诊断期乳腺癌患者的心理状态研究

目的:采用量性和质性研究的方法,研究乳腺癌患者诊断期间的心理状态。方法:运用非精神科住院患者心理状态评定量表、非精神科住院患者心理状态原因问卷于术前1 d调查99例患者,并按一般人口学资料分层比较。从99例中选取21例,运用半结构化访谈提纲进行访谈。结果:患者心理状态总分及各因子分均高于常模,并和心理状态原因总分、疾病认知相关。一般资料分层比较中,家庭月经济收入、婚姻状况、性格特征、负性生活事件分层有统计学意义。患者心理体验主题为患病的震惊、焦虑和恐惧、未及时就医、侥幸心理、生命的渴望和关爱的需求。结论:患者诊断期间存在焦虑、抑郁、愤怒、孤独等心理状态,与疾病认知、就医环境、社会支持等有关,并存在着对疾病、对生命、对相关知识等多方面的心理体验。     

Effect of thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ in adult rat hippocampus

Objective To observe the effect of different thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ(Syt Ⅰ) in adult rat hippocampus. Methods All 28 adult male SD rats were assigned randomly into hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and control group, hypothyroid group was established by daily intraperitoneal injections with propylthiou raci(PTU, 10.0 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks and hyperthyroid group with L-Thyroxine (L-T4, 0.5 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks. Radioimmunity method was used to assay the levels of serum T3 and T4, immunohistochemical S-P technology to assay the levels of Syt Ⅰ protein in hippoeampus CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG). The layers analyzed in the different subfields include the polymorphic cell layer(the stratum oriens, SO), pyramidal cell layer(PCL), stratum radiatum (SR), lacunosum-molecular layer (SLM) in CA1 and CA3, granular cell layer(GL) and molecular layer(ML) in DG. Results The levels of serum T3 and T4[(0.34±0.12), (41.03± 11.37)nmol/L]in the hypothyroid rats were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.65±0.15), (55.20±10.68)nmol/L, P < 0.01 or < 0.05], and the positive granule of Syt Ⅰ was significantly lower in PCL and SR of CA1 and CA3, GL of DG. The average optical value responsible for Syt Ⅰ immunoreactivity was obviously reduced in SO(0.048±0.007), PCL(0.299±0.035), SR(0.042±0.007), SLM(0.038±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.085± 0.019), SR(0.040±0.011), SLM (0.038±0.006) of CA3, GL (0.076±0.019) of DG than normal controls (0.068± 0.014, 0.376±0.053, 0.053±0.008,0.056±0.009,0.118±0.026,0.052±0.010,0.053±0.009,0.099±0.015; P< 0.01 or < 0.05). Serum T3 and T4 levels [(1.43±0.30), (157.18±19.95)nmol/L]of hyperthyroid rats were significantly higher than those of control group(P < 0.01). The value was reduced in PCL(0.322±0.050), SR(0.039±0.006), SLM (0.042±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.098±0.034), SR(0.046±0.013), SLM(0.046±0.010) of CA3 and GL(0.085± 0.024), ML (0.042±0.009) of DG (P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion Adult-onset of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can reversibly decrease the expression of Syt Ⅰ in CA1, CA3 and DG regions of hippocampus.     

胃癌术后患者肠内营养喂养不足循证预防护理方案的应用及评价

目的评价基于循证的胃癌患者术后肠内营养喂养不足预防护理方案的应用效果。方法将94例胃癌患者按时间段分为对照组和研究组各47例。对照组按常规肠内营养护理,研究组按基于循证构建的胃癌手术患者肠内营养喂养不足预防护理干预方案进行护理。结果研究组肠内营养喂养不足发生率显著低于对照组,术后营养状况显著优于对照组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论应用循证预防护理方法优化肠内营养护理流程,可减少胃癌患者术后肠内营养喂养不足的发生,改善患者营养状况。     

Effect of thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ in adult rat hippocampus

Objective To observe the effect of different thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ(Syt Ⅰ) in adult rat hippocampus. Methods All 28 adult male SD rats were assigned randomly into hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and control group, hypothyroid group was established by daily intraperitoneal injections with propylthiou raci(PTU, 10.0 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks and hyperthyroid group with L-Thyroxine (L-T4, 0.5 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks. Radioimmunity method was used to assay the levels of serum T3 and T4, immunohistochemical S-P technology to assay the levels of Syt Ⅰ protein in hippoeampus CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG). The layers analyzed in the different subfields include the polymorphic cell layer(the stratum oriens, SO), pyramidal cell layer(PCL), stratum radiatum (SR), lacunosum-molecular layer (SLM) in CA1 and CA3, granular cell layer(GL) and molecular layer(ML) in DG. Results The levels of serum T3 and T4[(0.34±0.12), (41.03± 11.37)nmol/L]in the hypothyroid rats were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.65±0.15), (55.20±10.68)nmol/L, P < 0.01 or < 0.05], and the positive granule of Syt Ⅰ was significantly lower in PCL and SR of CA1 and CA3, GL of DG. The average optical value responsible for Syt Ⅰ immunoreactivity was obviously reduced in SO(0.048±0.007), PCL(0.299±0.035), SR(0.042±0.007), SLM(0.038±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.085± 0.019), SR(0.040±0.011), SLM (0.038±0.006) of CA3, GL (0.076±0.019) of DG than normal controls (0.068± 0.014, 0.376±0.053, 0.053±0.008,0.056±0.009,0.118±0.026,0.052±0.010,0.053±0.009,0.099±0.015; P< 0.01 or < 0.05). Serum T3 and T4 levels [(1.43±0.30), (157.18±19.95)nmol/L]of hyperthyroid rats were significantly higher than those of control group(P < 0.01). The value was reduced in PCL(0.322±0.050), SR(0.039±0.006), SLM (0.042±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.098±0.034), SR(0.046±0.013), SLM(0.046±0.010) of CA3 and GL(0.085± 0.024), ML (0.042±0.009) of DG (P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion Adult-onset of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can reversibly decrease the expression of Syt Ⅰ in CA1, CA3 and DG regions of hippocampus.     

