Dark Tea: A popular beverage with possible medicinal application

Tea is a famous beverage that is produced from leaves of Camellia sinensis. Amongst the six major tea categories in China, dark tea is the only one that involves microbial fermentation in the manufacturing process, which contributes unique flavors and functions for the tea. In the recent decade, the reports about the biofunctions of dark teas have increased rapidly. Therefore it may be the proper time to consider dark tea as one potential homology of medicine and food. In this viewpoint, our current understanding of the chemical constituents, biological activities and possible health beneficial effects of dark teas were introduced. Some future directions and challenges to the development perspectives of dark teas were also discussed.     

Sediment Records of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) from the Anhui Province Section of Yangtze River,China

This study investigated the temporal changes of PBDEs in the sediment cores from the Anhui Province section of Yangtze River (YR), China. The dramatic increase of ∑Br₃-Br₉-BDEs and BDE-209 concentrations in cores in the period of ca. 1990–2008 was consistent with the booming of regional and national production and consumption of household appliances and electronics. Following declines in BDE-209 and ∑Br₃-Br₉-BDEs concentrations can be associated with the deceasing use of legacy commercial PBDE mixtures in recent years. Compared with the different regions around the world, sediments in the YR were moderately polluted by PBDEs. The levels and the detection rates of BDE-209 were highest among the detected PBDEs single congener. The composition analysis indicated that Deca-BDE, Octa-BDE, and Penta-BDE were the dominant forms in the YR. The increasing trends of both BDE-209 and ∑Br₃-Br₉-BDEs in the YR during 1990s and 2000s largely reflected the time periods for transferring PBDE sources from the developed countries to China. TOC and finer particles were strongly correlated with distributions of PBDEs in sediments.

     

渗透树脂联合微研磨或联合美白用于氟斑牙治疗的美学效果分析

目的:分析渗透树脂联合微研磨或联合美白用于治疗氟斑牙的美学效果。方法:筛选符合纳入标准的氟斑牙患者24例(80颗患牙,TSIF=4),随机分为渗透树脂+微研磨组、渗透树脂+美白组,并进行相应处理。口内照相后使用图像软件分析患牙治疗前(baseline T0)、1周复诊(T2)、6月复诊(T3)不同时刻病损区域与周围正常釉质区的色差值ΔE,根据2组色差值变化情况ΔE',评估不同方法治疗氟斑牙的美学改善情况。采用重复测量单因素方差分析对结果进行统计。结果:渗透树脂+美白组氟斑、色素去除效果更显著,与渗透树脂+微研磨组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且6个月内保持稳定。结论:渗透树脂联合美白治疗可以很大程度改善氟斑牙的美观。     

Er:YAG激光备洞对牙髓P物质表达的影响

目的探讨Er:YAG激光备洞对牙髓的生物学效应。方法雄性SD大鼠66只随机分为实验组与对照组,实验组大鼠左上第一磨牙用高速牙钻备洞,右上第一磨牙用Er:YAG激光备洞,对照组大鼠磨牙不作任何处理。于不同时段分批处死大鼠,取标本做HE染色进行牙髓组织病理学观察,免疫组化法观察P物质(substance P,SP)的表达情况。结果 Er:YAG激光备洞后牙髓组织病理学改变及P物质的表达改变恢复正常要快于高速牙钻备洞。结论 Er:YAG激光备洞对牙髓的刺激小。     

不同来源地骨皮药材中地骨皮甲素和乙素及阿魏酸的含量测定分析

目的测定并比较不同来源地骨皮药材(包括野生、栽培和市售)中地骨皮甲素、乙素和阿魏酸的含量。方法采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)法测定3种来源的地骨皮药材中地骨皮甲素/乙素和阿魏酸的含量。色谱柱为Synergi 4u Hydro-RP80A柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,4μm);流动相为乙腈-0.5%三氟乙酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为278 nm。结果来源于栽培的宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)地骨皮中地骨皮甲素/乙素含量普遍较高,均大于9.090 mg/g;来源于野生的枸杞(Lycium chinense Mill.)地骨皮以产于山西、陕西和宁夏的地骨皮甲素/乙素含量较高,在8.969~15.012 mg/g之间,呈现出一定的规律性;阿魏酸含量最高的4个样品均存在于来源为枸杞(Lycium chinense Mill.)的地骨皮中,其他样品中阿魏酸的含量均为7.459~39.258μg/g,无明显的规律性。结论地骨皮甲素/乙素可作为地骨皮质量控制的特征指标,且含量不应低于1 mg/g,建立的方法准确可靠,且专属性强,可为地骨皮的质量控制及其开发利用提供一定的科学依据。     

