel软件在药效评价Meta分析中的应用

目的探讨Excel表格软件在药效评价Meta分析中的可行性。方法通过单元格引用和函数引用的方法,编写Excel表格程序。结果实例分析表明,基于Excel表格的Peto法Meta分析,其异质性检验、综合效应分析结果以及森林图和漏斗图与RevMan 4.2软件是一致的。结论在计数资料Meta分析的固定效应模型中,可以采用Excel软件进行Peto法Meta分析。     

NM-Win: A Personal Computer-Based Microsoft® Windows™ Front-End to NONMEM IV

A Microsoft Windows-based front-end, NM-Win, has been written to provide a more user-friendly environment to do nonlinear mixed effect modeling with the NONMEM program. NM-Win utilizes an object-oriented interface design which allows users to view and edit control, PRED, and/or data files using Windows Notepad. In addition, calls made to the Microsoft FORTRAN compiler and linker which generate the final NONMEN executable are performed simply by clicking the Run NONMEN button. During the executive step, iterations can be viewed in a window to check the progress of the run. Errors encountered while NONMEN or NM-TRAN is running are brought to a window for ease in debugging. Advanced options allow the user the flexibility of compiling user-written PRED files and creating linker response files. While the PC platform is not optimal for large data set or complex models, it does permit easier debugging and offers multitasking while Windows is running.     

某院门急诊住院处方点评效果分析

目的了解某院门急诊和住院处方用药点评效果,提高其合理用药水平。方法以《处方管理办法》和《医院处方点评管理规范(试行)》为依据,抽取2010年至2011年门急诊处方(6 000张)和住院病历(2 400份)的处方指标和患者关怀指标进行点评,采用Excel软件进行统计和分析。结果该院门急诊处方平均用药品种数为2.9和2.1,平均不合理处方比例由2010年的21.7%下降为2011年的8.5%,不合理用药住院病历由2010年的21.5%下降为2011年的13.9%,抗生素使用率由2010年的44.9%降至2011年的36.3%,通用名使用率达100.0%。结论医院Microsoft Excel处方点评工作可行,能有效干预不合理用药,提高合理用药水平。