何首乌致药物性肝损伤的病理学特点

目的了解何首乌致药物性肝损伤(Polygonum multiflorum-associated drug induce liver injury,PM-DILI)的临床病理学特点。方法收集2019年3月1日至2021年3月1日深圳市第三人民医院收治的8例PM-DILI患者临床资料。肝穿组织进行苏木素-伊红染色、网状纤维染色、Masson三色染色、铁、铜特殊染色和免疫组织化学染色,显微镜下观察分析。结果8例PM-DILI患者男女比为1∶1,平均年龄43岁,其中6例为急性PM-DILI,2例慢性为PM-DILI。入院血清学检查异常主要包括转氨酶升高和淤胆均为7例。主要组织病理学改变为点灶状坏死8例、界面炎5例、融合坏死4例,融合坏死以肝腺泡3带为主,不伴或伴少数炎细胞浸润;胆汁淤积5例,为肝腺泡3带的肝细胞、毛细胆管内淤胆,不伴或伴少数炎细胞浸润;中央静脉炎3例;病程长者可发生肝纤维化,甚至肝硬化2例。结论肝腺泡3带为主的急性淤胆和肝细胞坏死是PM-DILI主要组织学表现,严重者可发生静脉炎等血管损伤。     

Confounded association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of biliary tract cancer: Result from three cohorts

Recent epidemiological studies suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was associated with an increased risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC), however, confounders were not adequately controlled. Our study aimed to evaluate PPI use and subsequent risk of BTC and its subtypes in three well-established cohorts. We conducted a pooled analysis of the subjects free of cancers in UK Biobank (n = 463 643), Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 80 235) and NHS II (n = 95 869). Propensity score weighted Cox models were used to estimate marginal HRs of PPIs use on BTC risk, accounting for potential confounders. We documented 284 BTC cases in UK Biobank (median follow-up: 7.6 years), and 91 cases in NHS and NHS II cohorts (median follow-up: 15.8 years). In UK biobank, PPI users had a 96% higher risk of BTC compared to nonusers in crude model (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44-2.66), but the effect was attenuated to null after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.60-1.49). PPI use was not associated with risk of BTC in the pooled analysis of three cohorts (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60-1.43). We also observed no associations between PPI use with risk of intrahepatic (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49-2.04), extrahepatic bile duct (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52-2.27) and gallbladder cancers (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.26-1.66) in UK Biobank. In summary, regular use of PPIs was not associated with the risk of BTC and its subtypes.     

康莱特注射液联合紫杉醇治疗晚期恶性胸腺瘤的疗效观察

目的:比较康莱特注射液联合紫杉醇及紫杉醇单纯化疗治疗晚期恶性胸腺瘤的不良反应和疗效。方法:2013年8月至2017年12月，经病理学和免疫组化确诊为恶性胸腺瘤并在我院肿瘤中心进行姑息性化疗的患者68例。康莱特注射液联合化疗为观察组（37例）；单纯化疗为对照组（31例）。28天为一周期，共化疗4周期。结果:两组患者均无人发生过敏反应。观察组可有效减轻患者化疗不良反应:恶性、呕吐、四肢麻木、关节肌肉酸痛和白细胞下降(P＜0.05)，可以有效减轻患者胸闷症状和全身疼痛(P＜0.05)，在肿瘤控制方面，康莱特联合化疗的疗效较单纯化疗稍好，但均未见有统计学差异(P＞0.05)。结论:康莱特注射液联合紫杉醇治疗晚期胸腺瘤，具有减轻患者疼痛、减轻化疗不良反应，从而提高患者化疗依从性的作用，值得临床进一步推广和研究。     

Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway

Inappropriate use of acetaminophen (APAP) can lead to morbidity and mortality secondary to hepatic necrosis. Ginsenoside Rg1 is a major active ingredient in processed Panax ginseng, which is proved to elicit biological effects. We hypothesized the beneficial effect of Rg1 on APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity was through Nrf2/ARE pathway. The study was conducted in cells and mice, comparing the actions of Rg1. Rg1 significantly improved cell survival rates and promoted the expression of antioxidant proteins. Meanwhile, Rg1 reduced the excessive ROS and the occurrence of cell apoptosis, which were related to Nrf2/ARE pathway. Expression of Nrf2 has a certain cell specificity.

