卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

绝经后阴道不规则出血7年

患者 ,女 ,6 1岁。因绝经 1 0年 ,阴道不规则出血 7年 ,于 1 999年 4月 1 9日入院。患者平素月经规律 ,初潮 1 4岁 ,5～ 6 /2 8～ 30天 ,量中 ,无痛经 ,亦无不规则阴道出血。 1 0年前自然绝经。 7年前无明显诱因出现阴道出血 ,色鲜红 ,量较多 ,无烂肉状组织等排出。外院给予止血药等对症治疗后血止。 3年前又出血 ,行对症治疗。 1 999年 1月再次阴道出血 ,持续 7～ 8天。患者自发病以来 ,每次出血量约为 1 0 0ｍｌ,发作前无不适。患者自发病以来 ,体重无下降 ,无发热 ,白带不多 ,无异味 ,大小便正常。入院查体 :体温 :36 5°Ｃ ,脉搏 :76次…     

绝经后阴道不规则出血7年(病案讨论见本期第60页)

患者,女,61岁.因绝经10年,阴道不规则出血7年,于1999年4月19日入院.患者平素月经规律,初潮14岁,5～6/28～30天,量中,无痛经,亦无不规则阴道出血.10年前自然绝经.7年前无明显诱因出现阴道出血,色鲜红,量较多,无烂肉状组织等排出.外院给予止血药等对症治疗后血止.3年前又出血,行对症治疗.1999年1月再次阴道出血,持续7～8天.患者自发病以来,每次出血量约为100ml,发作前无不适.患者自发病以来,体重无下降,无发热,白带不多,无异味,大小便正常.     

子宫腺肌症患者临床特点回顾性分析

目的研究子宫腺肌症患者临床特点,为子宫腺肌症患者的临床管理提供理论基础。方法收集2012年3月至2015年9月于北京协和医院妇产科手术且确诊的291例子宫腺肌症患者资料,对临床检查结果进行统计学分析。结果子宫腺肌症患者发病的中位年龄为[34(29.0,40.0)]岁,确诊的中位年龄为[40(35.0,44.0)]岁。所有纳入患者中,9.3%的患者无症状,17.5%的患者因不孕症就诊,39.5%的患者发现月经异常,71.8%的患者伴疼痛症状。38.8%的患者合并子宫内膜异位症,58.1%的患者合并子宫肌瘤。72.4%的患者术前发现血清糖类抗原125(CA125)升高,超声扫描结果显示85.6%的患者子宫肌层的回声不均匀。接受子宫病灶切除术的患者208位(71.5%),接受全子宫切除伴或不伴附件切除术的患者83位(28.5%);接受经腹手术、腹腔镜手术及宫腔镜手术患者的比例分别为37.8%、59.5%和2.7%。结论子宫腺肌症患者发病年龄较轻,多伴有月经异常、疼痛及不孕症状,合并症以卵巢的子宫内膜异位症多见。因此,应根据子宫腺肌症患者的临床表现及生育要求制定个体化治疗方案。     

卵巢成熟畸胎瘤695例临床分析

目的分析695例成熟畸胎瘤病例的临床特点.方法病例来自于北京协和医院1990年～2000年间住院的卵巢成熟畸胎瘤病例,共695例,建立数据库后对其临床特点进行分析.结果卵巢成熟畸胎瘤是育龄期妇女所常见的一种疾病,占卵巢良性肿瘤的52.7%.平均年龄32.4±10.2,20～40岁之间的病例占总数的72.3%.绝经后占总例数的4.2%.平均孕次1.55次,平均产次0.67次.60.4%的患者是在妇科查体时发现的,4.6%患者自己发现腹部有包块存在,7.5%是在其它手术中无意之间发现的.47.5%的患者无任何不适症状,33.4%的患者有腹痛的症状,8.2%患者有急腹症症状,4.2%患者有腹胀症状.其中合并妊娠者占10.3%.术前检查中,下腹平片的阳性率在63.3%,主要为钙化影(占其中的67.9%).术前B超检查提示的以混合性包块的表现居多(82.3%),其中65.8%在术前即可通过B超提示畸胎瘤的诊断.肿瘤标记物CA125升高者占19.6%,而αFP及βhCG阳性者罕见.腹腔镜手术在我院近年来的比例逐渐提高,与相对开腹手术而言,在缩短平均住院日、减少术中出血量、缩短手术时间上均较开腹手术具有优势.肿瘤以单侧为多见,占85.8%,右侧略高于左侧(45.2%和40.6%),双侧者占14.2%.肿瘤平均最大径在7.2±3.4cm,单房占75.4%,多房占24.6%.手术中对另一侧卵巢的情况进行分析,发现在459例肉眼末发现异常表现者行剖探术,仅有1例(0.22%)有阳性发现.肿瘤的组成成份仍以毛发、油脂为常见,而神经、甲状腺、肠管为罕见成份.并发症以扭转最为常见(占7.5%),发生扭转的肿瘤平均最大径在10.2±4.5cm,较未发生扭转者大.扭转的概率随肿瘤的增大而增加,当肿瘤最大径在6cm以下时,发生扭转的机率小于4.4%,而在8cm以上时,扭转的发生的机率在10%以上.破裂、感染、恶性变均为罕见的并发症.本组中复发性肿瘤36例,其术后复发的时间平均为8.1年.随诊6年内的肿瘤复发情况提示6年内的累积复发率为5.4%;开腹手术与腹腔镜手术术后复发率相当对于单侧肿瘤,行一侧肿瘤剔除术和一卵巢切除术术后复发率无差别双侧肿瘤术后的复发率明显高于单侧肿瘤(分别为25.8%和1.7%,P＜0.001);多房肿瘤的复发率也高于单房肿瘤(13.7%和2.7%);对于单侧肿瘤,术后对侧卵巢肉眼末见异常者,未行剖探术和行剖探术术后的复发率和妊娠率无明显差别.结论①在卵巢成熟畸胎瘤的处理上腹腔镜手术要优于开腹手术;②如术中肉眼见对侧卵巢无异常时,可以考虑不行剖探术;③肿瘤最大径大于8cm时,发生扭转的机率将大为增加;④肿瘤复发与保守手术的方式关系不大,但是双侧的、多房的、含有骨质成份的肿瘤,其复发率相对较高.     

