无缝线小切口隧道内碎核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植人术的临床观察

目的评价无缝线小切口隧道内碎核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的效果和安全性。方法采用无缝线小切口隧道内碎核白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入术，治疗1094例（1249只眼）白内障患者。结果术后1周视力大于0．5者78．90％，术后1个月视力大于0．5者96．9％，视力在1．0-1．5者38．8％。术前平均散光度0．88±0．42（D），术后1个月平均散光度1．08±0．35（D），两者比较无统计学意义。结论无缝线小切口隧道内碎核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术，患者术后视力恢复良好，散光小，经济，是适合我国农村的白内障手术方法。     

经瞳孔温热疗法治疗脉络膜新生血管的围手术期护理

经瞳孔温热疗法(TTT)是近年来眼科激光治疗脉络膜新生血管的一种新方法。报告了18例18眼TTT治疗脉络膜新生血管的围手术期护理。术前做好心理护理,协助医生做好各项检查,充分散瞳。术中配合医生固定好患者头部,指导患者正确配合治疗。术后给予眼部用药,预防感染,做好健康宣教。本组获随访3个月至2年,视力明显提高4例,保持稳定9例,视力下降5例。     

奥曲肽抑制小鼠视网膜新生血管形成的研究

目的 观察奥曲肽对氧致小鼠视网膜新生血管形成的抑制作用,探讨其作用机制。 方法 20只新生小鼠进入密闭氧箱饲养5 d,在正常环境下继续饲养5 d。治疗组在结束给氧后给予奥曲肽50μg／kg腹腔注射每天2次,连续5 d,对照组给予等量生理盐水注射。出生第17 d时处死小鼠摘除眼球固定后切片,行HE染色计数突破内界膜的内皮细胞数,VEGF免疫组化检测视网膜VEGF表达。 结果 对照组平均每个切面突破视网膜内界膜的内皮细胞数为22个,治疗组平均为13个,两者相比差异有显著意义(P<0.01);治疗组VEGF染色较对照组减弱。 结论 奥曲肽能有效抑制氧致小鼠视网膜新生血管形成,有可能用于新生血管性疾病的治疗。     

生长抑素类药物在Graves眼病的研究进展

Graves眼病发生和病程持续与某些细胞因子和生长因子水平异常有关，生长抑素及其类似物由于对这些因子的抑制及抗细菌增殖的作用而引起眼科学家的重视。本对生长抑素类药物的特性及其在Graves眼病诊断和治疗方面的研究作一综述。     

四川省医疗机构眼科现状调查及分析

目的为四川省防盲治盲及眼科发展提供参考依据。方法采用卫生部统一设计的眼科机构现状调查表,于1996、2003年分别对四川省县、县级以上医疗机构眼科现状进行问卷调查。结果四川省各级医疗机构眼科在门诊、手术人次及从事眼科工作的人员等方面2003年较1996年均有较大幅度的增长,其中眼科手术量从46012例增长到81941例,白内障手术从16627例增加到34506例,但各级医院增长不平衡。结论不同等级的医院在开展眼科复明手术、眼科从业医师的级别等方面存在很大的差别。整合及合理利用各级医疗机构眼科的资源是各级政府及卫生行政部门需要面对的重要问题。     

经瞳孔温热疗法治疗眼底新生血管的护理

以脉络膜新生血管（chomdial nevascularization，CNV）、盘状瘢痕为特征的湿性老年性黄斑变性常引起严重的视力下降，渗漏、出血是导致视力严重下降的主要原因。药物对CNV的防治没有确切效果，目前治疗CNV的主要方法是激光光凝，但因其可对视网膜造成永久性损害而应用受限。经瞳孔温热疗法（transpupillary thermotherapy，TTT）是近年来眼科激光治疗的一种新方法，国内外已开始应用于AMD等引起的CNV等疾病，获得了较好的效果。     

