功能性消化不良与幽门螺杆菌关系探讨

功能性消化不良是一种人群中发病率很高的消化系统症状群，其发病机理未完全阐明，本文通过对２７４２例各类型功能性消化不良患者的胃粘膜的幽门螺杆菌感染情况作分析，发现动力障碍型ＨＰ阳性率６５．３％，溃疡型ＨＰ阳性率７４％，胃食管反流型ＨＰ阳性率２４％，特发型ＨＰ阳性率２１．４％，前两型与后两型的阳性率差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５），而前两型之间阳性率差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５），说明ＨＰ与动力障碍型和溃疡     

功能性消化不良患者胆囊排空的研究

目的 :了解功能性消化不良 (functionaldyspepsia ,FD)患者胆囊排空功能 ,探讨胆囊运动与FD的关系。方法 :采用放射性核素显像法检测 2 6例功能性消化不良患者 (FD组 )空腹及试餐后胆囊排空 ,并与 2 1例正常成人 (NC组 )空腹及餐后胆囊排空作比较。结果 :FD组十二指肠显像时间为 43 2± 2 6min ,对照组为 2 5 7± 3 8min ;空腹及试餐后 40、5 0、6 0min胆囊排空分数明显低于正常对照组相应时相的胆囊排空分数 ,差异有显著性意义。结论 :FD患者存在胆囊排空障碍 ,考虑系胆囊收缩无力和Oddis括约肌运动不协调所致 ,提示胆囊排空障碍是功能性消化不良的病理生理基础和病因之一。     

乐胃饮干预功能性消化不良大鼠SP和VIP的研究

[目的]通过实验研究,揭示乐胃饮治疗功能性消化不良的作用机制。[方法]Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、自然恢复组、吗叮啉组、参苓白术丸组、乐胃饮低剂量组、乐胃饮中剂量组、乐胃饮高剂量组等7组,每组6只。分别给予各组按2ml/100g按组分别灌服蒸馏水、吗叮啉、参苓白术丸液、乐胃饮低中高剂量液,每天1次,自造模结束后一天起连续给药14天。观察胃黏膜形态,检测胃肠激素SP和VIP。[结果]乐胃饮能有效增加实验鼠胃窦组织中SP和降低VIP含量。[结论]乐胃饮能提高胃肠道神经兴奋性,调节胃肠道平滑肌的收缩,这可能是乐胃饮治疗FD的主要作用机制。     

张善举教授治疗功能性消化不良临证经验

张善举教授从事中医内科临床工作近30年,对消化病的诊治有其独特的见解,选用参苓白术散加味治疗功能性消化不良,疗效甚佳。     

心理语言、穴位刺激和胃电起搏协同改善功能性消化不良的胃感觉功能

目的研究心理语言、穴位刺激、胃电起搏协同治疗方法(Coordinated Treatment of Psychological language,Acupuncture pointstimulation and Gastric pacing,CTPAG)治疗难治性功能性消化不良的临床疗效及可能机制。方法根据罗马Ⅲ标准选取80例难治性功能性消化不良患者,随机分为两组:口服药物组(n=38)和CTPAG组(n=42),比较两组受试者在症状评分、临床疗效、胃感觉功能中的差异。结果与口服药物组比较,CTPAG组中临床症状评分明显下降,疗效显著率明显升高;胃的初次饱足阈值和最大耐受阈值均明显增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心理语言、穴位刺激和胃电起搏协同治疗(CTPAG)可能通过增加胃的可耐受容积,降低内脏敏感性,达到改善早饱、腹胀、进食少等疗效;并且CTPAG组优于常规口服药物组,是难治性FD非药物治疗的一种新选择。     

Labrasol® and Salts of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Can Be Combined in Low Concentrations to Increase the Permeability of a Macromolecule Marker Across Isolated Rat Intestinal Mucosae

In addition to their solubilizing properties, excipients used in lipid-based formulations can improve intestinal permeability of macromolecules. We determined whether admixing of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) permeation enhancers with a lipoidal excipient (Labrasol^®) could potentiate transepithelial flux of a poorly permeable macromolecule (fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 4 kDa [FD4]) across rat intestinal mucosae mounted in Ussing chambers. Low concentrations of sodium caprate (C₁₀), sodium undecylenate (C_11:1), or sodium laurate (C₁₂) combined with Labrasol^® increased the apparent permeability coefficient (P_app) of FD4 to values typically seen with higher concentrations of MCFAs or Labrasol^® alone. For example, combination of C_11:1 (0.5 mg/mL) with Labrasol^® (1 mg/mL) increased the P_app of FD4 by 10- and 11-fold over the respective individual agents at the same concentrations where no enhancement was evident. The increased enhancement ratios seen with the combinations were associated with some perturbation in intestinal histology and with attenuation of an epithelial functional measure, carbachol-stimulated inward short-circuit current. In conclusion, combining three MCFAs separately with Labrasol^® increased the P_app of FD4 to values greater than those seen for MCFAs or Labrasol^® alone. Ultimately, this may permit lower concentrations of MCFA to be used in combination with other excipients in oral formulations of poorly permeable molecules.     

