护理干预对肿瘤患者PICC置管并发症及依从性的影响

目的 探讨护理干预对PICC置管肿瘤患者并发症及依从性的影响.方法 选择我院2007年6月至2010年6月收治的肿瘤患者86例,随机将患者分为干预组和对照组各43例.2组患者经明确诊断后均进行常规护理,而干预组则在此基础上加用全面系统的护理干预方案,分别对PICC置管肿瘤患者的并发症和依从性进行护理干预,并对2组患者的并发症发生情况以及治疗的依从性等指标进行对比分析.结果 与对照组相比,干预组患者治疗完全依从的比例明显提高,而部分依从的比例则明显降低,干预组患者发生静脉炎和导管相关性血流感染以及导管堵塞和导管脱落的比例均明显降低.结论 护理干预对于PICC置管肿瘤患者减少并发症的发生和改善治疗依从性具有十分重要的临床意义.

Abstract：

Objective To probe into the effect of nursing intervention on complications and compliance of cancer patients with PICC. Methods 86 tumor patients selected from June 2007 to June 2010were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 43 patients in each group. After the two groups of patients were diagnosed they were treated with routine care, the intervention group wasgiven additional comprehensive nursing interventions aiming at PICC complications and compliance. The complications and treatment compliance of the patients were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the rate of full compliance significantly improved and the rate of partial compliance significantly decreased in the intervention group. At the same time, compared with the control group, the incidence rate of phlebitis, catheter-related bloodstream infection and catheter blockage and catheter off of the intervention group were significantly lower. Conclusions Nursing intervention for cancer patients with PICC can reduce complications and improve treatment compliance of them and is of great clinical significance.     

胃肠术后早期肠内营养的可行性研究及监护

目的 对胃肠术后早期肠内营养的可行性进行探讨.方法 136例行胃、结直肠手术的病人随机分为两组,实验组72例术后24h内提供早期肠内营养(EN),对照组64例术后3-10d给予肠外营养支持(TPN),比较两组病人营养指标、并发症、排气时间、伤口愈合情况、住院天数及费用.结果对照组前白蛋白术后第7d较术前有明显下降(P＜0.05),术后第12d较术后第7d有明显上升(P＜0.01);实验组术后第7d,第12d前白蛋白(PA)、纤维连接蛋白(FN)均明显高于对照组,术后并发症明显减少(P＜0.05),排气时间、住院天数明显缩短(P＜0.01),刀口甲级愈合(P＜0.001).结论 肠内营养具有经济实惠、易于管理、简单易行、安全可靠的优点,值得推广应用.     

急性重症胰腺炎早期肠内营养治疗的护理干预

目的探讨急性重症胰腺炎行早期肠内营养的效果及护理。方法将66例患者根据个人意愿分为两组：观察组30例,对照组36例。观察组于入院后3-5d给予肠内营养（EN）,定时冲洗管腔,保持通畅,观察不良反应;对照组给予静脉营养（PN）至进食。比较两组住院时间、并发症及住院费用的差别。结果观察组并发症及住院费用明显低于对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）,两组住院时间无显著性差异。结论重症胰腺炎早期行肠内营养可降低并发症,减少住院费用。给予合理的营养配方,掌握输注方法,密切观察肠内营养反应,做好管道护理及心理护理是早期肠内营养顺利完成的重要条件。