Morphology, toxin composition and pigment content of Prorocentrum lima strains isolated from a coastal lagoon in southern UK.

Prorocentrum lima was isolated from the coastal Fleet lagoon, Dorset, UK in 2000 and a number of clonal cultures established. These were analyzed for okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1), DTX-2, DTX-4 and diol esters by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. OA concentrations varied from 0.4 to 17.1pg OAcell(-1) and DTX-1 from 0.4 to 11.3pg DTX-1cell(-1); DTX-2 was not detected in these isolates. OA and DTX-1 were detected in the culture media, as a result of toxin excretion. DTX-4 and a selection of DTX-4 diol esters were identified using selected ion monitoring, although not all strains produced these compounds. Cell size and number of marginal and valve pores of each strain were observed using scanning electron microscopy. OA and DTX-1 concentrations, pigment content and changes in nitrate and phosphate concentrations in the culture media were followed during growth of one strain of P. lima in batch culture. Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins have been previously detected in shellfish cultivated in the Fleet lagoon, but in the absence of any Dinophysis sp. cells. The identification of toxic P. lima strains from the Fleet suggests that this dinoflagellate is the most probable source of occasional DSP detected in the lagoon.     

Comparative study of the insecticidal activity of a high green plant (Spinacia oleracea) and a chlorophytae algae (Ulva lactuca) extracts against Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly

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天然红心鸭蛋中色素物质的提取条件研究

［摘要］目的探讨天然红心鸭蛋中色素物质提取的最佳条件。方法在不同溶剂、提取时间、温度、料液比和提取次数等条件下，通过单因素实验、正交实验筛选红心鸭蛋中色素物质的最佳提取条件。结果天然红心鸭蛋中的色素物质呈现类胡萝卜素的特征反应，故其色素中主要成分为类胡萝卜素类物质。其最优提取条件为:以石油醚：丙酮=1：1为溶剂，温度40 ℃，料液比为1：20，提取3次，每次提取时间90 min。结论利用实验优化的条件来提取红心鸭蛋中的色素物质,提取较完全,收率较高,可为该类产品的进一步开发研究提供理论依据。     

茶多酚与茶色素对大鼠肝癌前病变组织细胞周期调节因子的影响

目的 利用大鼠肝癌前病变模型探讨茶多酚和茶色素对细胞周期因子的影响。方法 采用改良的Solt-Farber大鼠肝癌癌前病变模型,分别饮用0．1％和0．1％茶多酚,喂养56d。采用Westernblot方法观察细胞周期素D1、D21^WAF1/CIPI、GADD45和PCNA蛋白的表达;用RT－PCR在mRNA水平观察Ckd4的表达。结果 茶多酚和茶色素显著抑制细胞周期素D1、Ckd4和PCNA表达,诱导P21^WAF1／CIP1和GAD45蛋白表达。结论 茶多酚和茶色素通过调节细胞周期调节因子而诱导细胞周期阻滞,抑制细胞过度增值。     

Lipofuscin accumulation in the human spleen with an unusual distribution

Summary Lipofuscin granules were found in an unusual distribution in an atrophic human spleen. The pigment was confined to the sinus littoral cells and was absent from the splenic histiocytes. The lipofuscin differed from the ceroid-type of lipofuscin found in the various conditions associated with the syndrome of the sea-blue histiocyte in its distribution, ultrastructure and its association with splenic atrophy rather than splenomegaly.     

超临界二氧化碳流体萃取技术提取中草药成分的进展

综述了近二十年来，超临界二氧化碳流体萃取技术在中草药有效成分（挥发油、生物碱、萜类、苷类及天然色素）提取中的应用。     

Levels of lipochromes and other bioactives in virgin olive oil from new olive germplasm

The composition of virgin olive oils from three new olive cultivars, such as Arno, Tevere and Basento, has been investigated in this work. Our attention was focused on chlorophylls, carotenes, xanthophylls and other major bioactives, as well as on some analytical indices related to functionality, quality and typicality of the new products. Our analytical study showed how the new oil kinds, especially Arno oil, had an interesting qualitative-quantitative composition of the pigment fraction. Pheophytin a (within the chlorophyll subfraction) and lutein (within the carotenoid subfraction) were found to be the major natural pigments occurring in the new products. Interesting were also the concentrations of biophenols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols detected in the three new oil varieties, as well as the values of the remarkable ratio fatty acids ω₆/fatty acids ω₃ and biophenols/polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (and those of the analytical variables endurance and susceptibility to autoxidation). The chemometric analyses showed how different multivariate methods were effective in discriminating between oil varieties. Thus, these chemometrics can effectively be used for traceability or authentication of the new products. We concluded how the three new olive cultivars can actually lead to new advances in the olive growing sector.     

Dermatography as a treatment after periocular surgery

Dermatography is the application of tattooing techniques in medicine. In the past, several techniques have been tried but none of these led to reproducible results. Over the last 17 years, dermatography has been developed into a technique that is both generally applicable and reproducible. It is a suitable treatment modality for disturbing skin discolorations and scars. With dermatography these can be permanently camouflaged. In this paper, the use of dermatography as a treatment after periocular interventions is discussed.     

Die spektrale empfindlichkeit vonTriturus alpestris (Amphibia,Urodela) während des Wasser-und landlebens

Summary Spectral sensitivity of dark adapted eyes from aquatic and terrestrial animals ofTriturus alpestris was determined using the ERG. Spectral sensitivity changes with transition in a different habitat during metamorphosis and in adult animals in a seasonal course. In aquatic animals (larvae and adults in spring) data agree with the absorption curve for porphyropsin P 523₂. In juvenile and adult terrestrial animals in autumn data fit the absorption curve for rhodopsin P 502₁.

Mit Unterstützung des österreichischen Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung.