An epidemiologic study of sleep-disordered breathing in a large sample of Chinese adolescents

Journal of Public Health - Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common among adolescents and is associated with short- and long-term consequences. Data on the prevalence and epidemiologic...     

Dynamic profile of ocular refraction in pediatric cataract patients after lens surgeries

AIM: To study the change in ocular refraction in patients with pediatric cataracts (PCs) after lens extraction. METHODS: A total of 1258 patients who were undergoing cataract extraction with/without intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were recruited during preoperative examinations between Jan 2010 and Oct 2013. Patient ages ranged from 1.5mo to 14y. Follow-ups were conducted at 1wk, 1, and 3mo postoperatively and every 3mo in the first year, then 6mo thereafter. Ocular refraction [evaluated as spherical equivalent (SE)] and yearly myopic shift (YMS) were recorded and statistically analyzed among patients with age at surgery, baseline ocular refraction, gender, postoperative time and laterality (bilateral vs unilateral). RESULTS: By Dec 31st 2015, 1172 participants had been followed for more than 2y. The median follow-up period was 3y. The critical factors affecting the ocular refraction of PC patients were baseline ocular refraction, postoperative time for both aphakic and pseudophakic eyes. YMS grew most rapidly in young childhood and early adolescence. CONCLUSION: After lens surgeries, ocular refraction in PC patients shows an individual difference of change. Further concerns should be raising to monitor the rapid myopic shift at early adolescence of these patients.     

白细胞介素-10基因多态性与儿童肠道病毒71型感染的相关性研究

目的 探讨白细胞介素-10（IL-10）基因位点-1082A/G、-819C/T和-592C/A多态性与IL-10水平及儿童肠道病毒71型（EV71）感染程度的关系。方法 选取EV71感染的手足口病患儿137例为研究对象,其中轻症组91例,重症组46例,另选取行健康体检儿童122例为健康对照组,采集临床数据。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清IL-10水平。采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）分析技术检测IL-10基因位点-1082A/G、-819C/T和-592C/A的多态性。结果 与健康对照组相比,EV71感染组患儿的-1082位点AA基因型频率和A等位基因频率更高（P < 0.05）。在EV71感染组中,重症组-1082位点AA基因型频率和A等位基因频率高于轻症组（P < 0.05）。两组间IL-10基因位点-819C/T和-592C/A多态性的分布比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。重症组患儿血清IL-10水平明显高于轻症组和健康对照组（P < 0.05）。IL-10-1082 AA基因型、-819 TT基因型和-592 AA基因型与IL-10的低表达有关（P < 0.05）。在单倍型构建上,EV71感染组GCC单倍型的频率低于健康对照组（P < 0.05）。在EV71重症感染组中,ATA单倍型患儿的IL-10水平较其他单倍型显著降低,而GCC患儿的IL-10水平较其他单倍型显著升高（P < 0.05）;轻症组和健康对照组各单倍型间的IL-10水平比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 IL-10基因多态性与IL-10表达水平及EV71感染严重程度有关。     

三种不同方法测量年龄相关性白内障患者前房深度的比较

目的：：比较光学生物学测量仪( IOL Master )、接触式和浸润式A超对前房深度( anterior chamber depth,ACD)的测量结果,分析三种测量方法是否存在差异及其一致性。方法：选取2013-07/10于我院诊断为年龄相关性白内障患者58例98眼术前分别进行IOL Master、接触式A超和浸润式A超的ACD测量,应用方差分析对三种方法的测量结果差异进行比较,应用Blant-Altman分析法比较其一致性。结果：IOL Master 测量 ACD 为2.31~3.90(平均3.03±0.38) mm;接触式 A 超测量 ACD 为1.51~4.06(平均2.88±0.56)mm;浸润式A超测量ACD为1.99~4.17(平均3.17±0.38)mm。 IOL Master和接触式A超的ACD测量值差异有统计学意义( P=0.022<0.05)。 IOL Master和浸润式A超ACD测量值差异有统计学意义( P=0.031<0.05)。接触式A超与浸润式A超ACD测量值差异有统计学意义(P=0.000<0.05)。三种方法相互间一致性均较差。结论：三种方法测量白内障患者ACD时,浸润式A超测得结果最大,IOL Master次之,接触式A超测得结果最小,三者相互间一致性均较差,临床不建议相互替代。     

极早产儿住院期间死亡的列线图预测模型的建立北大核心CSCD

目的构建预测极早产儿住院期间死亡风险的列线图模型。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年12月郑州大学第三附属医院新生儿科收治的极早产儿1714例的临床资料。按7:3比率将1714例极早产儿随机分为训练队列(1179例)和验证队列(535例),通过logistic回归分析筛选独立预测因子并建立列线图模型,并由验证集评估列线图预测模型的可行性。最后,分别采用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)、校准曲线和决策曲线分析对模型的鉴别能力、准确性和临床实用性进行评估。结果1714例极早产儿中,住院期间死亡260例,存活1454例。对训练集进行多因素logistic回归分析后筛选出胎龄<28周、出生体重<1000g、重度窒息、重度脑室内出血(intraventricular hemorrhage,IVH)、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)、败血症、剖宫产、孕母产前使用糖皮质激素等8个变量建立列线图预测模型。训练队列中列线图模型预测极早产儿住院期间死亡发生的AUC为0.790(95%CI:0.751~0.828),验证队列中列线图模型预测极早产儿住院期间死亡发生的AUC为0.808(95%CI:0.754~0.861)。Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示出较好的拟合度(P>0.05)。决策曲线分析显示当训练队列和验证队列的阈值概率分别为10%~60%和10%~70%时对极早产儿进行临床干预具有较高的净收益。结论构建并验证了预测极早产儿住院期间死亡风险的预测模型,可帮助临床医生预测极早产儿住院期间的死亡概率。     

