Fourteen years of the Pregnancy Registry on maternal immunisation with a reduced-antigen-content tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine

BackgroundGSK initiated a Pregnancy Registry in the United States (US) for the reduced-antigen-content tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap; Boostrix, GSK) vaccine with the aim to detect and describe pregnancy outcomes in women vaccinated with Boostrix 28 days before estimated conception or during pregnancy.MethodsVoluntary reports of pregnancy exposure to Boostrix received from spontaneous and post-marketing surveillance sources in the US were assessed. Reports were classified as prospective or retrospective based on the knowledge of pregnancy outcomes at the time of reporting. For completeness, reports of exposure to Boostrix or to the Tdap-inactivated poliovirus vaccine (Boostrix-IPV, GSK) reported to the global safety database from countries outside the US were also evaluated.ResultsFrom May 2005 to August 2019, 1517 (1455 prospective and 62 retrospective) pregnancy reports were received in the Boostrix US Pregnancy Registry. Of the prospective reports, 250 had known outcomes: 244 live infants with no apparent birth defects (BDs), three live infants with BDs, and three spontaneous abortions with no apparent BDs. Of the retrospective reports, 55 had known outcomes: 33 live infants with no apparent BDs, 16 live infants with BDs, one spontaneous abortion with no apparent BDs, four stillbirths with no apparent BDs, and one stillbirth with BDs. Cumulatively, 1321 pregnancy reports (1006 for Boostrix; 315 for Boostrix-IPV) were received from countries outside the US. Of these, 163 prospective reports and 551 retrospective reports had known outcomes. Results were in line with those from the Boostrix US Pregnancy Registry.ConclusionsData currently available from the Boostrix US Pregnancy Registry and from countries outside the US suggested that exposure to Boostrix or Boostrix-IPV during pregnancy does not raise safety concerns related to adverse pregnancy outcomes or BDs.     

2018年广东省药品批发企业及零售连锁企业总部GSP飞行检查缺陷分析

该研究对55家药品批发企业及零售连锁企业总部在GSP飞行检查过程中发现的缺陷项目进行统计,分析存在问题。结果显示企业执行GSP工作较好,但质量管理体系、机构和质量管理职责、人员与培训、设施与设备、校准与验证等环节存在问题依然较为集中,可以采用风险管理的思维加强质量管理工作。     

湖北省中药饮片GMP认证中存在主要问题及建议

摘 要为全面理解中药饮片的生产质量管理规范（GMP）认证相关标准,提高企业对中药饮片GMP的认识,逐步统一检查员的检查尺度,本文对2017年湖北省中药饮片检查缺陷进行统计分析,对GMP认证过程中缺陷项目进行分类描述,提出相应的改进建议,以期为企业和检查员理解GMP标准提供参考。     

EDEC概念应用于牙列缺损修复的病例报告

目的 阐明EDEC的具体涵义,以更好地指导牙列缺损病例修复,减少盲目性和风险.方法 通过具体病例修复的实现过程,展示EDEC概念的临床指导作用.结果 EDEC概念具有明显的临床指导作用,修复结果与预期一致,避免了临床中的盲目性.结论 EDEC概念对牙列缺损修复有明显的指导意义,适合在临床中推广应用.     

低温保存成骨细胞复合生物活性玻璃陶瓷修复兔下颌骨缺损

目的 观察经低温保存的兔骨膜源性成骨细胞(POBs)的生物学特征,及其与生物活性玻璃陶瓷(BGC)体外复合后修复颌骨缺损的能力。方法 将经鉴定的幼兔骨膜源性成骨细胞置入液氮罐中保存,取冻存6个月的细胞做生物学鉴定,并进行体外培养扩增,然后与BGC复合培养,植入兔下颌骨缺损处,对照组为植入单纯BGC组。术后第2、4、8、12周取材,行X线摄片及组织学检查,观察复合材料的成骨能力。结果 复苏的成骨细胞仍具有典型的成熟成骨细胞的生物学特征,与BGC复合植入体内后,能继续生长增殖并形成骨组织,能较快较好地修复骨缺损。结论 利用冻存复苏的成骨细胞进行组织工程学研究是可行的,细胞与材料复合所形成的组织工程化骨,可望在骨组织的修复与重建中得到更加广泛的应用。     

应用一侧颊肌粘膜瓣修复全下唇唇红缺损的初步报告

目的：介绍应用颊肌粘膜瓣修复全下唇唇红缺损的经验。方法：外伤和肿瘤切除后引起的4例全下唇唇红缺损行蒂在121角带血管蒂的颊肌粘膜瓣转移修复，术后观察红唇形态和功能的恢复情况。结果：全部颊肌粘膜瓣完全成活，无感染、血肿、导管或神经损伤及张121障碍。红唇的长度、高度、厚度及感觉都得到恢复。结论：蒂在121角的颊肌粘膜瓣能提供足够的组织修复全下唇唇红缺损，术后形态和功能恢复好，不需二期断蒂。     

Horizontal right axillary minithoracotomy: aesthetic and effective option for atrial and ventricular septal defect repair in infants and toddlers

Introduction

Congenital heart defects treatment shows progressive reduction in morbidity and mortality, however, the scar, resulting from ventricular (VSD) and atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, may cause discomfort. Right axillary minithoracotomy approach, by avoiding the breast growth region, is an option for correction of these defects that may provide better aesthetic results at low cost. Since October 2011, we have been using this technique for repairing VSD and ASD defects as well as associated defects.

