鼻药疗法治疗脑血管疾病的理论与实践

目的:探讨鼻腔给药治疗脑血管疾病的可行性和可能的作用机制。方法:从中医传统理论和鼻与神经系统、循环系统、呼吸系统的生理解剖学联系进行分析探讨。结果:中医官窍-脏腑理论、官窍-经络理论、脑主七窍理论都论证了经鼻治疗脑血管疾病的可行性。现代医学认为当鼻腔投药后,药物就能迅速地从黏膜透入血管,直接进入体循环而发挥治疗作用,且鼻与脑神经的密切联系,故可用于对脑血管疾病的治疗。结论:鼻腔给药是中医内病外治的有效手段,可用于治疗脑血管疾病。     

经鼻外筛窦蝶窦视神经管减压手术的配合体会

目的：探讨经鼻外筛窦蝶窭视神经管减压手术的配合。方法：护士认真熟悉每一操作程序，密切配合手术医师止血，认真传递手术器械。结果：手术配合35例，术后效果好。结论：经鼻外筛窦蝶窦视神经管减压术，是目前较先进的治疗视神经骨管段外伤的手术，手术密切配合非常重要。     

经非右室切口室缺修补术83例报告

对83例经非右室切口空缺修补术进行总结,其中右房切口42例,主肺动脉切口35例,先经右室切口后补充右房切口6例。文中就非右室切口的适应证和注意事项进行了讨论。认为非右室切口在很好地掌握适应证的前提下,能更好地显露手术野,缩短手术时间,减少并发症和最大限度地保存心肌的功能。     

吡格列酮临床应用进展

噻唑烷二酮类药物(Thiazoli dilsdioms,TDs)是一类新型的胰岛素增敏剂,主要包括:噻格列酮(Ciglitazone)、曲格列酮(Troglitazone)、罗格列酮(Rosigtiaxone)、吡格列酮(Pi-ogltazone)、嗯格列酮(Enlitazone)等.1997年曲格列酮被欧美及日本最早应用于临床,结果发现曲格列酮可引起严重的肝脏毒性,甚至肝坏死,现已禁止使用.1999年,吡格列酮作为该类药中的第二个新药被美国食品和药品管理局批准上市.该药降糖作用比曲格列酮强10倍,且无明显毒副作用.目前国内已生产(顿灵),并已全面进入临床应用.     

细胞因子和糖尿病心肌病

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as an independent diabetic cardiac complication, has been paid more attention to. In clinical study, DCM was characterized by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction at the early stage. The pathogenesis of DCM is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis,ex-tracellular matrix accumulation and deposition. The development of DCM is multifactorial, the mechanism is still unclear. Several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of DCM including myocardial fibrosis,in-terstitial inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Cytokines can involve in multiple pathophysiological processes. In this review, the relationships between transforming growth factor-β1, connective tissue growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, insulin-like growth factor-1 ,adiponectin ,thrombospondin-1 and DCM are sum-marized. It may be the basis of therapeutic approaches for ameliorating DCM.     

从血糖说起

血糖是指血液中的葡萄糖，在诊断时主张用静脉血浆测定，空腹是指至少8小时内无任何热量摄入时的血糖。空腹血糖正常范围为3．9～5．6mmol／L，临床上常嘱患者晚餐后不再进食，直至第二天早晨空腹采取静脉血测定，即为空腹血糖。     

Graves病患者血清中凋亡抑制因子sFas、Bcl-2的初步研究

用ELISA法检测 3 0例Graves病患者治疗前后及 3 2例正常对照组血清中凋亡抑制因子sFas、Bcl 2 ,发现Graves病患者治疗前sFas〔(0 .76± 0 .2 4)ng/L〕、Bcl 2〔1.0 2± 0 .2 3 )ng/L〕含量升高 ;治疗后 (0 .5 2±0 .0 8)ng/L ;(0 .87± 0 .15 )ng/L〕下降 ,与正常对照组〔(0 .5 3± 0 .0 9)ng/L ;(0 .81± 0 .15 )ng/L〕差异无显著性 ,提示sFas、Bcl 2可能参与Graves病的发病。     

细胞因子和糖尿病心肌病

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as an independent diabetic cardiac complication, has been paid more attention to. In clinical study, DCM was characterized by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction at the early stage. The pathogenesis of DCM is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis,ex-tracellular matrix accumulation and deposition. The development of DCM is multifactorial, the mechanism is still unclear. Several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of DCM including myocardial fibrosis,in-terstitial inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Cytokines can involve in multiple pathophysiological processes. In this review, the relationships between transforming growth factor-β1, connective tissue growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, insulin-like growth factor-1 ,adiponectin ,thrombospondin-1 and DCM are sum-marized. It may be the basis of therapeutic approaches for ameliorating DCM.