Effect of thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ in adult rat hippocampus

Objective To observe the effect of different thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ(Syt Ⅰ) in adult rat hippocampus. Methods All 28 adult male SD rats were assigned randomly into hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and control group, hypothyroid group was established by daily intraperitoneal injections with propylthiou raci(PTU, 10.0 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks and hyperthyroid group with L-Thyroxine (L-T4, 0.5 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks. Radioimmunity method was used to assay the levels of serum T3 and T4, immunohistochemical S-P technology to assay the levels of Syt Ⅰ protein in hippoeampus CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG). The layers analyzed in the different subfields include the polymorphic cell layer(the stratum oriens, SO), pyramidal cell layer(PCL), stratum radiatum (SR), lacunosum-molecular layer (SLM) in CA1 and CA3, granular cell layer(GL) and molecular layer(ML) in DG. Results The levels of serum T3 and T4[(0.34±0.12), (41.03± 11.37)nmol/L]in the hypothyroid rats were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.65±0.15), (55.20±10.68)nmol/L, P < 0.01 or < 0.05], and the positive granule of Syt Ⅰ was significantly lower in PCL and SR of CA1 and CA3, GL of DG. The average optical value responsible for Syt Ⅰ immunoreactivity was obviously reduced in SO(0.048±0.007), PCL(0.299±0.035), SR(0.042±0.007), SLM(0.038±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.085± 0.019), SR(0.040±0.011), SLM (0.038±0.006) of CA3, GL (0.076±0.019) of DG than normal controls (0.068± 0.014, 0.376±0.053, 0.053±0.008,0.056±0.009,0.118±0.026,0.052±0.010,0.053±0.009,0.099±0.015; P< 0.01 or < 0.05). Serum T3 and T4 levels [(1.43±0.30), (157.18±19.95)nmol/L]of hyperthyroid rats were significantly higher than those of control group(P < 0.01). The value was reduced in PCL(0.322±0.050), SR(0.039±0.006), SLM (0.042±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.098±0.034), SR(0.046±0.013), SLM(0.046±0.010) of CA3 and GL(0.085± 0.024), ML (0.042±0.009) of DG (P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion Adult-onset of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can reversibly decrease the expression of Syt Ⅰ in CA1, CA3 and DG regions of hippocampus.     

干血纸片直接扩增法的改进

干血纸片直接扩增法的改进吴冠芸，朱宁宁，赵艳君，范钰，龙桂芳血液样品点在纸上，干燥后可长期保存，便于运输，ＳｃｈＷａｒｔｚ等［１，２］报道了干血纸片直接ＰＣＲ扩增ＤＮＡ，较ＭｃＣａｋｅ等［３，４］将干血斑从纸上洗下，经过简单的处理，再进行扩增的方法要...     

连续硬膜外镇痛术用于重症胸外伤

镇痛术不仅用于手术后、产科、晚期癌症患者的镇痛,更在重症创伤病例的抢救中有不可忽视的作用。典型病例如下: 男性,39岁,因汽车挤压伤致右2～8肋骨多发性骨折、右肩胛骨骨折伴血气胸、左2～7肋骨骨折伴创伤性湿肺及左锁骨骨折,急诊入院,患者呈休克状态。经胸壁固定包扎,持续同步面罩呼气末正压通气,抑制反常呼吸,右胸置闭式引流管,引流血液1500ml之多。急救措施     

家庭肠内营养患者营养治疗依从性及其影响因素的研究进展

家庭肠内营养是院内营养治疗的延伸,应用范围广泛。患者的依从性程度对确保家庭肠内营养治疗效果的有效性和安全性十分重要。本文综述了目前国内外家庭肠内营养患者营养治疗依从性的现状、主要评价方法及影响因素,并提出对策,以期促进临床更加重视家庭肠内营养患者营养治疗依从性的监测和管理。     

消化内科医护人员对炎症性肠病患者家庭肠内营养认知水平与管理行为的调查

目的 了解江苏省消化内科医护人员对炎症性肠病患者家庭肠内营养管理的认知和行为现状,并分析其影响因素,为构建炎症性肠病家庭肠内营养管理方案提供依据。方法 2020年9月-12月,采用自行设计的调查问卷,对江苏省52所医院的消化内科医护人员进行调查。结果 医护人员对家庭肠内营养管理的认知得分（22.28±2.98）分;行为得分（17.02±3.65）分。单因素相关回归分析显示,是否参加过相关培训是认知得分的影响因素;工作年限、是否参加过相关培训和态度得分是行为得分的影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论 医护人员对IBD患者家庭肠内营养管理认知较好,但行为有待进一步加强,有必要加强相关培训和亟需构建一套规范化的管理方案。