导管消融治疗Brugada综合征心室颤动一例

正1临床资料患者男性,23岁,因"反复发作性晕厥2个月"于2017-02-06入院。患者2个月来反复发作晕厥,每次发作均伴抽搐,无二便失禁,无口吐白沫,发作数秒后可自行恢复意识。就诊于当地医院,查心电图提示"Brugada波样改变",头颅计算机断层摄影(CT)、脑电图检查、头颅磁共振成像(MRI)及脑核磁共振血管成像(MRA)均未见明显异常。超声心动图、X线胸片及冠状动脉CT亦未见明显异常。分子遗传检测提     

心房颤动递进式线性消融后的左心房扑动

Objective This study attempted to delineate the mechanism of organized loft atrial tachya-rrhythmia (AT) during stepwise linear ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using noncontact mapping. Methods Eighty patients in whom organized ATs developed or induced during stepwise linear ablation for AF were en-wiled. Left atrial (LA) activation during ATs was mapped using noncontact mapping. Radiofrequency energy was delivered to the earliest activation site or narrowest part of the re-entrant circuit of ATs. Results A total of 146 ATs were mapped. Four ATs were characterized as a focal mechanism [cycle length (225 ± 49) ms]. A macro-reentrant mechanism was confirmed in the remaining 142 ATs using noncontact mapping. LA activation time accounted for 100% of cycle length (205±37) ms. All 142 ATs used the conduction gaps in the basic fig-ure-7 lesion line. There were 3 types of circuits classified based on the gap location. Type Ⅰ (n = 68) used gaps at the ridge between left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) and left atrial appendage (LAA). Type Ⅱ(n = 50) used gaps on the LA roof. Type Ⅲ (n = 24) passed through gaps in the mitral isthmus. Ablation at these gaps eliminated 130 ATs, but the remaining 16 ATs required cardioversion to sinus rhythm due to a poor response to ablation. Conclusion Vast majority of left ATs developed during stepwise linear ablation for AF are macro-reen-trant through conduction gaps in the basic figure-7 lesion line, especially at the ridge between LSPV and LAA. Noncontact activation mapping can identify these gaps accurately and quickly to target effective catheter ablation.     

心房颤动递进式线性消融后的左心房扑动

Objective This study attempted to delineate the mechanism of organized loft atrial tachya-rrhythmia (AT) during stepwise linear ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using noncontact mapping. Methods Eighty patients in whom organized ATs developed or induced during stepwise linear ablation for AF were en-wiled. Left atrial (LA) activation during ATs was mapped using noncontact mapping. Radiofrequency energy was delivered to the earliest activation site or narrowest part of the re-entrant circuit of ATs. Results A total of 146 ATs were mapped. Four ATs were characterized as a focal mechanism [cycle length (225 ± 49) ms]. A macro-reentrant mechanism was confirmed in the remaining 142 ATs using noncontact mapping. LA activation time accounted for 100% of cycle length (205±37) ms. All 142 ATs used the conduction gaps in the basic fig-ure-7 lesion line. There were 3 types of circuits classified based on the gap location. Type Ⅰ (n = 68) used gaps at the ridge between left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) and left atrial appendage (LAA). Type Ⅱ(n = 50) used gaps on the LA roof. Type Ⅲ (n = 24) passed through gaps in the mitral isthmus. Ablation at these gaps eliminated 130 ATs, but the remaining 16 ATs required cardioversion to sinus rhythm due to a poor response to ablation. Conclusion Vast majority of left ATs developed during stepwise linear ablation for AF are macro-reen-trant through conduction gaps in the basic figure-7 lesion line, especially at the ridge between LSPV and LAA. Noncontact activation mapping can identify these gaps accurately and quickly to target effective catheter ablation.     

伴心房颤动的老老年高血压患者降压药服药依从性不良影响因素分析

目的探讨伴心房颤动(房颤)的老老年高血压患者降压药服药依从性不良的影响因素。方法连续入选2018年10月至2019年2月期间在阜外医院就诊的合并房颤的老老年高血压患者共110例。通过电子病历系统收集患者一般情况及临床资料,应用量表评估患者焦虑、抑郁、认知功能状态、社会支持度以及降压药服药依从性。根据依从性的不同将患者分为依从性良好组与依从性不良组。比较两组患者一般情况及临床资料,行Logistic回归分析明确依从性不良预测因素。结果107例患者完成问卷,41.1%的患者服用降压药依从性不良。多因素Logistic分析提示,抑郁、认知功能损害为依从性不良的预测因素[优势比(oddsratio,OR)=4.16,95%置信区间(confidenceinterval,CI)1.39~12.44,P<0.05;0R=4.26,95%CI 1.39~12.98,P<0.05],焦虑、开展服药自我提醒以及社会支持评分>35分是依从性良好的预测因索(OR=0.23,95%CI 0.08~0.69,P<0.01;0R=0.17,95%CI 0.04~0.62,P<0.01;OR=0.16,95%CI 0.06~0.45,P<0.01)。结论伴房颤的老老年高血压患者降压药服药依从性总体不良。抑郁和认知功能损害为依从性不良的预测因素,焦虑和开展服药自我提醒以及社会支持评分>35分是依从性良好的预测因素。     

