全文获取类型
收费全文 | 376篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 12篇 |
妇产科学 | 2篇 |
基础医学 | 23篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 27篇 |
内科学 | 98篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1篇 |
神经病学 | 24篇 |
特种医学 | 25篇 |
外科学 | 105篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 14篇 |
眼科学 | 2篇 |
药学 | 28篇 |
肿瘤学 | 13篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 24篇 |
2013年 | 24篇 |
2012年 | 30篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 33篇 |
2007年 | 23篇 |
2006年 | 34篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 24篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有384条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
1.
Rajnish S. Dave Ravi K. Sharma Roshell R. Muir Elias Haddad Sanjeev Gumber Francois Villinger Artinder P. Nehra Zafar K. Khan Brian Wigdahl Aftab A. Ansari Siddappa N. Byrareddy Pooja Jain 《Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology》2018,13(2):204-218
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drains via the lymphatic drainage pathway. This lymphatic pathway connects the central nervous system (CNS) to the cervical lymph node (CLN). As the CSF drains to CLN via the dural and nasal lymphatics, T cells and antigen presenting cells pass along the channels from the subarachnoid space through the cribriform plate. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may also egress from the CNS along this pathway. As a result, HIV egressing from the CNS may accumulate within the CLN. Towards this objective, we analyzed CLNs isolated from rhesus macaques that were chronically-infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We detected significant accumulation of SIV within the CLNs. SIV virion trapping was observed on follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) localized within the follicular regions of CLNs. In addition, SIV antigens formed immune complexes when FDCs interacted with B cells within the germinal centers. Subsequent interaction of these B cells with CD4+ T follicular helper cells (TFHs) resulted in infection of the latter. Of note, 73% to 90% of the TFHs cells within CLNs were positive for SIV p27 antigen. As such, it appears that not only do the FDCs retain SIV they also transmit them (via B cells) to TFHs within these CLNs. This interaction results in infection of TFHs in the CLNs. Based on these observations, we infer that FDCs within the CLNs have a novel role in SIV entrapment with implications for viral trafficking. 相似文献
2.
Rajnish Mehrotra Vanessa Ravel Elani Streja Sooraj Kuttykrishnan Scott V. Adams Ronit Katz Miklos Z. Molnar Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh 《Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology》2015,10(11):1990-2001
Background and objectives
Although a peritoneal equilibration test yields data on three parameters (4-hour dialysate/plasma creatinine, 4- to 0-hour dialysate glucose, and 4-hour ultrafiltration volume), all studies have focused on the prognostic value of dialysate/plasma creatinine for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Because dialysate 4- to 0-hour glucose and ultrafiltration volume may be superior in predicting daily ultrafiltration, the likely mechanism for the association of peritoneal equilibration test results with outcomes, we hypothesized that they are superior to dialysate/plasma creatinine for risk prediction.Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We examined unadjusted and adjusted associations of three peritoneal equilibration test parameters with all-cause mortality, technique failure, and hospitalization rate in 10,142 patients on peritoneal dialysis treated between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2011 in 764 dialysis facilities operated by a single large dialysis organization in the United States, with a median follow–up period of 15.8 months; 87% were treated with automated peritoneal dialysis.Results
Demographic and clinical parameters explained only 8% of the variability in dialysate/plasma creatinine. There was a linear association between dialysate/plasma creatinine and mortality (adjusted hazards ratio per 0.1 unit higher, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.13) and hospitalization rate (adjusted incidence rate ratio per 0.1 unit higher, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.06). Dialysate/plasma creatinine and dialysate glucose were highly correlated (r=−0.84) and yielded similar risk prediction. Ultrafiltration volume was inversely related with hospitalization rate but not with all-cause mortality. None of the parameters were associated with technique failure. Adding 4- to 0-hour dialysate glucose, ultrafiltration volume, or both did not result in any improvement in risk prediction with dialysate/plasma creatinine alone.Conclusions
This analysis from a large contemporary cohort treated primarily with automated peritoneal dialysis validates dialysate/plasma creatinine as a robust predictor of outcomes in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. 相似文献3.
4.
5.