COMPLICATIONS IN LAPAROSCOPIC GYNECOLOGIC SURGERY

Objective. To investigate retrospectively the complications and associated factors of gynecological laparescopies.Methods. 1769 laparoscopic surgeries were carried out from January 1994 to October 1999 at our department. The procedures included 1421 surgeries of ovary and tube, 52 myomectomies and 296 cases of laproscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). A total of 312 patients had a history of prior laparotomy (17.6%). Results. Complications occured in 34 cases, the overall complication rate was 1.92%. Unintended laparotomies occured in 6 cases(0.34% ). 12 complications were associated with insertion of Veress needle or trocar and creation of pneumoperitoneum, including 5 severe emphysema and 7 vascular injuries, this figure represents 35.3% of all complications of this series. Five intraopemtive complications (14.7 % ) occured during the laparescopic surgery (3 severe bleedings, one bladder injury and one skin bum of leg caused by damaged electrode plate), laparotomy was re-quired in four of these cases. Seventeen complications occured during postoperative stage: 2 intraperitoneal hemor-rhages needing laparotomy, 2 bowel injuries, 4 nerve paresis and 9 febrile morbidities. Cordusions. Operative gynecologic laparoscopy is associated with acceptable morbidity rate, but can not be over-looked. Complication rate seems to be higher in advanced procedures such as LAVH.     

第31届美国腹腔镜医师协会会议纪要

第31届美国腹腔镜医师协会(AAGL)国际会议于2002年11月20日至24日在美国佛罗里达州迈阿密召开。与会者逾1000人，4位中国大陆妇产科医师参加了会议，5篇论文被选入会议发言。此次会议内容丰富，交流形式多样，主要特点：(1)交流形式除发言、壁报，还有录相与手术演示；(2)除介绍腹腔镜、宫腔镜的手术进展外，特别重视对手术     

“卵巢囊肿”:女性健康的隐患

近年来,各大医院的妇科病房里,长了卵巢囊肿的女性患者越来越多,卵巢囊肿已成了一种常见的妇科疾病。今天,就让我们来全面认识一下卵巢囊肿——这一女性健康的隐患。     

绝经后卵巢良性肿瘤147例分析

绝经后妇女发现附件包块，首先要考虑到是否有恶性肿瘤存在的可能性，然而绝大多数为绝经后良性卵巢肿瘤。有关卵巢恶性肿瘤的分析报道不少见，而绝经后卵巢良性肿瘤的大样本报道不多，本文特就绝经后卵巢良性肿瘤的病例作一分析，报道如下。     

罕见的腹壁异位子宫内膜癌肉瘤变一例报告及文献复习

子宫内膜异位症(内异症)为生育年龄妇女的常见病，其发病率为10％-15％。尽管内异症为良性病变，但有一定的恶变率。一般认为，内异症恶变主要发生在卵巢，病理类型多为子宫内膜样癌或透明细胞癌，其他部位恶变或恶变的其他病理组织学类型发生较少。本文报道1例卵巢外异位内膜癌肉瘤变，并结合文献报道，探讨其组织发生、诊断及治疗问题。