Stilbenoids isolated from the roots of Rheum lhasaense under the guidance of the acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity

Four unknown stilbenoids, including one dimer, namely 4′-methoxy-scirpusin A (5) and three monomeric stilbene glycosides, namely piceatannol-3′-O-[2′′-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (13), piceatannol-3′-O-(2′′-galloyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (14) and piceatannol-3′-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (16) together with 15 described compounds, were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract of roots of Rheum lhasaense based on the guidance of the inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase. The structures of the unknown compounds were established by combined spectroscopic analysis and comparing their spectral data with compounds with similar structures. Some selected components were also investigated for their inhibitory abilities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), indicating that compound 13 may be responsible for higher inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate fraction on AChE.

     

肺癌组织中糖转运蛋白1的表达与肿瘤耐药的关系

目的探讨肺癌组织中糖转运蛋白1(glucose transporter1,GLUT1)、多药耐药相关蛋白(multi-drug resistance related protein,MRP)和谷胱甘肽S转移酶-π(glutathione S-transferasepi,GST-π)的表达及其相关性。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测42例(其中男28例,女14例;平均年龄54.7岁。分型:小细胞癌2例,鳞癌21例,腺癌16例,细支气管肺泡癌3例)肺癌组织中GLUT1、MRP和GST-π的表达。结果42例肺癌组织中GLUT1阳性表达36例(85.7%);MRP阳性表达24例(57.1%);GST-π阳性表达23例(54.8%)。GLUT1表达与GST-π蛋白表达呈显著正相关性(P<0.05),与MRP表达无相关性(P>0.05)。肺癌组织T3、T4与T1、T2相比GLUT1、MRP和GST-π高表达率均明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。肺癌组织有淋巴结转移与无淋巴结转移相比,GLUT1、MRP和GST-π高表达率均明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论GLUT1在肺癌组织中高表达,并与GST-π表达有显著正相关性;GLUT1可能对GST-π的表达起上调作用。GLUT1、MRP和GST-π高表达与肺癌的浸润程度和淋巴结转移有关。     

环境因子对植物黄酮类化合物生物合成的影响

黄酮类化合物是一类具有多种生物及药理活性的植物次生代谢产物,其合成过程受到苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、查尔酮合成酶（CHS）、查尔酮异构酶（CHl）、黄烷酮醇还原酶（DFR）、异黄酮合成酶（IFS）等系列酶的调控,而这些酶的活性及其分子合成水平又受到光照、温度、水分、矿物质等环境因素的影响。本文列出了黄酮类化合物生物合成途径及其关键酶,并对环境因子影响黄酮生物合成及其分子机制的研究进展进行综述和评价。     

Improvement of prostate cancer detection by integrating the PSA test with miRNA expression profiling

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is limited in prostate cancer diagnosis due to its inaccuracy. A new approach which integrates the PSA test with miRNA profiling was investigated to improve prostate cancer diagnosis. Six prostate cancer-related miRNAs (miR-16, -21, -34c, -101, -125b, -141) were tested in five cultured prostate cell lines and 20 human prostate specimens. We found that the miRNA expression profiles were significantly different between nontumorigenic and tumorigenic cell lines and specimens. Positive predictive value analysis of prostate cancer was increased from 40% to 87.5% by integrating patient PSA blood levels with miR-21 and miR-141 profiles.     

3α-Bromo-epipicropodophyllin and Its Derivatives： Novel Analoguesof Podophyllotoxin with Antitumor Activities

3α-bromo-epipicropodophyllin was prepared and its inhibition activities against KB cells andL1210 leukemia cells in vitro are higher than those of VP-16, a widely used drug in clinic at present. This is the firsttime to introduce substitution at C-3 of ring-C in the work of modifying structure of podophyllotoxin. It can betransformed easily to 4β-hydroxy-2,3-ene-apopicropodophyllin under basic condition, so that, correspondingderivatives of 2,3-ene-apopicropodophyllin with substitution on carbon-4 could be synthesized. This compound canbe regarded not only as a leading compound to be modified because of its antitumor activities, but also as anintermediate for the structure transformation.