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1.
Jayaraman Chandrasekaran Embry Kyle R. Mummidisetty Chaithanya K. Moon Yaejin Giffhorn Matt Prokup Sara Lim Bokman Lee Jusuk Lee Younbaek Lee Minhyung Jayaraman Arun 《Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation》2022,19(1):1-13
Numerous studies showed that postural balance improves through light touch on a stable surface highlighting the importance of haptic information, seemingly downplaying the mechanical contributions of the support. The present study examined the mechanical effects of canes for assisting balance in healthy individuals challenged by standing on a beam. Sixteen participants supported themselves with two canes, one in each hand, and applied minimal, preferred, or maximum force onto the canes. They positioned the canes in the frontal plane or in a tripod configuration. Statistical analysis used a linear mixed model to evaluate the effects on the center of pressure and the center of mass. The canes significantly reduced the variability of the center of pressure and the center of mass to the same level as when standing on the ground. Increasing the exerted force beyond the preferred level yielded no further benefits, although in the preferred force condition, participants exploited the altered mechanics by resting their arms on the canes. The tripod configuration allowed for larger variability of the center of pressure in the task-irrelevant anterior–posterior dimension. High forces had a destabilizing effect on the canes: the displacement of the hand on the cane handle increased with the force. Given this static instability, these results show that using canes can provide not only mechanical benefits but also challenges. From a control perspective, effort can be reduced by resting the arms on the canes and by channeling noise in the task-irrelevant dimensions. However, larger forces exerted onto the canes can also have destabilizing effects and the instability of the canes needs to be counteracted, possibly by arm and shoulder stiffness. Insights into the variety of mechanical effects is important for the design of canes and the instructions of how to use them. 相似文献
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Pancreatic cancer, a highly lethal cancer, has the lowest 5-year survival rate for several reasons, including its tendency for the late diagnosis, a lack of serologic markers for screening, aggressive local invasion, its early metastatic dissemination, and its resistance to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Pancreatic cancer evades immunologic elimination by a variety of mechanisms, including induction of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts interact with inhibitory immune cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages and regulatory T cells, to form an inflammatory shell-like desmo plastic stroma around tumor cells. Immunotherapy has the potential to mobilize the immune system to eliminate cancer cells. Nevertheless, although immunotherapy has shown brilliant results across a wide range of malignancies, only anti-programmed cell death 1 antibodies have been approved for use in patients with pancreatic cancer who test positive for microsatellite instability or mismatch repair deficiency. Some patients treated with immunotherapy who show progression based on conventional response criteria may prove to have a durable response later. Continuation of immune-based treatment beyond disease progression can be chosen if the patient is clinically stable. Immunotherapeutic approaches for pancreatic cancer treatment deserve further exploration, given the plethora of combination trials with other immunotherapeutic agents, targeted therapy, stroma-modulating agents, chemotherapy, and multi-way combination therapies. 相似文献
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Sabin J. Bozso Jeevan Nagendran Roderick G.G. MacArthur Michael W.A. Chu Bob Kiaii Ismail El-Hamamsy Raymond Cartier Ali Shahriari Michael C. Moon 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(5):1763-1771
Objectives
We describe the Canadian results of the Ascyrus Medical Dissection Stent (AMDS), a novel partially uncovered aortic arch hybrid graft implanted antegrade during hypothermic circulatory arrest to promote true lumen expansion and enhance aortic remodeling.Methods
From March 2017 to February 2018, 16 consecutive patients (66 ± 12 years; 38% female) presented with acute type A aortic dissections and underwent emergent surgical aortic repair with AMDS implantation. All patients presented with DeBakey I aortic dissection, with evidence of malperfusion in 50% (n = 8) of patients. All cases were performed under hypothermic circulatory arrest with an additional average duration for AMDS implantation time of 2.1 minutes.Results
All 16 device implantations were successful. Overall 30-day mortality was 6.3% (n = 1) and stroke occurred in 6.3% (n = 1) of cases. There was no incidence of device-related aortic injury or aortic arch branch vessel occlusion. During the follow-up period, 12 patients had completed at least 1 postoperative computed tomography scan. At initial follow-up computed tomography scan, complete or partial thrombosis, and remodeling of the aortic arch occurred in 91.7% of cases (n = 11/12) and in the proximal descending thoracic aorta, complete or partial thrombosis, and remodeling occurred in 91.7% (n = 11/12).Conclusions
Preliminary results suggest that the AMDS is a safe, feasible and reproducible adjunct to current surgical approaches for acute DeBakey I aortic dissection repair. Further, the AMDS manages malperfusion and promotes early positive remodeling in the aortic arch and distal dissected segments, with favorable FL closure rates at follow-up. Ongoing follow-up will provide additional insight into the long-term effects of the AMDS. 相似文献6.
