绝对期青光眼并发眼球破裂及暴发性脉络膜上腔出血一例

患者女78岁因左眼突发疼痛伴流血15小时于2006年6月1日入院。患者于2006年6月1日晨起时左眼突发疼痛伴流血,到当地医院就诊考虑为左眼球破裂、球内肿物,遂转我院治疗。既往双眼青光眼病史10余年,未曾治疗,双眼失明半年。否认眼部外伤病史及高血压、糖尿病病史。入院检查:全身一     

多发性一过性白点综合征的频域光相干断层扫描检查特征

多发性一过性白点综合征(MEWDS)的发病原因及机制至今不明[1].目前,MEWDS的临床表现、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)及吲哚青绿血管造影(ICGA)图像特征已有较多报道[2-6],但有关其光相干断层扫描(OCT)图像特征报道较少[7,8].因此,我们采用频域光相干断层扫描(FD-OCT)仪对一组MEWDS患者的眼底进行检查和随访,重点观察眼底灰白色病灶在FD-OCT中的变化.现将结果报道如下.     

多发性一过性白点综合征的临床表现及治疗

目的 探讨多发性一过性白点综合征( MEWDS)的临床表现及治疗.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月至2010年12月确诊的8例MEWDS病例的临床资料,总结其临床特征.结果 8例MEWDS患者均为单眼发病,其中男性3例,女性5例.平均年龄为33岁(19～48岁).就诊时平均发病时间为6.5 d(2～12 d).初诊时平均矫正视力为0.54(0.15～0.8).所有患眼玻璃体内均有炎症细胞.眼底检查所有患眼视网膜深层均可见多个灰白色圆形斑点状病灶,直径约50～500μm,边界欠清晰,表面无隆起.有3例(37.5％)还伴随视乳头充血.FFA早期所有患眼白点状病灶对应部位呈圆形强荧光斑,晚期呈强荧光染色;4只眼(50％)出现视乳头强荧光,3只眼(37.5％)伴随视网膜血管节段性渗漏.ICGA早期所有患眼均基本正常;而晚期所有患眼(100％)眼底后极部均可见大量边界清晰的斑点状低荧光灶散在或密集分布,与脉络膜毛细血管呈小叶状分布的解剖特征相符.OCT检查发现白点状病灶部位视细胞内节/外节( IS/OS)层反光带紊乱,部分完全消失.经小剂量糖皮质激素治疗,2～3月后所有患眼均完全痊愈.结论 MEWDS属于脉络膜毛细血管层炎症性病变,发病较快,视功能中度受损,预后好.FFA及ICGA检查对MEWDS的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值,而OCT检查对病情的随访观察有重要意义.     

多灶性脉络膜炎临床前期眼底血管与吲哚青绿血管造影分析

目的 探讨临床前期多灶性脉络膜炎(Multifocal choroiditis,MC)荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)和吲哚青绿血管造影(Indocyanine green angiography,,ICGA)同步检查的影像学特征及其临床意义.方法 回顾分析10例确诊为MC患者的临床资料,分别对其FFA和ICGA对比分析.结果 10例患者17只眼中只有一例MC复发患者双眼后极部发现3～5个边界清楚的萎缩灶,其余15只眼眼底均未发现异常,3例患者玻璃体发现轻度的炎症细胞存在,17只眼FFA未发现活动期炎症病灶的存在;ICGA早期及中期无异常改变,而后期在后极部或视盘周围则出现圆形或椭圆形低荧光斑,成簇状分布,有的融合在一起.结论 临床前期的多灶性脉络膜炎眼底及FFA无明显改变,易误诊为其他疾病,ICGA有助于确诊,为指导治疗、挽救患者的视力以及缩短患者的病程提供了很大的帮助.     

前房密闭下单针缝合法治疗虹膜根部离断临床观察

在前房密闭下应用我们自行设计的带线缝合针治疗虹膜根部离断，观察前房密闭下单针缝合法治疗虹膜根部离断的疗效。结果显示，9例离断的虹膜都得到较为满意的修复，未出现并发症，术后瞳孔基本恢复圆形或椭圆形，复视症状消失。认为前房密闭下单针缝合法治疗虹膜根部离断是一种简便、安全、有效、微创的手术方式，值得临床上推广应用。     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变神经上皮脱离区的频域光相干断层扫描观察

Objective To evaluate the morphological changes of retinal neuroepithelium of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT). Methods FD-OCT scan was performed on 92 eyes of 88 patients with CSC. The CSC diagnosis was established by international visual acuity chart, slit-lamp microscope, direct/indirect ophthalmoscope, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). 6 mm horizontal line OCT scan was performed utilizing the infrared light emitted by diode, the scan depth was 2 mm with a 6 mm × 6 mmtransverse area. The vertical and horizontal resolution was 5 μm and 18/.tin respectively. The scan mode was 512× 128. Results The uplift of retinal neuroepithelium, separation or abnormal band of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) were found in all eyes. There were 83 eyes (90. 22%) of pigment epithelial detachment (PED), 68 eyes (73.91%) of nodular protruding of RPE, 5 eyes (5. 43%) of localized RPE defects in the PED lesion, 36 eyes (39.14%) of dust-like reflects in the subretinal space and 59 eyes (64. 14%) of granular deposits in the subretinal space. Conclusion Fourier-domain OCT scans can detect detailed morphologic changes in the retina of CSC patients.     

