Prevention of hypertension in patients with prehypertension in the rural areas of China: a community-based quasi-experiment

Background

People with prehypertension are highly likely to develop hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle modifications may prevent hypertension in patients with prehypertension, but evidence remains scarce in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate whether a community-based intervention could prevent hypertension through lifestyle modifications in people with prehypertension in the rural areas of China.

The harmonic scalpel versus electrocautery for parotidectomy: A meta - analysis

ObjectiveParotidectomy is the most classic and unequivocal intervention for parotid neoplasm. The operative outcomes and postoperative complications of parotidectomy between harmonic scalpel and electrocautery gained more prominence in physician. In spite of much research work within the past years, there was an obvious lack of randomized controlled trial to resolve this question. Hence, a quantitative and qualitative meta-analysis was essential to evaluate the differences in these two types of hemostasis method.MethodThe major electronic databases, including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Scientific and Technological Journal databases were using the key words “electrocautery”, “electrocoagulation”, “harmonic scalpel”, “ultrasonic scalpel”, “ultrasonic dissector”, “parotidectomy” and “parotid surgery”. 9 articles were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, salivary fistula and transient facial nerve paralysis were the outcome measures. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to evaluate the effect size for categorical outcomes and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes.ResultsIn our meta-analysis, there was a significant reduction in operation time [mean difference: ?20.97; 95%CI=(?24.02,?17.92); P < 0.00001], intraoperative blood loss [mean difference: ?20.75, 95%CI=(?22.32,?19.18); P < 0.00001], hospital stay [mean difference: ?0.83; 95%CI=(?1.10,?0.57); P < 0.00001], salivary fistula [ORs: 0.30, 95%CI=(0.08,1.14)] and transient facial nerve paralysis [OR:0.33, 95%CI=(0.19,0.58),P = 0.0001] in harmonic scalpel group compared with electrocautery group.ConclusionThis meta-analysis indicated that compared with electrocautery, harmonic scalpel (HS)was transcendent in the aspects of operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, salivary fistula and transient facial nerve paralysis. The harmonic scalpel, as an efficient and useful instrument, was advocated in parotidectomy.     

南京郊区3～5岁儿童龋病流行情况及相关因素研究

目的调查南京郊区3～5岁儿童龋病的流行情况及相关因素。方法采用多阶段、随机抽样的方法抽取南京郊区384名3～5岁儿童,对其进行口腔检查并发放问卷,由家长填写后统一收回。对龋病相关因素调查结果采用χ2检验和Log-istic回归分析。结果南京郊区3～5岁儿童患龋率为60.68%,龋均及龋面均分别为2.70和4.08;年龄、甜食的喜好程度及母亲文化程度与儿童乳牙龋相关。结论南京郊区3～5岁儿童的患龋率较高,需开展早期预防工作。     

南京地区33家医院2014～2016年分子靶向抗肿瘤药应用分析

摘 要 目的：分析分子靶向抗肿瘤药的使用情况,为临床合理使用提供参考。方法：采用回顾性调查方法,对南京地区33家医院2014～2016年分子靶向抗肿瘤药物的用药金额、用药频度(DDDs)、限定日费用(DDC)及排序比(B/A)进行分析。结果：南京地区33家医院分子靶向抗肿瘤药销售金额由2014年的8 082.23万元增加至2016年的10 970.18万元,增长了35.73%。其中,单克隆抗体药的销售金额构成比逐年上升,酪氨酸激酶抑制药的销售金额构成比逐年下降。利妥昔单抗各年度销售金额均排名前列。吉非替尼连续3年DDDs排名第1,DDDs较高。大部分药物DDC相对稳定,B/A值大于1,销售金额与用药频度同步性总体较好。结论：2014～2016年南京地区分子靶向抗肿瘤药应用呈上升趋势,分子靶向药物越来越得到临床认可。     

南京地区23家医院2005～2007年抗酸药及治疗消化性溃疡药利用分析

目的:评价南京地区抗酸药及治疗消化性溃疡药的应用情况及趋势。方法:对南京地区23家医院2005～2007年抗酸药及治疗消化性溃疡药的销售金额和用药频度等进行统计、分析。结果:该地区3年中此类药的销售金额呈逐年上升趋势,但年均增长率有所减小;质子泵抑制剂销售金额及用药频度遥遥领先,年均销售金额占此类药总销售金额的80.6%。结论:疗效确切、副作用少、不良反应发生率低、用药依从性好的质子泵抑制剂已成为临床首选,其开发前景广阔。     

《难经》腧穴配伍方法探析

<难经>为我国著名的古医籍,本文分别从补母泻子配穴法、泻南补北配穴法、刺井泻荥法、四季五脏五输配穴法四个方面对<难经>的腧穴配穴方法 进行了探讨.     

凌耀星对《内经》《难经》研究的贡献

凌耀星教授是全国著名内经学专家，70余年来，从哲学、医学、临床等多角度探索《内经》真谛，阐述独特见解。1983年起研究（傩经》。通过校勘训诂释义、剖析学术渊源、考证成书年代、作者及版本源流，钩玄《难经》主要内容与学术思想。凌教授对《内经》《难经》的学术研究作出较大贡献。     

秦汉时期之伤寒热病理论溯源

秦汉时期的伤寒热病概念,大致在“伤寒则病热”宗旨下发展。病名以伤寒为总称,包括狭义伤寒、中风、湿温、热病、温病,以及风温、暑病（中暑）、中湿,病因为伤寒。《内经》强调留邪病机,部位不一,提到三套辨证方法：六经辨证、皮肌骨热辨证及五脏热辨证。《难经》中提出“伤寒有五”。《伤寒杂病论》的论述重点放在中寒即发的＂伤寒＂方面,将其中的六经辨证法发展为灵活而相对完整的辨证论治体系。