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Iryna Boiko Daniel Golparian Inna Krynytska Magnus Unemo 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2019,127(9):627-634
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain major public health problems globally. Appropriate laboratory diagnosis of STIs is rare in Ukraine. We investigated the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) using the US FDA‐approved Aptima Combo 2 and Aptima TV assays and compared the results with the conventional routine diagnostic tests (CDTs) in Ukraine. Urogenital swabs from consecutive mostly symptomatic females (n = 296) and males (n = 159) were examined. The prevalences were as follows: 10% (n = 47) of TV, 5.3% (n = 24) of CT and 1.5% (n = 7) of NG. The specificity of some CDTs was high, for example, 100% for NG culture, TV IgG ELISA, CT IgM ELISA and CT microscopy, but lower for other CDTs, that is, from 44% to 99.8%. The sensitivity of all CDTs was suboptimal, that is, 71% (n = 5) for NG microscopy, 57% (n = 4) for NG culture, 53% (n = 8) for CT IgG ELISA, 33% (n = 1) for TV IgG ELISA, 28% (n = 13) for TV microscopy, 25% (n = 1) for CT IgA ELISA, 20% (n = 3) for CT IgM ELISA and 0% (n = 0) for CT microscopy. The prevalences of particularly TV and CT were high, but substantial also for NG, in Ternopil, Ukraine. The sensitivities of all CDTs were low, and widespread implementation of validated, quality‐assured and cost‐effective molecular diagnostic STI tests in Ukraine is imperative. 相似文献
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Ingigerður S. Sverrisdóttir Sigrún H. Lund Ingemar Turesson Magnus Björkholm Lynn R. Goldin Ola Landgren Sigurður Y. Kristinsson 《British journal of haematology》2019,186(1):37-44
Parental longevity is associated with an increased life expectancy; results with regard to specific diseases are conflicting. There are limited data focusing on host characteristics and their effect on survival among multiple myeloma (MM) patients and individuals with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the impact of parental longevity on survival of patients with MM and MGUS. A total of 4675 patients with MM, 6812 MGUS patients and 13 398 population-based controls for MM as well as 19 110 controls for MGUS, from 1988 to 2013, were included in the study. Longevity was defined as >90 years of age. Among MM patients, parental longevity was associated with a decreased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) = 0·92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·84–0·99] and the same was true for MGUS patients (HR = 0·87, 95% CI 0·78–0·96). Having one long lived parent significantly decreased the risk of death in both groups, but was not statistically significant when both parents exceeded 90 years of age. In conclusion, parental longevity decreases the risk of death for patients with MM and MGUS which may reflect the importance of the host's genetic and environmental factors in relation to survival. 相似文献
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Katariina Saarentausta Lovisa Ivarsson Susanne Jacobsson Bjrn Herrmann Martin Sundqvist Magnus Unemo 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2022,130(1):34-42
The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the societies and health care systems globally, and resulted in many social and physical distancing restrictions to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2. These restrictions have also likely affected the frequency of intimate contacts and the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Compared to most other countries, Sweden especially in Spring-Autumn 2020 pursued mainly milder voluntary, that is, not mandatory enforced by laws, recommended restrictions and the impacts of these on society and spread of STIs remain largely unknown. We describe the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the national and regional incidence, epidemiology and diagnostic testing of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in Sweden in 2020. Compared to 2019, we found a significant decrease in incidence of chlamydia (?4.5%) and gonorrhoea (?17.5%), and in diagnostic testing (?10.5% for chlamydia, ?9.4% for gonorrhoea) in 2020. However, the decrease in chlamydia incidence, which has mainly been decreasing in the last 10 years, was not significant when compared with the average incidence in 2017–2019. The largest decrease in national incidence of both infections was observed among young and heterosexual patients, however, some Swedish regions showed an increased incidence, particularly of chlamydia. Increased “internet-based self-sampling” testing approach partly compensated for a decreased attendance at STI clinics. Studies, including sexual behaviour, prevention, reasons for attending STI health care, STIs in different anatomical sites and management of STIs, are required to elucidate the impact of COVID-19-associated social and physical distancing restrictions on sexual activity and the incidence and epidemiology of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in Sweden. 相似文献
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Familial risk and heritability of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
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Christoffer Bugge Erik Magnus Sæther Odd Terje Brustugun Ivar Sønbø Kristiansen 《Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2021,125(8):1100-1107
BackgroundThe broader cost consequences of diseases may be of interest for a wide range of stakeholders. We aimed to estimate all relevant societal costs of cancer and to provide insight into the relative magnitude of the different cost categories.MethodWe used data from eight different health and work-related registries in Norway. Direct, indirect, and intangible costs (value of lost life years) were estimated over a period of one year with a combination of a top-down and a bottom-up costing approach.ResultsThe indirect costs (EUR 1,997 million per year) are almost as high as direct costs (EUR 2,154 million), and the value of lost life years and quality of life represents the greatest cost related to cancer (EUR 18,200 million). In addition, cancer is associated with other costs which are commonly omitted from cost-of-illness analyses, including informal nursing (EUR 306 million), patient time costs (EUR 85 million), and excess costs of using public funds (EUR 439 million). Breast and cervical cancer had relatively high work absenteeism costs, while pancreatic and lung cancer had relatively high production costs due to premature deaths.DiscussionDirect health care costs represent small proportions of the total societal costs of cancer. Costs commonly omitted in cost-of-illness analyses represent a significant cost and should be measured and valued in these analyses. 相似文献
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Validation of a fast method for quantification of intra‐abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissue for large‐scale human studies 下载免费PDF全文
Magnus Borga E Louise Thomas Thobias Romu Johannes Rosander Julie Fitzpatrick Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Jimmy D. Bell 《NMR in biomedicine》2015,28(12):1747-1753
Central obesity is the hallmark of a number of non‐inheritable disorders. The advent of imaging techniques such as MRI has allowed for a fast and accurate assessment of body fat content and distribution. However, image analysis continues to be one of the major obstacles to the use of MRI in large‐scale studies. In this study we assess the validity of the recently proposed fat–muscle quantitation system (AMRATM Profiler) for the quantification of intra‐abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT) from abdominal MR images. Abdominal MR images were acquired from 23 volunteers with a broad range of BMIs and analysed using sliceOmatic, the current gold‐standard, and the AMRATM Profiler based on a non‐rigid image registration of a library of segmented atlases. The results show that there was a highly significant correlation between the fat volumes generated by the two analysis methods, (Pearson correlation r = 0.97, p < 0.001), with the AMRATM Profiler analysis being significantly faster (~3 min) than the conventional sliceOmatic approach (~40 min). There was also excellent agreement between the methods for the quantification of IAAT (AMRA 4.73 ± 1.99 versus sliceOmatic 4.73 ± 1.75 l, p = 0.97). For the AMRATM Profiler analysis, the intra‐observer coefficient of variation was 1.6% for IAAT and 1.1% for ASAT, the inter‐observer coefficient of variation was 1.4% for IAAT and 1.2% for ASAT, the intra‐observer correlation was 0.998 for IAAT and 0.999 for ASAT, and the inter‐observer correlation was 0.999 for both IAAT and ASAT. These results indicate that precise and accurate measures of body fat content and distribution can be obtained in a fast and reliable form by the AMRATM Profiler, opening up the possibility of large‐scale human phenotypic studies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献