经瞳孔温热疗法治疗眼底新生血管的护理

以脉络膜新生血管(chomdial nevascularization,CNV)、盘状瘢痕为特征的湿性老年性黄斑变性常引起严重的视力下降,渗漏、出血是导致视力严重下降的主要原因.药物对CNV的防治没有确切效果,目前治疗CNV的主要方法是激光光凝,但因其可对视网膜造成永久性损害而应用受限[1].经瞳孔温热疗法(transpupillary thermotherapy,TTT)是近年来眼科激光治疗的一种新方法,国内外已开始应用于AMD等引起的CNV等疾病,获得了较好的效果[2,3].我院自2003年以来应用TTT治疗眼底病30余例,其中CNV患者25例,获得较好的效果,现报道如下.     

在偏远少数民族地区集中开展白内障手术的体会

2012年9月，四川省防盲办在壤塘县开展了为期5天的白内障复明工作，完成手术210例，期间无1例严重并发症发生，得到当地群众高度赞扬。针对基层医疗条件差，卫生条件落后的现状，笔者就如何在基层医院顺利开展防盲手术，总结了几点心得体会。     

Time-dependent Expression of PEDF and VEGF in Blood Serum and Retina of Rats with Oxygen-induced Retinopathy

The effects of the balance changes of pigment epithelium growth factor(PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in whole-body and retinal tissue on rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy were investigated. Forty-eight neonatal SD rats at the age of 7 days were randomly divided into 4 groups. The neonatal rats in experimental groups were exposed to 75% to 80% oxygen for 5 days and then to normal air, and those in control groups were kept feeding in normal air. At the age of 17 and 22 days, all the neonatal rats received retina angiography with FITC-dextran and the pathological changes of retinal vessels and perfusion were observed. HE staining of the tissue section and the number counting of endothelial cells extending beyond the inner limiting membrane were performed to evaluate the endothelial proliferation. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of PEDF and VEGF in retinal tissue, and ELISA to detect their expression in serum. A hypoxic-ischemic proliferation of retina and more endothelial cells extending beyond the inner limiting membrane were found in the neonatal rats in both experimental groups of 17-day old and 22-day old as compared with those in control group with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.01). VEGF staining of the rats in the 17-day old experimental group was significantly stronger, with an increasing positive rate, than that of the rats in the 17-day old control group(P<0.01). PEDF staining of the rats of 22 days old was weaker than that of the rats of 17 days old in the experimental groups(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in serum VEGF concentration among all groups(P>0.05). The serum PEDF concentration in the rats of 17 days old in experimental group was decreased significantly as compared with that in the rats of 17 days old in control group(P<0.01), and in experimental groups, the serum PEDF concentration of the rats of 22 days old was increased as compared with that of the rats of 17 days old(P<0.01). In conclusion, the obviously decreased serum PEDF concentration and the abnormal enhanced expression of VEGF density in local retinal tissue broke down the balance of PEDF/VEGF in whole-body or local tissues, which might play an important role in retinal vascular proliferation.     

25 G+微创玻璃体切割术后不同硅油取出时间的临床观察

目的探讨25 G+微创玻璃体切割手术硅油填充眼不同硅油取出时间的影响。方法我院行25 g玻璃体切割手术及硅油填充的患者109例(109眼),按照是否发生硅油乳化分为两组。对照组(86眼)发生乳化;研究组(23眼)未发生乳化。观察两组手术前后视力、眼压、眼底并发症的发生情况。结果术后未见眼压6 mm Hg的病例,发生玻璃体腔出血者10例,均在一周内吸收;术后三个月随访未发生脉络膜脱离,1例视网膜脱离再发生,为患者碰伤导致。硅油填充时间是硅油乳化的影响因素(P0.05);所有患者在取出硅油后视力均较取油术前提高(P0.05);取油前后眼压比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 25 G+微创玻璃体切割手术硅油填充眼,硅油取出时间≤10周是安全的,此时硅油还未乳化,可尽量避免硅油填充带来的眼内并发症的发生。