中医药治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的研究进展

糖尿病渐以年轻化的趋势呈现,糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一,因其高致残率严重影响病患的生活品质。本文简单阐述糖尿病周围神经病变的病因,并就中医药的角度对该病的治疗概况进行综述,以期为临床诊治提供新见解和新研究策略。     

杜长海名老中医应用药对治疗功能性便秘的临床经验探析

功能性便秘的发生严重困扰着现代人群,进而影响人们的生活质量。杜长海名老中医认为功能性便秘究其内因为大肠传导失常,外因乃现代人的生活方式、紧张的生活氛围等等,因此杜老结合自己数十年的临床经验,根据中医辨证总结出临床常用药对,对有效治疗功能性便秘进行了经验总结。     

虎杖MYB转录因子PcMYB1的表达特性和功能研究

目的对虎杖中1个新的R2R3-MYB转录因子基因PcMYB1进行转录活性鉴定和表达特性分析,并在转基因拟南芥中进行功能研究。方法利用酵母单杂交实验分析PcMYB1的转录活性;荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)技术检测虎杖中PcMYB1的表达模式;利用Wiesner染色和溴乙酰法检测PcMYB1转基因拟南芥中的木质素含量;RT-PCR技术分析PcMYB1转基因拟南芥木质素合成相关基因的表达。结果酵母单杂实验结果表明,PcMYB1具有转录抑制活性;RT-PCR结果显示PcMYB1在虎杖根、茎、叶中均有表达,在叶中表达量最高,并且紫外照射处理可诱导叶片中PcMYB1的表达;与野生型拟南芥相比,转基因拟南芥的株高降低了24.07%,木质部的细胞染色程度浅,转基因拟南芥木质素含量降低了14.81%,参与木质素合成的AtC4H、AtC3H、AtF5H、AtCOMT、AtCAD基因表达下调。结论 PcMYB1具有转录抑制活性,对植物木质素合成具有负调控作用。     

风池穴不同刺法对椎动脉型颈椎病的临床疗效评价

目的:探究风池穴不同刺法对椎动脉型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法:选择2018年4月—2019年1月北京中医药大学东直门医院针灸科门诊就诊的84例椎动脉型颈椎病患者作为研究对象,分为观察组43例、对照组41例。观察组采用短刺法针刺风池穴治疗,对照组采用平补平泻法针刺风池穴治疗,1个疗程后比较两组患者的ESCV、颈椎病症状分级量化表评分以及TCD相关指标,TCD指标观察基底动脉和双侧椎动脉的平均血流速度(Vm)、收缩期血流速度峰值(Vs)、血管搏动指数(PI)和血管阻力指数(RI)的变化。结果:治疗前后两组ESCV、颈椎病症状分级量化表评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且椎动脉、基底动脉的Vs、Vm较治疗前明显减慢,且观察组治疗效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:针刺风池穴治疗椎动脉型颈椎病临床效果显著,且短刺法优于平补平泻法。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

Chiari Ⅰ型畸形手术前后的诱发电位研究

[目的]研究Chiari Ⅰ型畸形患者手术前后的诱发电位的变化规律，观察手术前脊髓空洞的程度与诱发电位变化之间的关系。[方法]对2003年10月-2004年9月收治的15例Chiari Ⅰ型畸形患者，采取寰枕减压术、硬膜成形术。手术前第1～3d和手术后第10—14d分别检测BAEP、SEP、MEP，然后对这些患者经过6个月的随访，进行脊髓功能JOA评分和MRI复查。[结果]15例Chiari Ⅰ型畸形患者手术前14例SEP、MEP异常，手术后临床症状均有所缓解，脊髓功能JOA改善率为60．3％，MRI复查显示脊髓空洞明显缩小、诱发电位SEP检测P40-N22、N20-N13潜伏期与MEP检测中枢传导时间CMCT值和BAEP检测Ⅰ—Ⅴ峰间期，三者测的值比术前均缩短，差异有显著性。同时发现Chiari畸形患者的SEP与MEP检查测得皮层值术后比术前缩短，差异有显著性，而外周神经传导时间术后与术前比较却没有任何变化。[结论]诱发电位可以作为评价Chiari Ⅰ型畸形手术前后效果的客观而相对准确的检查方法。     

光子嫩肤仪配合激光治疗皮肤光老化疗效的观察

目的 探讨光子嫩肤仪配合755nm激光治疗皮肤光老化的疗效。方法 根据皮肤光老化者的肤质及疗效调节治疗方案，光子及激光交替进行治疗，每例治疗5次或5次以上。在治疗前和完成疗程后，由主治医师和接受治疗者共同对疗效做出评价。结果 本组178例，经治疗皮肤光老化症状均有不同程度改善，其中以肤色、毛细血管扩张、皮肤质地改善最为明显。临床观察表明，只要选择合适参数及完成疗程，治疗效果明显。结论 光子嫩肤仪配合755nm激光治疗皮肤光老化，是改善光老化表现的有效方法，并且比其他有损伤性治疗发生的合并症少，安全有效。     

大黄乙醇提取物的体外抗新城疫病毒作用

目的：研究大黄乙醇提取物的抗新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）作用。方法：采用体外细胞培养的方法研究大黄乙醇提取物对ＮＤＶ感染的拮抗作用。结果：２０ｇ／Ｌ剂量大黄乙醇提取物对ＢＨＫ２１细胞未有任何毒性作用；０．５ｇ／Ｌ大黄对ＮＤＶ所致ＣＰＥ有明显的抑制作用；大黄可预防ＮＤＶ感染，并对ＮＤＶ的复制动力学有明显影响。结论：大黄乙醇提取物具有明显的抗ＮＤＶ作用。     

泡沫分离法用于蜣螂蛋白质分离的研究

目的 优选蜣螂提取液中蛋白质类成分泡沫分离的最佳工艺条件.方法 采用单因素试验法,以富集比、回收率、泡沫液中蛋白的质量分数为评价指标,对影响泡沫分离的几个关键因素进行考察.结果 泡沫分离蜣螂提取液蛋白类成分的较佳工艺为:气流速度600 mL/min,进料液质量浓度为含药材0.050 g/mL,pH4,进料体积1 000 mL,室温;在此条件下,富集比为1.56,回收率为85.6%,泡沫液质量分数为20.37%.结论 采用泡沫分离法浓缩和分离蜣螂蛋白质类成分回收率较高,能提高产品中蛋白质的质量分数,浓缩和分离蜣螂提取液中蛋白类物质有一定的可行性.     

水平管中气固两相流的混沌特征分析

对水平管密相气力输送系统的混沌动力学行为进行了分析，对煤粉浓度信号时间序列的最大Lyapunov指数和关联维数进行了计算。结果表明，系统的最大Lyapunov指数均大于零，这充分说明煤粉在水平管中的密相气力输送存在混沌特征。从密相移动床流区到沉积层流区，混沌吸引子由大变小，关联维数从1．5359减小到1．0764。说明从密相移动床流区到沉积层流区，流体系统运动的混沌程度逐渐减弱。