Probiotic-induced suppression of allergic sensitization and airway inflammation is associated with an increase of T regulatory-dependent mechanisms in a murine model of asthma

BACKGROUND: Microbial intestinal colonization in early in life is regarded to play a major role for the maturation of the immune system. Application of non-pathogenic probiotic bacteria during early infancy might protect from allergic disorders but underlying mechanisms have not been analysed so far. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to investigate the immune effects of oral application of probiotic bacteria on allergen-induced sensitization and development of airway inflammation and airway hyper-reactivity, cardinal features of bronchial asthma. METHODS: Newborn Balb/c mice received orally 10(9) CFU every second day either Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb-12) starting from birth for consecutive 8 weeks, during systemic sensitization (six intraperitoneal injections, days 29-40) and airway challenge (days 54-56) with ovalbumin. RESULTS: The administration of either Bb-12 or LGG suppressed all aspects of the asthmatic phenotype: airway reactivity, antigen-specific immunoglobulin E production and pulmonary eosinophilia (mean: 137 vs. 17 and 13 cellsx10(3)/mL, respectively). Antigen-specific recall proliferation by spleen cells and T-helper type 2 cytokine production (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) by mesenteric lymph node cells also showed significant reduction, while TGF production remained unchanged. Oral LGG administration particularly suppressed allergen-induced proliferative responses and was associated with an increase in numbers of TGF-beta-secreting CD4+/CD3+ T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (6.5, 16.7%) as well as nearly 2-fold up-regulation of Foxp3-expressing cells in peribronchial lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal application of probiotic bacteria inhibits subsequent allergic sensitization and airway disease in a murine model of asthma by induction of T regulatory cells associated with increased TGF-beta production.     

双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊联合阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗对肺炎支原体肺炎腹泻患儿胃肠炎症的调节作用

目的观察双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊联合阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗对肺炎支原体肺炎腹泻患儿胃肠炎症的调节作用。 方法将肺炎支原体肺炎伴腹泻的患儿106例均分为对照组和观察组。对照组采用阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊治疗。比较两组疗效和肠道菌群失调发生率。比较两组胃肠激素、降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、中性粒细胞百分比(NEUT%)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EOS)水平。 结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P＜0.05)。治疗后,两组胃肠激素和PCT、CRP、NEUT%、EOS较治疗前下降(P＜0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P＜0.05)。观察组肠道菌群失调发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05)。 结论双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊联合阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗可减轻肺炎支原体并腹泻肺炎患儿炎症反应,调节胃肠激素,降低患儿肠道菌群失调的发生。     

双歧杆菌QJ 405和乳酸杆菌QJ 405的生物学特征及鉴定

目的：观察从健康核潜艇艇员正常粪便中分离出的双歧杆菌QJ405和乳酸杆菌QJ405的生物学特征,判定其是否符合益生菌要求。方法：分析细菌的形态学和生理生化特征。采用数值分类法（API20A）的化学分类法（气相色谱分析）进行种属鉴定。抗生素敏感试验采用ATB法。结果：两株菌分别鉴定为长双杆菌和唾液乳酸杆菌唾液亚种,两菌代谢发酵碳水化合物均可产生大量乙酸、乳酸,对多种抗生素表现敏感。结论：双歧杆菌QJ405和乳酸杆菌QJ405的来源和部分生物活性符合益生菌的要求。     

双歧杆菌及其细胞壁对荷瘤小鼠干扰素的体内诱导

目的：观察双歧杆菌及其细胞壁（Ｂ－ＣＷ）对干扰素（ＩＦＮ）诱导而发挥的抗肿瘤作用。方法：荷Ｓ１８０肿瘤小鼠经双歧杆菌及其细胞壁治疗后,收集腹腔巨噬细胞,采用细胞病变抑制法检测培养上清的ＩＮＦ活性;结果：双歧杆菌及其细胞壁均能提高荷瘤小鼠机体内ＩＦＮ的活性。结论：两者都能够通过增强机体的ＩＦＮ活性来发挥抗肿瘤作用     

布拉酵母菌与双歧杆菌四联活菌治疗小儿轮状病毒性胃肠炎疗效比较

目的：比较布拉酵母菌散与双歧杆菌四联活菌片在治疗小儿轮状病毒性胃肠炎的临床疗效。方法选择2012年1月至2014年5月在第三军医大学西南医院儿科门诊及住院部就诊患儿,年龄在2个月至8岁的轮状病毒性胃肠炎患儿191例,按随机数字表法分为对照组（蒙脱石散及常规对症治疗,n＝62）、双歧杆菌四联活菌片组（常规治疗＋双歧杆菌四联活菌片,n＝64）、布拉酵母菌散组（常规治疗＋布拉酵母菌散,n＝65）,治疗第3天及第5天后比较各组的治疗效果。结果双歧杆菌四联活菌片组、布拉酵母菌散组的显效、有效和总有效率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。而布拉酵母菌散组的显效和总有效率指标稍高于双歧杆菌四联活菌片组,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。双歧杆菌四联活菌片组、布拉酵母菌组在治疗第3天、第5天大便次数及腹泻持续时间均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。布拉酵母菌散组腹泻持续时间较双歧杆菌四联活菌片组明显缩短,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论布拉酵母菌散与双歧杆菌四联活菌片两种益生菌治疗儿童轮状病毒性胃肠炎的疗效相似,布拉酵母菌散较双歧杆菌四联活菌片可以缩短腹泻持续时间。     

