膜性肾病--重复肾活检预测其转归

1　病例摘要1 .1　病史　患者男性 ,60岁 ,因“浮肿、蛋白尿两年余 ,贫血、肾功能不全一年”于 2 0 0 2 1 0 2 2入院。缘于1 999年自觉夜尿增多 ,每晚约 5～ 6次不等。当时查血糖、尿糖均正常 ,未进一步检查。2 0 0 0 0 4 0 6无诱因地发现双下肢水肿 ,血压达 1 60 /1 1 0mmHg,当地查尿蛋白 3 ～ 4 ,诊断“肾病综合征” ,予强的松 (60mg/d× 3 0天 ,以后每 2周减 5mg)、CTX等治疗 ,水肿、蛋白尿未减轻。同年 6月住入我院行肾活检 ,组织学改变示“膜性病变伴轻～中度小管 间质病变及血管病变”。当时肾功能正常 ,无贫血 ,尿本 周蛋白检…     

显微外科技术复通输卵管手术体会

本文介绍为13例绝育术后子女夭折,妇女采用显微外科技术复通输卵管的体会,26条输卵管中行伞端再造2条,峡-峡部吻合8条;峡-壶腹部吻合6条,壶腹—壶腹吻合10条。吻合后输卵管最短3.5cm,最长8cm,术后即时通水均正常,10例定期随访,时间为4月     

系膜增殖性肾炎伴急性间质性肾炎

系膜增殖性肾炎伴急性间质性肾炎陈惠萍，张景红许多类型的肾小球肾炎可以存在程度不一的肾间质、小管损害；在原有肾小球疾病的基础上也能发生急、慢性间质性肾炎［１、２］。由于二者的临床经过与预后、治疗完全不同，因而必须加以区分，对症治之。现就笔者近期遇到的一...     

急性间质性肾炎的临床和病理研究

急性间质性肾炎的临床和病理研究陈惠萍，黎磊石，王建平ＡＣＬＩＮＩＣＯＰＡＴＨＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＡＣＵＴＥＩＮＴＥＲＳＴＩＴＩＡＬＮＥＰＨＲＩＴＩＳ（ＡＩＮ）ＣｈｅｎＨｕｉｐｉｎｇ；ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｎｇｈｏｎｇ；ＬｉＬｅｉｓｈｉ，ｅｔａｌ．（...     

老年人常见的肾脏疾病

在人类衰老过程中,肾脏是改变最为突出的脏器之一;老年人的全身性疾病,中毒、缺血、药物等诸因素极易损伤储备功能已经下降的肾脏,重者发生不可逆性的肾功能衰竭。本文重点讨论老年人常见的肾脏疾病。     

移植肾病理诊断的分类及各型病理特征

肾移植是治疗终末期肾功能衰竭的主要方法之一。尽管90年代初由于环抱素A（CsA）的广泛应用，使尸体肾移植患者1年生存率提高到91．2％，但令人遗憾的是移植肾术后肾功能不全的发生率仍较高，其中急性排斥反应的发生率仍高达30％-50％[AmJKidnepDis，1993，22（Suppe2）：46]。临床实践发现，仅凭临床症状体征有时难以明确移植肾功能不全的原因。因此，到目前为止，肾活检仍是公认的对排斥诊断既安全又可靠的方法，其敏感性和特异性均超过放射性核素，细针抽吸活检及超声检查，文献报告经皮肾活检病理诊断可纠正约40％的仅凭临床表现所…     

The clinical and pathological characteristics of Chinese patients with pauci-immune crescent golmerulonephritis

Objective　To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of pauci-immune crescent glomerulo～nephritis (PICGN) in Chinese patients. Methods　During 13 years (1985-1998), 6400 patients underwent non-transplanting renal biopsy. Twenty-four patients were diagnosed as PICGN. All clinical and laboratory data of these patients were collected from the patients’ records and used for detailed analysis. The diagnosis is based on clinico-pathologic findings. Results　Of the 24 patients, 16 were females and 8 were males, with median age of 33 years (ranged 10-76 years). Microscopic polyarteritis (MPA) (33.3%) and systemic vasculitis (8.3%) were the secondary diseases. The incidence of PICGN was 0.38% in renal biopsies and 22.9% in crescentic glomerulonephritis. Clinically, most patients (75.0%) showed rapidly progressive nephritis with enlarged kidneys. At onset, gross hematuria was noted in 58.3% of patients, hypertension in 45.8%, nephrotic syndrome in 41.7%, and oliguria in 25.0%. However, systemic symptoms were rare except for anemia. Pathologically, necrosis of glomerular capillaries (62.5%), infiltration of monocytes and neutrophil cells in glomeruli (66.7%), and vasculitis in the interstitium (53.3%) were observed. In addition, glomerulosclerosis was noted in 45.8%, severe tubular atrophy in 83.3% and interstitial fibrosis in 75.0%. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) were positive in 52.2%. All patients except two received intensively immunosuppressive therapy. Sixteen patients were available for long-term follow up (median 29.8 months, range 8-92 months). Twelve of them had life-sustaining renal function, four had normal serum creatinine (<124?μmol/L) and only 4 patients were dialysis-dependent. Conclusion　PICGN is not rare in China. Early diagnosis and administration of immunosuppressive therapy, particularly in patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), are important for good prognosis.     

寡免疫复合物型新月体肾炎的临床病理分析(英文)

目的　对寡免疫复合物型新月体肾炎进行临床病理分析。方法　采用病理检查包括 :光镜检查、免疫病理分析、血清学检查、肾功能检查以及统计学分析。结果　 6 4 0 0例非移植肾活检中发现 2 4例寡免疫复合物型新月体肾炎 (PICGN)患者 ,占肾活检总数的 0 37% ,占新月体肾炎总数的 2 3 9% ,其中女性 16例 ,男性 8例 ,平均年龄 33岁。血管炎中微型多动脉炎 (33 3% )和结节性多动脉炎 (8 3% )为常见继发病因。抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体 (ANCA)阳性率为 52 2 %。临床上多表现为急进性肾功能减退 (75 0 % ) ,发作性肉眼血尿发生率高 (58 3% ) ,高血压发生率为 4 5 8% ,肾病综合症发生率为 4 1 7% ,2 5%患者出现少尿无尿症状。除贫血外 ,肾外表现较少。病理上血管襻坏死 (6 2 5% )、单核及中性粒细胞浸润(6 6 7% )及小血管炎等为常见的急性病变 ;然而 ,小球硬化 (4 5 8% )、小管萎缩 (83 3% )、间质纤维化 (75 0 % )等慢性化病变也较严重。 2 2例患者行免疫抑制治疗 ,16例随访 8— 92个月 ,有 4例肾功能在正常范围 (<12 4 μmol/L) ,8例行非透析保守治疗 ,仅 4例进入终末期肾功能衰竭需进行维持性血透析治疗。结论　免疫抑制冲击治疗是治疗PICGN的有效方法。