Sirt5 is known to functionally regulate mitochondrial proteins by altering posttranslational modifications, including lysine desuccinylation. While roles for Sirt5 as either a tumor promoter or suppressor, or in chemoresistance, have been implicated in other cancers, the function of Sirt5 in cutaneous melanoma has not been well examined. Therefore, to determine whether Sirt5 is necessary for BrafV600E‐mediated melanoma formation and/or disease progression, we crossed a genetically engineered murine melanoma model (TyrCreERT2/+; BrafLSL‐V600E/+; Ptenflox/flox) to Sirt5?/? knockout animals. In addition, we tested for synergism with a selective BRAF (V600E) inhibitor in Sirt5?/? mouse melanoma cells. Taken together, this report demonstrates that, in these models, Sirt5 is dispensable for BrafV600E‐mediated cutaneous melanoma formation and growth in vivo, and does not improve sensitivity to a selective BRAF inhibitor. 相似文献
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BackgroundOsteocalcin is known to regulate energy metabolism. Recently, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been found to be associated with reduced levels of osteocalcin in men, as well as in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum osteocalcin and MetS in premenopausal women, compared with that in postmenopausal women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was based on 5,896 participants who completed a health screening examination. They were classified according to their menopausal status. Each group was subdivided into non-MetS and MetS groups according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Serum osteocalcin levels were measured using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsSerum osteocalcin level was significantly lower in women with MetS than in those without MetS, after adjusting for confounders (14.12 ± 0.04 vs. 13.17 ± 0.13 [P = 0.004] in premenopausal women, and 20.34 ± 0.09 vs. 19.62 ± 0.21 [P < 0.001] in postmenopausal women), regardless of their menopausal status. Serum osteocalcin levels decreased correspondingly with an increasing number of MetS elements (P for trend < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that waist circumference (β = −0.085 [P < 0.001] and β = −0.137 [P < 0.001]) and hemoglobin A1c (β = −0.09 [P < 0.001] and β = −0.145 [P < 0.001]) were independent predictors of osteocalcin in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Triglyceride levels were also independently associated with osteocalcin levels in premenopausal women (β = −0.004 [P < 0.013]). The odds ratio (OR) for MetS was significantly higher in the lowest quartile than in the highest quartile of serum osteocalcin levels after adjusting for age, alkaline phosphatase, uric acid, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and body mass index in all women (OR, 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49–2.68) as well as in premenopausal (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.39–3.58) and postmenopausal (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.26–3.23) subgroups.ConclusionLower serum osteocalcin concentrations were significantly associated with MetS in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women and were therefore independent of menopausal status. 相似文献
8.
Brandon Ginley Kuang-Yu Jen Seung Seok Han Luís Rodrigues Sanjay Jain Agnes B. Fogo Jonathan Zuckerman Vighnesh Walavalkar Jeffrey C. Miecznikowski Yumeng Wen Felicia Yen Donghwan Yun Kyung Chul Moon Avi Rosenberg Chirag Parikh Pinaki Sarder 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2021,32(4):837
9.
Jung-Woo Shim Jemin Ko Chul-Seung Lee Do-Sang Lee Jaesik Park Hyung Mook Lee Yong-Suk Kim Young Eun Moon Sang Hyun Hong Min Suk Chae 《Asian journal of surgery / Asian Surgical Association》2021,44(1):254-261
BackgroundThis study investigated the optimal timing of analgesic transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in the operating room for better recovery quality using the Korean version of the Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40K) questionnaire in patients who had undergone open inguinal herniorrhaphy.MethodsThis single-centre, prospective randomised controlled study included adult male patients who had an ASA physical status of I–II. A total of 80 patients were analysed. The patients were randomly assigned and classified into pre-incisional TAP (pre-TAP) block (n = 40) and post-incisional TAP (post-TAP) block (n = 40) groups. The quality of postoperative functional recovery and complications were compared between the two groups during 24 h postoperatively.ResultsPreoperative findings of the two groups were comparable. The global QoR-40K score was higher in the pre-TAP group than in the post-TAP group. Among sub-dimensions, scores of physical comfort and pain were higher in the pre-TAP group than in the post-TAP group. In the post-anaesthesia care unit, the pre-TAP group showed lower pain scores than the post-TAP block group. There was no severe pain in the pre-TAP group, but two patients (5.0%) in the post-TAP block group suffered severe pain. The pre-TAP group required lower doses of IV rescue opioid in the PACU than the post-TAP group. All patients were discharged from hospital on postoperative day 1 without surgical complications.ConclusionsThe timing of analgesic TAP block may be of clinical importance to prevent postoperative pain and to improve the quality of early patient recovery following open inguinal herniorrhaphy. 相似文献
10.
Cheng Shi Chen Alrashidi Ibrahim Ji Hoon Shin Hai-Liang Li Hye Hyeon Moon Hee Ho Chu Jong Woo Kim 《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2021,32(1):135-140
Six patients (mean age, 57.7 y ± 19.7) with persistent urinary fistulae underwent 7 urinary tract embolizations with AMPLATZER Vascular Plugs (AVPs) and glue: 5 with concomitant cavity obliteration with glue and 2 without. A single procedure was successful in resolving urinary leakage in 5 patients (71%) at a mean follow-up of 27.3 wk ± 31.5 (median, 9.7 wk; range, 4.9–80 wk). Repeat cavity embolization was required in 2 instances to achieve clinical success. Mean survival was 42.3 wk (median, 16.4 wk; range, 11.7–104 wk). Combined AVP and glue embolization may prove to be a primary approach in the control of persistent fistulae. 相似文献