蒙脱石散联合双歧杆菌四联活菌片、消旋卡多曲治疗小儿急性腹泻的临床效果

目的探究蒙脱石散联合双歧杆菌四联活菌片、消旋卡多曲治疗小儿急性腹泻的临床效果。方法将我院收治的68例急性腹泻患儿根据治疗药物不同分为对照组(34例,蒙脱石散联合双歧杆菌四联活菌片)和观察组(34例,在对照组基础上加用消旋卡多曲)。比较两组的临床治疗效果。结果观察组的治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的LDH、CK、CK-MB水平及CD8+均降低,CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+均升高,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论蒙脱石散、双歧杆菌四联活菌片及消旋卡多曲联合治疗小儿急性腹泻能够有效提高患儿的治疗效果,增强其免疫力,避免了疾病对患儿心肌的损害,效果显著。     

Probiotics in allergic rhinitis

Probiotics are live microorganisms used as supplementary food, usually lactic acid bacteria that can change either the composition and/or the metabolic activities of the gut microbiota modulating the immune system in a way that benefits the person's health.Aim: to review the use of Probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) in allergic rhinitis patients.Materials and Methods: Pubmed original articles were used as data source.Results: results indicate that probiotics, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium appear to prevent allergy recurrences, alleviate the severity of symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis. This happens because of the immune system modulation through the induction of cytokine production which cause a dominant TH1 response in allergic patients by modulating the TH1/TH2 balance effect.Conclusion: The use of probiotic bacteria could be an effective and safe way to prevent and/or treat allergic rhinitis, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, clinical studies using probiotics and dietary intervention should be the focus of future research to enable a more widespread use.     

双歧杆菌的完整肽聚糖对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ERK的影响

目的探索分叉双歧杆菌的完整肽聚糖(WPG)对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ERK1/2的调控作用。方法以WPG刺激大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞或以PKC抑制剂Chelerythrine预先孵育巨噬细胞,再用WPG刺激巨噬细胞,最后用Western blot检测巨噬细胞ERK1/2的表达水平。结果未受WPG刺激的正常大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ERK1/2处于低活性状态,给予WPG刺激巨噬细胞,其磷酸化ERK1/2的蛋白表达水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。但经Chelerythrine预先孵育巨噬细胞后,其磷酸化ERK1/2的蛋白表达水平明显低于WPG刺激组(P<0.01)。结论分叉双歧杆菌的WPG可通过PKC激活巨噬细胞的ERK1/2。     

双歧杆菌培养上清对铜绿假单胞菌黏附肠上皮细胞影响的研究

目的 探讨双歧杆菌培养上清(spent culture supernatant, SCS)体外对铜绿假单胞菌(ATCC 27853)黏附肠上皮细胞的影响.方法 建立体外肠上皮细胞黏附和侵袭模型,通过噻唑蓝(MTT) 实验和细胞裂解计数等技术观察双歧杆菌培养上清对铜绿假单胞菌黏附肠上皮后对细胞活力、黏附和侵入的影响.结果 SCS能抑制铜绿假单胞菌生长,作用3 h后铜绿假单胞菌黏附数和侵入数分别降低了71%和降低约87%,肠上皮细胞损伤害也有减轻.结论 双歧杆菌培养上清可抑制铜绿假单胞菌对肠上皮细胞的黏附和侵袭,保护肠粘膜细胞,维护肠粘膜屏障功能的完整,双歧杆菌培养上清中存在有抑制铜绿假单胞菌生长、黏附的保护性因子,该因子的性质及作用还有待进一步深入研究.     

青春双歧杆菌对环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能的影响

目的研究青春双歧杆菌(BFA)对免疫抑制小鼠模型的体内免疫调节作用。方法采用环磷酰胺腹腔注射法制作免疫抑制小鼠模型,分别用3种不同浓度的BFA菌液连续干预免疫抑制小鼠14d,同时设黄芪治疗组,正常生理盐水对照组和单纯免疫抑制组。干预过程中,每天测定各组小鼠的各项指标,包括小鼠血中IL-2含量,胸腺、脾脏、肝脏指数,小鼠体重增长曲线,粪便BFA菌落计数和血白细胞数。采用SPSS12.0统计软件包进行数据处理分析。结果随着BFA干预天数的增加,BFA摄入量的增多,粪便中BFA菌落数逐渐减少,BFA干预组和对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05);肝、脾、胸腺指数的比较结果表明,BFA干预组与其他各组差异有显著性(P<0.05);血IL-2,白细胞含量比较,BFA高剂量干预组最高,与对照组和其它剂量干预组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05);BFA高剂量干预组体重增加明显,体重曲线表现出BFA干预对免疫抑制小鼠体重的明显促进作用,与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论BFA对环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能有一定的恢复和增强作用。