恶性肿瘤并发皮肤瘙痒症5例临床分析

作者认为恶性肿瘤引起的瘙痒有二种特点:(1)患者难以忍受;(2)抗组织胺药物无效。     

中药归参止痒方治疗血虚肝旺型老年皮肤瘙痒症的疗效及对干细胞因子与强啡肽的影响

目的 观察养血柔肝中药归参止痒方对血虚肝旺型老年皮肤瘙痒症患者临床疗效及其对干细胞因子（SCF）及强啡肽（DYN）的影响，探讨其治疗老年皮肤瘙痒症的作用机制。     

中西医结合治疗外阴色素减退性疾病55例临床观察

目的观察中西医结合治疗外阴色素减退性疾病的近期及远期疗效。方法将100例患者随机分为2组。治疗组55例以中药外阴熏洗配合自制复方维生素B6软膏涂擦、微波局部照射综合治疗；对照组45例以2％氢化可的松软膏涂擦治疗，3个月后、1年后对近期疗效与远期疗效进行比较。结果治疗组和对照组近期治愈率分别为27．27％、8．89％（P〈0．05），有效率分别为100．00％、82．22％（P〉0．05）；远期有效率治疗组和对照组分别为87．27％、26．67％（P〈0．01）；复发率分别为12．73％、73．33％（P〈0．01）。结论中西医结合疗法治疗外阴色素减退性疾病疗效显著。     

Safety and efficacy of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the daily practice: Results of a patient self‐observation study in patients with atopic dermatitis

Background: Pimecrolimus cream 1% has proven to be well‐tolerated and effective in controlled clinical studies in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). In a 15‐week patient self‐observation study, safety and efficacy was investigated in the daily practice. Patients and methods: 3502 patients with AD (mean age 26.2 ± 18 years, 62% female) received pimecrolimus cream 1% from 810 physicians in the German Federal Republic.The severity of the disease was assessed at baseline, two times during the 15‐week observation period and at the end of treatment.Patients recorded daily the degree of erythema and pruritus. At the end of treatment, safety and efficacy were assessed by the physician based on patient's daily records and by the patient. Results: The percentage of patients with severe or massive AD decreased from 25% to 7%, whereas the percentage of patients without or with mild symptoms increased from 9% to 55%.The efficacy of treatment was rated by physicians as good or very good in 83.5% of cases and by 79% of patients.At baseline 35% of the patients were free of flares as compared to 75% at the end of therapy. Disease control was better in patients who followed the recommended treatment algorithm for pimecrolimus cream.Tolerability was mostly rated as good or very good. Conclusion: Treatment with pimecrolimus cream 1% for patients with AD is well‐tolerated and effective in daily practice.     

The effect of subhypnotic doses of propofol on the incidence of pruritus after intrathecal morphine for Caesarean section

The effect of subhypnotic doses of propofol on intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus was studied in a prospective, randomly allocated, double-blind controlled trial. Fifty-eight women undergoing elective lower segment Caesarean section for a singleton fetus received spinal anaesthesia with 2.5 ml hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine and 0.2 mg of preservative-free morphine. They then received propofol 1 ml (10 mg) or Intralipid 1 ml (control group) intravenously after delivery. Pruritus was assessed using a five-point verbal rating scale at hourly intervals for 8 h. A second dose of their allocated treatment drug was administered at the first recording of significant pruritus. The pruritus score was reassessed after 5 min and the treatment was repeated if pruritus remained. There were no differences between the groups in the onset of pruritus or its successful treatment. No adverse side-effects were associated with this dose of propofol. There were no differences in the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting between the two groups. Subhypnotic propofol is not an effective treatment for intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus in women following Caesarean section.     

基于网络药理学探讨肛肠瘙痒洗剂治疗肛周湿疹的作用机制

目的:基于网络药理学方法初步探讨肛肠瘙痒洗剂治疗肛周湿疹的机制。方法:应用TCMSP数据库,根据DL≥0.18,ALog P0.5对成分信息进行筛选后,检索药物相关靶点,共获得药物靶点258个。在GeneCards数据库中查找"湿疹"疾病相关基因,共获得相关基因2 736个。药物和疾病共有靶点114个。使用String数据库获得蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)关系,用Cytoscape软件进行可视化。根据蛋白相互作用的"degree"值,获得关键作用靶点,采用R软件中的"Bioconductor"安装包对靶点进行GO及KEGG通路分析。结果:网络分析结果表明,肛肠瘙痒洗剂主要通过细胞因子及受体诱导免疫激活,可能通过调节IL-17信号通路、TNF信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、Th1及Th2细胞分化、JAK-STAT信号通路、Th17细胞分化等信号通路来发挥其治疗作用。结论:本研究综合应用网络药理学的方法预测出肛肠瘙痒洗剂治疗湿疹的作用机制和分子靶点,为其进一步实验研究鉴定基础。     

百特药液治疗外耳道瘙痒症的临床研究

目的：筛选治疗外耳道瘫痒症的理想药物,以期从根本上治疗该病。方法：采用分组用药,并按双盲法观察疗效。试用药物为百特药液、１．０％酚甘油、氯霉素眼药水,４％硼酸酒精和生理盐水（对照）。结果：四种药物中百特药液对外耳道瘙痒症的治疗效果显著,近期治愈率达８４％。结论：百特药液是临床上治疗外耳道瘙痒症大有希望的药物,值得在临床上推广试用。     

Side effects during continuous epidural infusion of morphine and fentanyl

Respiratory effects, nausea, somnolence, and pruritus were compared during a 48-hr period of continuous epidural morphine (n = 34) and fentanyl (n = 32) infusion in 66 patients following elective total replacement of the hip or knee joint. Respiratory effects were assessed by PaCO2. Side effects were assessed by visual analogue scale and considered to be present when the score was above 30. Assessment was made at preoperative visits then 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hr after the epidural injection. The bolus dose and subsequent infusion rate were 3,900 +/- 1,300 micrograms and 427 +/- 213 micrograms.hr-1 for morphine, and 85 +/- 46 micrograms and 56 +/- 27 micrograms.hr-1 for fentanyl. Pain relief was similar in both groups. In the morphine group, PaCO2 elevation and nausea occurred over a period of more than 12 hr (P less than 0.05). In the fentanyl group, there was no PaCO2 change, and nausea was confined to the first few hours. Nausea was more severe (P less than 0.01 at six hours and more frequent (24 hr cumulative incidence, 53 vs 28%, P less than 0.05) in the morphine group. Somnolence was prominent within several hours in two-thirds of patients in both groups. Somnolence continued to decline thereafter in the morphine group, but it was demonstrable in approximately half of the patients throughout the second day in the fentanyl group. The incidence was higher in the fentanyl group at the 48th hr (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)