心肌致密化不全发病机制的研究进展

心肌致密化不全（Noncompaction cardiomyopathy,NCCM）是一种以是以心室内异常粗大的肌小梁和交错的深隐窝为特征的心肌病,患者在临床上以心力衰竭、恶性心律失常和血栓形成为主要表现,严重者可发生猝死。目前的治疗方法只能缓解症状,不能根治疾病。现有研究表明,基因突变是导致NCCM发生的重要原因,基因突变导致其编码的蛋白表达出现异常,干扰了心脏的正常发育。此外,NOTCH通路、TBX20/PRDM16/TGF-β通路等信号通路的异常参与了NCCM的发生发展。近年来,随着对基因表达调控研究的不断深入,表观遗传学已成为NCCM机制研究的新方向。本文旨在对NCCM的发病机制进行综述,以深刻理解NCCM发生发展的病理生理过程,为研究提供更多的思路。     

心脏交感神经活动评估方法的研究进展

心脏自主神经系统是调节心脏功能活动的重要结构,自主神经活动异常是心力衰竭、心房颤动及缺血性心脏病等多种心血管疾病的重要发病机制之一,评估自主神经活动成为心血管基础和临床研究领域的重要课题。近年来,心脏交感神经活动评估方法经过长足的探索,目前可经皮肤连续24h以上、无创地记录患者即刻心脏交感神经活动,具备广阔的临床应用前景。     

射频消融治疗左心室脂肪瘤合并室性心动过速一例

心脏肿瘤引起室性心动过速（室速）临床上较罕见。由于手术切除难度大且效果欠佳,导致此类室速的治疗较为困难。本文报告1例心肌脂肪瘤引起无休止室速的病例。     

心房颤动递进式线性消融后的左心房扑动

Objective This study attempted to delineate the mechanism of organized loft atrial tachya-rrhythmia (AT) during stepwise linear ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using noncontact mapping. Methods Eighty patients in whom organized ATs developed or induced during stepwise linear ablation for AF were en-wiled. Left atrial (LA) activation during ATs was mapped using noncontact mapping. Radiofrequency energy was delivered to the earliest activation site or narrowest part of the re-entrant circuit of ATs. Results A total of 146 ATs were mapped. Four ATs were characterized as a focal mechanism [cycle length (225 ± 49) ms]. A macro-reentrant mechanism was confirmed in the remaining 142 ATs using noncontact mapping. LA activation time accounted for 100% of cycle length (205±37) ms. All 142 ATs used the conduction gaps in the basic fig-ure-7 lesion line. There were 3 types of circuits classified based on the gap location. Type Ⅰ (n = 68) used gaps at the ridge between left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) and left atrial appendage (LAA). Type Ⅱ(n = 50) used gaps on the LA roof. Type Ⅲ (n = 24) passed through gaps in the mitral isthmus. Ablation at these gaps eliminated 130 ATs, but the remaining 16 ATs required cardioversion to sinus rhythm due to a poor response to ablation. Conclusion Vast majority of left ATs developed during stepwise linear ablation for AF are macro-reen-trant through conduction gaps in the basic figure-7 lesion line, especially at the ridge between LSPV and LAA. Noncontact activation mapping can identify these gaps accurately and quickly to target effective catheter ablation.     

经下腔静脉放置冠状静脉窦电极导管对操作者放射剂量影响的研究

Objective To evaluate and compare the dosages of operator-incurred-radiation during the implantation of coronary sinus (CS) catheter between the approaches through inferior vena cava (IVC) with the steerable catheter and through supra vena cava (SVC) with the fixed curve catheter. Methods Two hundred and two patients were divided into two groups according to the different approaches of CS catheter insertion. IVC group (n = 122) :a deca-polar catheter with steerable curve was placed into CS through the femoral vein and the IVC. SVC group (n =80) :a fixed curve deca-polar catheter was inserted into CS through the jugular vein and the SVC. There was no obvious difference in gender, age, and echocardiogram between the two groups. All procedures were performed by the same three operators. The exposure time of each case and the dosage of operator-incurred-radiation during the procedure were measured. Results The catheters were positioned successfully inl20 patients in the IVC group and in all patients in the SVC group. The 2 failured in the IVC group were also failed in by attempting through SVC with fixed curve catheter. There was no significant difference in the exposure time between IVC group and SVC group[( 105 ± 12)s and ( 108 ± 19)s,P =0. 925]. The per sec operator-incurred-radiation was 0. 25 × 10-2 uGy/s in WC group and 1.38 × 10 -2 uGy/s in SVC group. This lead to significant decrease in the dosage of operator-incurred-radiation in IVC group[(0. 30 ± 0. 04) uGy vs ( 1.49 ±0. 27) uGy,P ＜ 0. 001]. No cardiac or vascular complication was observed in both groups. Conclusions Insertion of coronary sinus catheter through IVC with the steerable catheter is associated with significantly less radiation than that through SVC with the fixed curve catheter without increasing time of the procedure.