Effects of sunlight on the eye

Sunlight consists of lights of continuous spectra. Ultraviolet light and blue light in the sunlight have higher energy. High dose exposure to sunlight can cause direct cellular damage. In the eye, sunlight is known to cause pathological changes in various eye structures. We reviewed the studies on the role of sunlight in corneal diseases, cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration in recent years. Possible sunlight-triggered signaling pathways and mechanisms in the eye are summarized. Excessive exposure to sunlight may lead to increased DNA damage, aberrant protein modification and aggregation, and oxidative stress of ocular tissues, and thus results in the development of ocular diseases. Accordingly, physical protection, topical and/or oral antioxidants and small molecules blocking sunlight-activated signal pathways could be used independently or combinedly to prevent and reduce sunlight-induced ocular damages.     

Triterpenoids with antioxidant activities from Myricaria squamosa

A new triterpenoid, namely myricarin C (compound 1), together with three known compounds myricarin A (compound 2) and myricarin B (compound 3), 3α-hydroxy-D-friedoolean-14-en-28-oic acid (compound 4), was isolated from the overground part of Myricaria squamosa. Compound 2 and compound 3 existed in the solution by the form of cis-trans isomers. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. The antioxidant properties of all compounds were calculated based on the DPPH radical scavenging activities. Results showed that myricarin A and myricarin C had general antioxidant activities with EC₅₀ values of 40.90 μg/ml, 42.22 μg/ml, respectively, compared to the control, rutin (5.17 μg/ml). The EC₅₀ values of myricarin B was 195.81 μg/ml. Compound 4 had no antioxidant activities.     

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence rate and influencing factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight/obese children北大核心CSCD

目的 调查医院就诊的超重/肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的患病率,并探讨NAFLD发生的影响因素,为超重/肥胖儿童NAFLD的预防提供依据。方法 招募2019年6月-2021年9月在湖南省儿童医院就诊的超重/肥胖儿童作为研究对象,调查NAFLD患病率,并采用logistic回归分析探讨NAFLD,包括单纯性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver,NAFL)和非酒精性脂肪肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)发生的影响因素。采用受试者操作特征曲线分析评价影响因素对NAFL及NASH的预测价值。结果 共纳入844例超重/肥胖儿童,年龄为6~17岁。NAFLD患病率为38.2%(322/844),其中NAFL和NASH患病率分别为28.8%(243/844)和9.4%(79/844)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,腰臀比(waist-to-hip ratio,WHR)增加及低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症与NAFL和NASH的发生有关(P<0.05)。受试者操作特征曲线分析显示:WHR和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇联合检测预测NAFL的曲线下面积为0.653 (95%CI:0.613~0.694);二者联合检测预测NASH的曲线下面积为0.771 (95%CI:0.723~0.819)。结论 医院就诊的超重/肥胖儿童NAFLD的患病率较高;WHR和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与NAFLD的发生有关,二者联合检测对NAFLD的发生具有一定的预测价值。     

Effective connectivity decreases in specific brain networks with postparalysis facial synkinesis: a dynamic causal modeling study

Brain Imaging and Behavior - Currently, the treatments for postparalysis facial synkinesis are still inadequate. However, neuroimaging mechanistic studies are very limited and blurred. Instead of...     

新冠疫情期间眼病患者线上问诊模式与影响因素分析

目的：新型冠状病毒疫情期间,中山大学中山眼科中心在严格防控疫情的前提下及时开展免费线上“专家问诊”服务,眼科医师在线答疑以满足眼病诊疗需求。本研究对疫情期间眼科患者线上问诊的需求与模式进行分析,为眼科互联网诊疗体系的优化提供依据。

方法：前瞻性观察性研究。本研究分析了2020-02-01/03-15期间,使用中山眼科中心互联网医院“专家问诊”服务患者的基线特征。针对其中重复问诊的患者,随机抽取等量单次问诊患者作为对照,比较单次问诊与重复问诊患者的基线特征、就诊目的、疾病类型、眼病数量,并对患者问诊次数的影响因素进行分析。

结果：研究期间“专家问诊”共线上服务患者9 831人次,其中单次问诊3 919人次,5 912人次来源于1 967人的重复问诊。随机抽取1 967名单次问诊者与上述重复问诊者对比,单次问诊与重复问诊患者的年龄、性别分布无统计学差异(P=0.897, 0.482)。两组就诊目的均以“旧病复诊”占比最高(59.7%,64.9%)。从构成比上看,与单次问诊患者相比,重复问诊患者中,就诊目的为新发不适者较少,旧病复诊与术后复查者较多,眼表、眼底、葡萄膜疾病患者较多,患有两种及以上眼病者占比较多。回归分析显示屈光患者倾向单次问诊,而旧病复诊、术后短期复诊患者,眼底、葡萄膜疾病患者倾向重复问诊。旧病复诊、术后随访较新发不适患者重复问诊的次数更多; 晶状体与青光眼/疑似青光眼疾病重复问诊次数较少,眼表疾病重复问诊次数较多。

结论：疫情期间眼科患者线上就诊主要目的为旧病复诊。疾病种类、就诊目的与眼病数量均影响患者是否重复问诊及问诊次数,应根据患者的就诊需求与模式调整眼科不同亚专科线上接诊医生的数量与排班。互联网医疗对新发不适患者的诊疗能力有待进一步提高。