     

ⅣA期胸腺瘤IMRT疗效及安全性初步分析

目的 初步评估IMRT对无法手术ⅣA期胸腺瘤的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾分析2010-2017年间15例无法手术接受IMRT的ⅣA期胸腺瘤患者,其中男9例、女6例,中位数59岁。PTV、CTV、GTV放疗剂量分别为50、60、70Gy分15~20次,分析近期疗效、总生存率及不良反应。结果 中位随访时间48个月,近期部分缓解率93%(14/15),1、3、5年总生存率分别为100%、75%、75%,仅1例出现3级血液系统反应。4例死亡患者均为肿瘤相关死亡。结论 初步证明ⅣA期胸腺瘤IMRT疗效较好、安全性高,可作为无法手术治疗的胸腺瘤患者安全、有效的治疗手段。     

分诊安全管理结合风险管理提高急诊科护理质量评分的作用分析

目的探讨分诊安全管理结合风险管理提高急诊科护理质量评分的作用。方法该院于2018年6月起加强对急诊科的分诊安全管理结合风险管理,以于2017年6月—2019年6月在该院急诊科就诊的患者为研究对象,评价管理策略实施前后护理风险发生率、护理质量评分以及患者满意度等评价指标变化情况。结果实施后基础护理、实践操作、消毒隔离、急救药品、护理文件方面的护理质量评分均较实施前显著提高(P<0.05);实施后护理差错、护理缺陷、护理投诉的发生率分别为0.26%、0.58%、0.19%,均较实施前显著降低(P<0.05);实施后护理总满意率为94.92%,较实施前显著提高(P<0.05)。结论分诊安全管理结合风险管理有效提高了急诊科护理质量,提升了患者满意度,减少了护理风险事件的发生。     

Connexin 36 Mediates Orofacial Pain Hypersensitivity Through GluK2 and TRPA1

Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating condition, and the pain easily spreads to other parts of the face. Here, we established a mouse model of partial transection of the infraorbital nerve (pT-ION) and found that the Connexin 36 (Cx36) inhibitor mefloquine caused greater alleviation of pT-ION-induced cold allodynia compared to the reduction of mechanical allodynia. Mefloquine reversed the pT-ION-induced upregulation of Cx36, glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2 (GluK2), transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK) in the trigeminal ganglion. Cold allodynia but not mechanical allodynia induced by pT-ION or by virus-mediated overexpression of Cx36 in the trigeminal ganglion was reversed by the GluK2 antagonist NS102, and knocking down Cx36 expression in Nav1.8-expressing nociceptors by injecting virus into the orofacial skin area of Nav1.8-Cre mice attenuated cold allodynia but not mechanical allodynia. In conclusion, we show that Cx36 contributes greatly to the development of orofacial pain hypersensitivity through GluK2, TRPA1, and p-ERK signaling.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12264-020-00594-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

A comparison of the relationships between psychosocial factors,occupational strain,and work ability among 4 ethnic teacher groups in China

The present study compared the level of occupational strain and work ability among Han, Hui, Uygur, Hui, and Kazakh teachers, and explored ethnic differences based on the associations of psychosocial factors at work, occupational strain, and work ability. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,941 teachers in primary and secondary schools in Xinjiang Province, China. Psychosocial factors, occupational strain, and work ability were measured using the Occupation Stress Inventory—Revised Edition (OSI-R) and Work Ability Index. Han and Hui teachers experienced reduced work ability compared with Uygur and Kazakh teachers, and this finding was caused, in part, by exposure to psychosocial factors at work. The vocational and psychological strains caused by these factors play an important role in reduced work ability among all ethnic teacher groups. The findings indicate the importance of taking action to reduce occupational strain for promoting teachers' work ability in multiethnic workplaces.