Hossein Kalantari Rajnish Jaiswal Isaac Bruck Hussein Matari Farzaneh Ghobadi Jeremy Weedon Getaw Worku Hassen 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2013,31(11):1595-1597
BackgroundTraditionally, intracranial pressure is measured by direct ventriculostomy, which is invasive. Noninvasive measures such as bedside ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been advocated and utilized recently to assess the intracranial pressure. The role of this study is to determine the degree of agreement between measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and MethodsRetrospective chart review of 100 consecutive patients who had both MRI and CT scan of the head from January 1, 2011, until March 31, 2013, at our center was performed. A discrepancy of 0.2 mm between the 2 measurements was set as acceptable difference. The measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) were compared for agreement between the 2 modalities using the method by Bland and Altman.ResultsA total of 100 patients with both MRI and CT scan of the head were selected. Of these 100 patients, 24 were male and 76 were female. The average age was 63 years. No ONSD abnormality was detected in any of the patients. The discrepancy in measurements of the ONSD between CT and MRI in transverse plane was less than the predetermined cut-off value of 0.2 mm. Within-subject variance was estimated at 0.0058 for both CT and MRI.ConclusionComparable results without significant discrepancy as predetermined by the study groups were obtained from CT scan. Measurement of ONSD by CT scan can be used to indirectly asses the intracranial pressure in addition to clinical assessment and other signs of increased intracranial pressure on CT scan. 相似文献
6.
N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara Babu L. Tekwani H. M. T. Bandara Herath Rajnish Sahu Montip Gettayacamin Anchalee Tungtaeng Yvonne van Gessel Paul Baresel Kristina S. Wickham Marilyn S. Bartlett Frank R. Fronczek Victor Melendez Colin Ohrt Gregory A. Reichard James D. McChesney Rosemary Rochford Larry A. Walker 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2014,58(8):4737-4744
Hematotoxicity in individuals genetically deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity is the major limitation of primaquine (PQ), the only antimalarial drug in clinical use for treatment of relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria. PQ is currently clinically used in its racemic form. A scalable procedure was developed to resolve racemic PQ, thus providing pure enantiomers for the first time for detailed preclinical evaluation and potentially for clinical use. These enantiomers were compared for antiparasitic activity using several mouse models and also for general and hematological toxicities in mice and dogs. (+)-(S)-PQ showed better suppressive and causal prophylactic activity than (−)-(R)-PQ in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Similarly, (+)-(S)-PQ was a more potent suppressive agent than (−)-(R)-PQ in a mouse model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. However, at higher doses, (+)-(S)-PQ also showed more systemic toxicity for mice. In beagle dogs, (+)-(S)-PQ caused more methemoglobinemia and was toxic at 5 mg/kg of body weight/day given orally for 3 days, while (−)-(R)-PQ was well tolerated. In a novel mouse model of hemolytic anemia associated with human G6PD deficiency, it was also demonstrated that (−)-(R)-PQ was less hemolytic than (+)-(S)-PQ for the G6PD-deficient human red cells engrafted in the NOD-SCID mice. All these data suggest that while (+)-(S)-PQ shows greater potency in terms of antiparasitic efficacy in rodents, it is also more hematotoxic than (−)-(R)-PQ in mice and dogs. Activity and toxicity differences of PQ enantiomers in different species can be attributed to their different pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles. Taken together, these studies suggest that (−)-(R)-PQ may have a better safety margin than the racemate in human. 相似文献
7.
8.
Endogenous Opioid Function and Responses to Morphine: The Moderating Effects of Anger Expressiveness
John W. Burns Stephen Bruehl Christopher R. France Erik Schuster Daria Orlowska Melissa Chont Rajnish K. Gupta Asokumar Buvanendran 《The journal of pain》2017,18(8):923-932
Long-term use of opioid analgesics may be ineffective or associated with significant negative side effects for some people. At present, there is no sound method of identifying optimal opioid candidates. Individuals with chronic low back pain (n = 89) and healthy control individuals (n = 102) underwent ischemic pain induction with placebo, opioid blockade (naloxone), and morphine in counterbalanced order. They completed the Spielberger Anger-Out subscale. Endogenous opioid function × Anger-out × Pain status (chronic pain, healthy control) interactions were tested for morphine responses to ischemic threshold, tolerance, and pain intensity (McGill Sensory and Affective subscales) and side effects. For individuals with chronic pain and healthy control participants, those with low endogenous opioid function and low anger-out scores exhibited the largest morphine analgesic responses, whereas those with high anger-out and low endogenous opioid function showed relatively weaker morphine analgesic responses. Further, individuals with chronic pain with low endogenous opioid function and low anger-out scores also reported the fewest negative effects to morphine, whereas those with low endogenous opioid function and high anger-out reported the most. Findings point toward individuals with chronic pain who may strike a favorable balance of good analgesia with few side effects, as well as those who have an unfavorable balance of poor analgesia and many side effects.
Perspective
We sought to identify optimal candidates for opioid pain management. Low back pain patients who express anger and also have deficient endogenous opioid function may be poor candidates for opioid therapy. In contrast, low back patients who tend not to express anger and who also have deficient endogenous opioid function may make optimal candidates for opioid therapy. 相似文献9.
10.
Sharma Himani Sharma Parul Sharma Rajnish 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2018,88(1):191-198
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - A rationale use of the genetic resources in breeding programs requires an understanding of relationships... 相似文献