Acute myeloid leukemia: current progress and future directions

Progress in the understanding of the biology and therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is occurring rapidly. Since 2017, nine agents have been approved for various indications in AML. These included several targeted therapies like venetoclax, FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, and others. The management of AML is complicated, highlighting the need for expertise in order to deliver optimal therapy and achieve optimal outcomes. The multiple subentities in AML require very different therapies. In this review, we summarize the important pathophysiologies driving AML, review current therapies in standard practice, and address present and future research directions.Subject terms: Prognosis, Health services     

高渗盐水对顺铂毒性及药物动力学的影响

本文以血清尿素氮及体重做为毒性评价指标,高渗盐水减低了顺铂的毒性。小鼠静注15mg/kg顺铂后,血浆总铂的药物动力学呈三室模型。高渗盐水缩短了血浆总铂的α相半衰期,提高了给药后各时间点血浆超滤铂的浓度,降低了肾脏内给药后2h内的铂浓度,没有明显改变肿瘤内铂浓度的药时曲线下面积。实验表明,高渗盐水提高了顺铂的治疗指数。     

Pilomatrix carcinoma. A new case

We present a new case of Pilomatrix Carcinoma after having review the 22 cases previously published. The tumor arisen in a 74 years old male, in the left preauricular region. The lesion was excised with wide margins. A year after there is not any evidence of recurrence or metastases.     

机体不同状态下高压氧暴露后对脑微血流动力作用的差异性

目的 :探讨正常及急性脑缺血损伤动物高压氧暴露后大脑微循环血流动力作用的变化。方法 :成年沙土鼠 61只 ,随机分为 0 .1MPa、0 .2MPa、0 .2 5MPa高压氧暴露组 ,脑缺血损伤组和对照组。实验时动物用urethane麻醉 ,在颅骨顶开窗 ,暴露软脑膜。用阻断双侧颈总动脉造成脑缺血损伤。用LMB 1检测软脑膜细动静脉管径和流速 ,用LDF 3检测脑皮质局部血流量。动物在小型氧舱进行了实验暴露。结果 :动物在 0 .2MPa氧暴露后软脑膜细动脉比暴露前收缩 10 .1% ,细动脉血流速度比高压氧暴露前减慢 0 .58mm/s ,细静脉流速比高压氧暴露前减慢 0 .2 9mm/s ,大脑皮质血流量减少 3 4 % ,有非常显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。而脑缺血损伤动物暴露于 0 .2 5MPa高压氧 60min ,细动脉可在颈动脉再灌流后血流速度得到一定改善的基础上净增 0 .85mm/s ,细静脉血流速度增加 0 .3 1mm /s ,脑皮质血流量在高压氧暴露后可恢复到或接近脑损伤前水平。单纯脑缺血组在实验观测期间软脑膜细动静脉血液速度和脑皮质血流量均明显减少 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :机体不同状态 (脑缺血性损伤与正常机体 )高压氧暴露后脑血流动力作用出现的差异 ,可能与机体在不同状态下对氧的反应与需求有关。     

大鼠离体循环肺灌流时血管紧张素转化酶活性与心钠素含量变化的关系

本文观察大鼠离体循环肺灌流时血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)活性与心钠素(ANP)含量变化的关系。结果表明Captopril治疗组ACE活性较对照组明显降低(P<0.001),ANP含量则显著增加(P<0.001),并且随着灌流时间的延长ANP含量明显增加(P<0.05),其增加程度与ACE活性负相关(r=-0.725,P<0.01)。以上首次提示ACE可能具有降解ANP的活性,作者推测ACE对ANP与肾素-血管紧张素—醛固酮系统(RAAS)具有双向调节作用。心肾疾患等病理过程中则可能是增恶因子。     

诱发电位连续检测及其在低温心脏直视手术脑干监护中的应用

本文介绍了一种带自适应补偿的维纳滤波算法,和以该算法为基础形成的诱发电位连续监测软件,它作为NDI200型神经诊断仪的一种功能,可连续地记录和分析诱发电位信号,记录一次诱发电位所需的刺激数仅为平时的1/10。该软件配合NDI200神经诊断仪,在低温心脏直视手术脑干听觉诱发电位监护中首先得到了应用。     

Evaluation of the automated fluorescent analysis of the H-ras minisatellite after optimized PCR amplification in comparison with a standardized Southern blot technique

Determination of allele sizes? loss of heterozygosity or genetic instability at minisatellite VNTR loci, are routinely performed by the conventional Southern technique. We have investigated the potential use of automated DNA sequencer for the analysis of the H-ras minisatellite. We report the modifications of amplification parameters and electrophoresis conditions on the sequencer. Seventy-one colorectal carcinomas and the corresponding normal tissues were amplified with fluorescent-labeled primers, analyzed on sequencer, and concurrently controlled by Southern blotting. The results on sequencer showed that a Hydrolink matrix used in non-denaturing conditions and a specific analysis software facilitate a more accurate fragment size calculation.