以眼部首诊的嗜铬细胞瘤一例

患者女15岁主因右眼视物不清1个月,左眼视物不清7d而就诊。既往未曾测量过血压。全身情况:血压90/60m m H g,血常规:白细胞13.7×109/L,红细胞4.57×1012/L,血小板365×109/L,血红蛋白190g/L,尿常规:尿蛋白( ),心肺无异常,腹平软,未触及肿物,双肾区无隆起及叩痛。视力右0.02(-5.50DS=0.25),左0.12(-5.50DS=0.6),近视力右1.0,左1.0。双眼前节及双眼玻璃体未见异常,眼底:双眼视视乳头边界欠清,色红,其中右眼视乳头轻度隆起,视网膜动脉细,反光增强,静脉纡曲扩张,盘周视网膜上可见散在小片状及线状出血沿神经纤维层分布,并见大量棉絮斑,右眼…     

眼底伴有灰色病灶的急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的光学影像学特征

目的 观察眼底伴有灰色病灶的急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)的光学影像学特征.方法 回顾分析经直接和间接检眼镜、眼底照相、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(ICGA)、频域光相干断层扫描(FD-OCT)检查确诊的23例眼底伴有灰色病灶的急性CSC患者26只眼的临床资料,对比观察彩色眼底像、FFA、ICGA、FD-OCT检查结果,重点观察灰色病灶在各种检查中的光学影像表现.结果 FFA早期所有患眼的灰色病灶处均有1～3个不等的活动性视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelium,RPE)渗漏点出现,后期病灶均呈强荧光着色;ICGA早期所有患眼的灰色病灶及其周围的脉络膜血管区域性充盈迟缓,呈斑片状弱荧光,且弱荧光灶内也有强荧光漏点出现,与FFA中RPE渗漏点相对应.其中,23只眼弱荧光灶内还有脉络膜血管扩张,呈条带状强荧光,占88.46％;5只眼伴有小叶状脉络膜毛细血管扩张,呈斑片状强荧光,占15.39％.ICGA后期,灰色病灶处亦均呈强荧光着色.FD-OCT检查,所有患眼灰色病灶对应处神经上皮下脱离腔内有柱状、环形中高等光反射物质连接于神经上皮和色素上皮脱离(PED)灶之间.其中,5只眼有RPE局部断裂,占15.39％.结论 眼底伴有灰色病灶的急性CSC有其独自的光学影像学特征,表现为:(1) FFA早期灰色病灶处有活动性RPE渗漏点出现,而后期呈强荧光染色;(2) ICGA早期灰色病灶处脉络膜血管表现为灌注不良或高灌注,后期亦呈强荧光染色;(3) FD-OCT显示灰色病灶处神经上皮下脱离腔内有中高等光反射物质分布,可伴有RPE局部断裂.     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变神经上皮脱离区的频域光相干断层扫描观察

Objective To evaluate the morphological changes of retinal neuroepithelium of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT). Methods FD-OCT scan was performed on 92 eyes of 88 patients with CSC. The CSC diagnosis was established by international visual acuity chart, slit-lamp microscope, direct/indirect ophthalmoscope, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). 6 mm horizontal line OCT scan was performed utilizing the infrared light emitted by diode, the scan depth was 2 mm with a 6 mm × 6 mmtransverse area. The vertical and horizontal resolution was 5 μm and 18/.tin respectively. The scan mode was 512× 128. Results The uplift of retinal neuroepithelium, separation or abnormal band of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) were found in all eyes. There were 83 eyes (90. 22%) of pigment epithelial detachment (PED), 68 eyes (73.91%) of nodular protruding of RPE, 5 eyes (5. 43%) of localized RPE defects in the PED lesion, 36 eyes (39.14%) of dust-like reflects in the subretinal space and 59 eyes (64. 14%) of granular deposits in the subretinal space. Conclusion Fourier-domain OCT scans can detect detailed morphologic changes in the retina of CSC patients.     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变神经上皮脱离区的频域光相干断层扫描观察

Objective To evaluate the morphological changes of retinal neuroepithelium of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT). Methods FD-OCT scan was performed on 92 eyes of 88 patients with CSC. The CSC diagnosis was established by international visual acuity chart, slit-lamp microscope, direct/indirect ophthalmoscope, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). 6 mm horizontal line OCT scan was performed utilizing the infrared light emitted by diode, the scan depth was 2 mm with a 6 mm × 6 mmtransverse area. The vertical and horizontal resolution was 5 μm and 18/.tin respectively. The scan mode was 512× 128. Results The uplift of retinal neuroepithelium, separation or abnormal band of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) were found in all eyes. There were 83 eyes (90. 22%) of pigment epithelial detachment (PED), 68 eyes (73.91%) of nodular protruding of RPE, 5 eyes (5. 43%) of localized RPE defects in the PED lesion, 36 eyes (39.14%) of dust-like reflects in the subretinal space and 59 eyes (64. 14%) of granular deposits in the subretinal space. Conclusion Fourier-domain OCT scans can detect detailed morphologic changes in the retina of CSC patients.