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Lonnie Embleton Juddy Wachira Allan Kamanda Violet Naanyu David Ayuku 《Culture, health & sexuality》2016,18(3):337-348
Street-connected youth in Kenya are a population potentially at risk of HIV transmission, yet little is known about their perceptions and experiences of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), despite their living in an HIV endemic region. We sought to elucidate the language and sociocultural factors rooted in street life that impact on street-connected young people’s knowledge of and perceptions about the prevention and transmission of STIs, and their diagnosis and treatment, using qualitative methods in western Kenya. We conducted a total of 25 in-depth interviews and 5 focus-group discussions with 65 participants aged 11–24 years in Eldoret, Kenya. Thematic analysis was conducted and data were coded according to themes and patterns emergent until saturation was reached. In general, street-connected young people knew of STIs and some of the common symptoms associated with these infections. However, there were many misconceptions regarding transmission and prevention. Gender inequities were prominent, as the majority of men described women as individuals who spread STIs due to unhygienic practices, urination and multiple partners. Due to misconceptions, gender inequity and lack of access to youth-friendly healthcare there is an urgent need for community-based organisations and healthcare facilities to introduce or augment their adolescent sexual and reproductive health programmes for vulnerable young people. 相似文献
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Chakrabhan ML Chandra V Levav I Pengjuntr W Bhugra D Mendis N Na A van Ommeren M 《Prehospital and disaster medicine》2005,20(6):414-419
This is a summary of the presentations and discussion of Panel 2.6, Mental and Psychosocial Effects of the Tsunami on the Affected Populations of the Conference, Health Aspects of the Tsunami Disaster in Asia, convened by the World Health Organization (WHO) in Phuket, Thailand, 04-06 May 2005. The topics discussed included issues related to mental and psychological aspects as pertaining to the damage created by the Tsunami. It is presented in the following major sections: (1) responses; (2) needs assessment; (3) coordination; (4) gap filling; (5) capacity building; (6) stakeholder agreement; and (7) conclusions and recommendations. In the responses discussion, issues included: (1) psychosocial support services; (2) mental health services; and (3) the Thai response. Subsections in the stakeholder agreement section include: (1) public-private partnerships; and (2) preparedness. 相似文献
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A new dimension in vesicovaginal fistula management: an 8-year experience at Ramathibodi hospital 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
OBJECTIVE: Vesicovaginal fistula is mostly iatrogenic in origin and causes devastating medical, social, psychogenic and hygienic consequences. The aetiology has changed since the nineteenth century, becoming more associated with hysterectomy rather than other obstetric procedures, which were common in the past. We studied the causes, clinical presentations and management of vesicovaginal fistula in our institute during 1998 to 2005. METHODS: From 1998 to 2005, 45 patients were treated in our hospital, of whom 35 were referred from other hospitals after failed surgery. All the medical records were reviewed. Fistulae, clinical presentation, clinical findings, means of treatment and clinical outcome as well as complications were noted. RESULTS: The most common cause of a fistula in our study was post laparoscopic hysterectomy that comprised 28 cases (62.2%). Transabdominal hysterectomy caused fistula in 10 cases (22.2%) and vaginal hysterectomy only four cases (8.8%). Most cases of vesicovaginal fistulae after laparoscopic hysterectomy presented with early urinary leakage, of which 35.7% presented within 1 week and 50% in the second week. Most of the patients after transabdominal hysterectomies (90%) had leakage in the second week. All patients were treated with surgical repair, 19 cases by a transvaginal approach and 26 cases by a transabdominal repair. Seventeen cases in the transvaginal group and 25 cases in the transabdominal group were dry after the first operation. The rest of both groups were dry after the second operation. After 38 months of follow-up, no complication or incontinence was noted. CONCLUSION: Vesicovaginal fistula is still a serious iatrogenic consequence and causes suffering in the physical, emotional and social functioning of patients. The study found that the condition is now more frequently associated with laparoscopic hysterectomy. Successful closure of the fistula requires an accurate and timely repair using procedures that exploit basic surgical principles. With the appropriate surgical expertise, all patients can be cured of this distressing condition. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: We attempted to determine whether tamsulosin is an efficacious therapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women. METHODS: A total of 140 women, aged 27-69 years old with LUTS entered a randomized double-blind study comparing tamsulosin (70) versus placebo (70) for 1 month. The outcome variables were mean change from baseline of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), mean change from baseline of mean and maximum urinary flow rate and any adverse effects. RESULTS: Mean change from baseline of IPSS (standard deviation, SD) were -5.6 (6.3) in the tamsulosin group and -2.6 (6.1) in the placebo group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.008). Mean change from baseline of mean urinary flow rate (SD) was 0.7 (2.7) mL/second in the tamsulosin group and -0.5 (2.6) mL/second in the placebo group. The difference was also statistically significant (p = 0.013). However, the difference in mean change from baseline of maximum urinary flow rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.506). There were two patients in the tamsulosin group who experienced dizziness and asthenia. No other adverse effect was detected. CONCLUSION: Tamsulosin is more efficacious than placebo in the treatment of LUTS in women. 相似文献
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Leonard Mzee Ngunga Gerald Yonga Benjamin Wachira Justin A. Ezekowitz 《Global Heart》2018,13(4):255-260