Objectives

To evaluate the efficacy of this method in children undergoing correction of VSD and ASD, to compare perioperative clinical outcomes with those repaired by median sternotomy, and to evaluate the aesthetic result.

Methods

Perioperative clinical data of 25 patients submitted to axillary thoracotomy were compared with data from a paired group of 25 patients with similar heart defects repaired by median sternotomy, from October 2011 to August 2012.

Results

Axillary approach was possible even in infants. There was no mortality and the main perioperative variables were similar in both groups, except for lower use of blood products in the axillary group (6/25) vs. control (13/25), with statistical difference (P =0.04). The VSD size varied from 7 to 15 mm in axillary group. Cannulation of the aorta and vena cavae was performed through the main incision, whose size ranged from 3 to 5 cm in the axillary group, with excellent aesthetic results.

Conclusion

The axillary thoracotomy was effective, allowing for a heart defect repair similar to the median sternotomy, with more satisfactory aesthetic results and reduced blood transfusion, and it can be safely used in infants.     

Congenital Heart Disease as a Warning Sign for the Diagnosis of the 22q11.2 Deletion

Background

To alert for the diagnosis of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Objective

To describe the main CHDs, as well as phenotypic, metabolic and immunological findings in a series of 60 patients diagnosed with 22q11.2DS.

Methods

The study included 60 patients with 22q11.2DS evaluated between 2007 and 2013 (M:F=1.3, age range 14 days to 20 years and 3 months) at a pediatric reference center for primary immunodeficiencies. The diagnosis was established by detection of the 22q11.2 microdeletion using FISH (n = 18) and/or MLPA (n = 42), in association with clinical and laboratory information. Associated CHDs, progression of phenotypic facial features, hypocalcemia and immunological changes were analyzed.

Results

CHDs were detected in 77% of the patients and the most frequent type was tetralogy of Fallot (38.3%). Surgical correction of CHD was performed in 34 patients. Craniofacial dysmorphisms were detected in 41 patients: elongated face (60%) and/or elongated nose (53.3%), narrow palpebral fissure (50%), dysplastic, overfolded ears (48.3%), thin lips (41.6%), elongated fingers (38.3%) and short stature (36.6%). Hypocalcemia was detected in 64.2% and decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH) level in 25.9%. Decrease in total lymphocytes, CD4 and CD8 counts were present in 40%, 53.3% and 33.3%, respectively. Hypogammaglobulinemia was detected in one patient and decreased concentrations of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in two other patients.

Conclusion

Suspicion for 22q11.2DS should be raised in all patients with CHD associated with hypocalcemia and/or facial dysmorphisms, considering that many of these changes may evolve with age. The 22q11.2 microdeletion should be confirmed by molecular testing in all patients.     

Stratification of complexity in congenital heart surgery: comparative study of the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) method, Aristotle basic score and Society of Thoracic Surgeons-European Association for Cardio- Thoracic Surgery (STS-EACTS) mortality score

Objective

To determine whether stratification of complexity models in congenital heart surgery (RACHS-1, Aristotle basic score and STS-EACTS mortality score) fit to our center and determine the best method of discriminating hospital mortality.

Methods

Surgical procedures in congenital heart diseases in patients under 18 years of age were allocated to the categories proposed by the stratification of complexity methods currently available. The outcome hospital mortality was calculated for each category from the three models. Statistical analysis was performed to verify whether the categories presented different mortalities. The discriminatory ability of the models was determined by calculating the area under the ROC curve and a comparison between the curves of the three models was performed.

Results

360 patients were allocated according to the three methods. There was a statistically significant difference between the mortality categories: RACHS-1 (1) - 1.3%, (2) - 11.4%, (3)-27.3%, (4) - 50 %, (P<0.001); Aristotle basic score (1) - 1.1%, (2) - 12.2%, (3) - 34%, (4) - 64.7%, (P<0.001); and STS-EACTS mortality score (1) - 5.5 %, (2) - 13.6%, (3) - 18.7%, (4) - 35.8%, (P<0.001). The three models had similar accuracy by calculating the area under the ROC curve: RACHS-1- 0.738; STS-EACTS-0.739; Aristotle- 0.766.

Conclusion

The three models of stratification of complexity currently available in the literature are useful with different mortalities between the proposed categories with similar discriminatory capacity for hospital mortality.