Genetic polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor signalling pathway in Helicobacter pylori infection and related gastric cancer

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is a progressive process initiated by Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation. Initial recognition of H. pylori involves Toll-like receptors (TLRs), central molecules in the host inflammatory response. Here, we investigated the association between novel polymorphisms in genes involved in the TLR signalling pathway, including TLR2, TLR4, LBP, MD-2, CD14 and TIRAP, and risk of H. pylori infection and related GC.

Methods

A case-control study comprising 310 ethnic Chinese individuals (87 non-cardia GC cases and 223 controls with functional dyspepsia) was conducted. Twenty-five polymorphisms were detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, PCR, PCR–RFLP and real-time PCR.

Results

Seven polymorphisms showed significant associations with GC (TLR4 rs11536889, TLR4 rs10759931, TLR4 rs1927911, TLR4 rs10116253, TLR4 rs10759932, TLR4 rs2149356 and CD14 −260 C/T). In multivariate analyses, TLR4 rs11536889 remained a risk factor for GC (OR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.20–10.65). TLR4 rs10759932 decreased the risk of H. pylori infection (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41–0.86). Statistical analyses assessing the joint effect of H. pylori infection and the selected polymorphisms revealed strong associations with GC (TLR2, TLR4, MD-2, LBP and TIRAP polymorphisms).

Conclusions

Novel polymorphisms in TLR2, TLR4, MD-2, LBP, CD14 and TIRAP, genes encoding important molecules of the TLR signalling pathway, showed clear associations with H. pylori-related GC in Chinese.     

倍频Nd:YAG激光光凝对不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力康复的影响

目的:探讨倍频Nd:YAG激光光凝对不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力康复的影响。方法:根据DRPSG(diabetic retinopathy photocoagulation study group)制定的治疗技术规定,对219例368眼分别为增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变(PPDR)和增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)用倍频Nd:YAG激光行全视网膜光凝治疗,术后3,6,12mo后复查眼底荧光血管造影。结果:PPDR患者视力提高和不变者占77.6%,PDR患者视力提高和不变者占83.4%,而高危PDR患者视力提高和不变者占65.2%。结论:倍频Nd:YAG激光治疗DR是安全有效的,选择合适的时机和合理的激光参数对不同分期DR行全视网膜光凝是确保DR患者视力康复的关键。     

甘麦大枣汤加味治疗功能性消化不良

观察甘麦大枣汤加味治疗功能性消化不良伴抑郁,焦虑情绪的疗效,设治疗组（65例）口服甘麦大枣汤加味,对照组（35例）口服西沙比利,疗程1个月。结果：治疗组对改善消化不良症状,促进胃排空率,调节情绪的疗效均优于对照组（P＜0．05）。     

洋金花有效部位及其组分对二甲基亚砜损伤的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞的保护作用

目的观察洋金花不同提取物(有效部位、醉茄甾内酯组分和黄酮组分)对二甲基亚砜(DMSO)损伤的中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞的保护作用。方法常规传代培养CHO细胞,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)法测定细胞活性。结果3%DMSO与CHO细胞共同孵育24h后,经MTT法检测细胞存活率明显下降。洋金花有效部位(10~80μg/mL)剂量依赖性增加细胞活性;洋金花醉茄甾内酯组分(30~120μg/mL)对DMSO的细胞损伤作用无明显影响,而洋金花黄酮组分(2.5~20μg/mL)呈剂量依赖性减轻DMSO对细胞的损伤作用。4.5%DMSO与CHO细胞共同孵育24h后,细胞LDH的漏出率明显增加。洋金花有效部位(10~80μg/mL)、洋金花醉茄甾内酯组分(30~120μg/mL)和洋金花黄酮组分(2.5~20μg/mL)均不能降低细胞LDH的漏出率。结论洋金花中的黄酮组分可以减轻DMSO的细胞毒性,此种药理作用可能与改善细胞线粒体的功能有关,而对细胞膜的损伤无明显保护作用。