12 840例小儿麻痹后遗症外科治疗统计分析

目的 :探讨我国现存小儿麻痹后遗症病人的年龄结构、医疗需求、手术类别及外科治疗的有关问题 ,为此类患者的治疗提供参考。方法 :回顾性分析了 1985年 9月～ 2 0 0 3年 5月之间手术治疗的小儿麻痹后遗症 12 840例 ,实施手术 3 15 62次。从病人初次手术年龄、手术部位、下肢瘫痪情况、步态及手术类别进行统计归类。结果 :首次手术年龄 2 5岁以下者 1172 1例 ,占同期病例总数的 91 2 9% ,其中下肢髋部手术占总手术的 15 2 8% ,膝部占 3 0 19% ,踝足占 48 73 % ,下肢均衡术占5 14 % ,上肢手术占 0 5 %。结论 :现存的小儿麻痹后遗症 70 %以上年龄 <3 5岁 ,5 0 %以上的农村患者既往未实施过正确的矫形手术治疗。对中国遗留的百万小儿麻痹后遗症进行系统的现代矫形外科治疗 ,仍是骨科界的一项艰巨任务     

Evaluation of monoclonal anti-D reagents using D variant cells

Monoclonal anti-D antibodies submitted to the Third Monoclonal International Workshop were evaluated against a number of D variant cells using standard serological techniques. The monoclonal antibodies were able to discriminate between the cells of Categories Va, VI and DFR but not Category III cells. Cells within each category did not give any aberrant results. The Rh:33 cells behaved as normal Rh(D) positive cells.     

中药不良反应及其发生因素

药品不良反应(ADR)问题越来越突出。2003年媒体关于中药ADR的大讨论引起海内外各界的强烈关注。本文从理清中药ADR概念入手，界定了中药ADR的范畴，并从药品、医生、药师、护士、病人、企业、管理因素以及其他社会因素等方面分析探讨了其发生原因，指出并澄清部分模糊认识，提出一些新观点和设想，以期服务于中药现代化和国际化。     

Hippocampal BOLD response during category learning predicts subsequent performance on transfer generalization

To test a prediction of our previous computational model of cortico‐hippocampal interaction (Gluck and Myers [1993, 2001]) for characterizing individual differences in category learning, we studied young healthy subjects using an fMRI‐adapted category‐learning task that has two phases, an initial phase in which associations are learned through trial‐and‐error feedback followed by a generalization phase in which previously learned rules can be applied to novel associations (Myers et al. [2003]). As expected by our model, we found a negative correlation between learning‐related hippocampal responses and accuracy during transfer, demonstrating that hippocampal adaptation during learning is associated with better behavioral scores during transfer generalization. In addition, we found an inverse relationship between Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) activity in the striatum and that in the hippocampal formation and the orbitofrontal cortex during the initial learning phase. Conversely, activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and parietal lobes dominated over that of the hippocampal formation during the generalization phase. These findings provide evidence in support of theories of the neural substrates of category learning which argue that the hippocampal region plays a critical role during learning for appropriately encoding and representing newly learned information so that that this learning can be successfully applied and generalized to subsequent novel task demands. Hum Brain Mapp 35:3122–3131, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc .     

246例乳腺影像报告和数据系统3级评分乳腺病变ER、PR和C-erbB-2表达的临床分析

目的通过对246例乳腺影像报告和数据系统(Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System,BIRADS)3级乳腺肿块的病理、雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、乳腺癌原癌基因(C-erb B-2)的表达水平进行研究统计,为BI-RADS 3级乳腺肿块是否需要手术活检或治疗提供依据。方法特选取行乳腺B超或高频X线检查BI-RADS 3级有可触及乳腺肿块或局限性增厚腺体,同时进行空芯针穿刺活检的女性患者246例(共246个肿块),对所有标本进行组织病理学检查及ER、PR、Cerb B-2检查。分析患者的影像学结果及其与病理免疫组织化学部分重要指标的关系。结果由病理结果可知,246例乳腺肿块中纤维腺瘤125例,囊肿30例,乳腺癌17例,乳管内乳头状瘤23例,腺病31例,导管扩张症20例。恶性率为6.91%。影像学表现肿块最大径≤20 mm者,其免疫组织化学指标PR阳性率高,统计学上有意义(P<0.05)。影像表现中肿块内有点状钙化,其免疫组织化学指标C-erb B-2、ER阳性率高,统计学上有意义(P<0.05)。结论本研究发现BI-RADS 3级乳腺病变存在恶性率为6.91%,所以影像表现肿块内点状钙化者或肿块最大径≥20 mm的肿块,需积极手术活检或治疗。     

2013版BI-RADS分类标准结合声触诊组织量化技术鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病灶的价值

目的 探讨2013版超声乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)分类诊断标准结合声触诊组织量化技术(VTQ)鉴别乳腺良恶性病灶的价值。方法 对251位患者共334个乳腺病灶行常规超声检查,并用BI-RADS分类诊断标准判断其良恶性;然后应用VTQ技术测量病灶的剪切波速度(SWV);以病理结果作为金标准,构建受试者的工作特征曲线,比较两种方法的诊断价值。结果 BI-RADS分类诊断标准及VTQ技术鉴别乳腺良恶性病灶的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.899、0.855,两者差异无统计学意义(z=1.367,P=0.172)。结论 BI-RADS分类诊断标准与VTQ技术结合可以提高乳腺病灶的诊断准确性。对于BI-RADS 4类的病灶,联合VTQ技术可减少不必要的穿刺活检或手术。     

Predicting long-term outcomes after cardiac arrest by using serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

Objectives

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is secreted by various tissues in pathologic states. Previous studies reported that post-cardiac arrest serum NGAL levels correlate with short-term neurologic outcomes and survival. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between NGAL levels post-cardiac arrest and long-term outcomes and survival.

乳腺结节超声BI-RADS分类3~5类的量化评分研究

目的探讨基于超声BI-RADS分类的量化评分方法在乳腺结节良恶性风险评估中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析486个最大直径>1 cm的乳腺结节,将其超声征象与患者年龄作为评分指标并进行赋值,计算每个结节的总分并根据设定的BI-RADS 3~5类的分值界限进行BI-RADS分类。绘制ROC曲线,寻找最佳诊断分值界限。结果 486个乳腺结节中良性结节368个,恶性结节118个。ROC曲线下面积为0.952,以总分9分作为诊断界值,其灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为91.52%、83.69%、85.60%。BI-RADS 3、4a、4b、4c、5类的恶性构成比分别为0%、8.06%、29.09%、65.22%、92.54%。结论基于乳腺结节超声BI-RADS分类的量化评分方法可行性大,对常规超声下乳腺结节的良恶性风险评估有较高的准确度,有助于BI-RADS分类的推广应用。