干扰素病毒唑联合治疗慢性丙型肝炎疗效及干扰素抗体的影响

目的 :研究干扰素与病毒唑联合治疗慢性丙型肝炎疗效及干扰素抗体的影响。方法 :观察组 2 0例采用干扰素 α2b 3MvTiwIH +病毒唑 10 0 0mgQdpo连用 2 4周 ;对照组 3 2例采用干扰素 α2b 3MvTiwiH连用 2 4周。停药后观察 2 4周比较疗效并检测干扰抗体。结果 :观察组完全应答率为 5 0 % ,明显高于对照组 18.7% ;复发率为 2 5 .0 %低于对照组 5 6.3 % (P <0 .0 1)。无反应率均为 2 5 .0 %。且复发与干扰素抗体尤其是中和抗体有关。结论 :观察组疗效优于对照组 ,复发与干扰素抗体尤其是中和抗体有关。     

Clinical and pathological analysis of 101 cases of ANCA-associated vasculitic kidney injury

Objective

To analyze the clinical and pathological features of patients with anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitic (AASV)-kidney injury (AASVKI).

Methods

From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 101 AASVKI patients treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University were divided into 2 groups (the pANCA-positive group and the cANCA-positive group) for comparison; 63 patients were performed renal biopsy and divided into 3 groups according to pathological results [the non-crescent nephritis group (non-C), the crescent nephritis group (C), and the sclerotic nephritis group (S)] for comparison.

Results

Compared with the Group pANCA, Group cANCA exhibited higher incidence of eye involvement (P?=?0.039) and skin mucosa destruction (P?=?0.045), higher serum creatinine (Scr) (P?<?0.001), higher 24-h urine protein quantification (P?=?0.045), but lower hemoglobin (Hb) (P?<?0.001). Compared with Group non-C, Group C had higher Scr (P?<?0.001) and urinary red blood cells (P?=?0.010), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P?=?0.003), hemoglobin (HD)-dependence (P?=?0.042), and higher mortality rate within 1 year (P?=?0.005); compared with Group S, Group C had faster onset of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P?=?0.031), higher urinary red blood cells (P?=?0.029), and lower incidence of HD-dependence (P?=?0.038).

Conclusions

AASVKI patients with positive cANCA have poor renal function, among whom the patients with crescent type have poorer renal function than those with non-crescent type, have higher urinary red blood cells while lower HD-dependence than those with sclerotic type.

     

灯盏花素在家犬与家兔体内的药代动力学研究

目的:研究灯盏花素在家犬与家兔体内的药代动力学.方法:采用液-液萃取法制备血样供试品,HPLC法测定.结果:灯盏花素在家犬体内的过程符合双室模型,主要药动学参数为:A=56.93±23.14,B=1.61±1.11,α=0.2328±0.1321min-,β=0.0255±0.0187min-,T1/2α=2.98±1.42min,T1/2β=27.14±14.35min,K21=0.0312±0.0112min-,K10=0.1904±0.1319min-,K12=0.0367±0.0306min-1,CL=39.41±20.44ml·min-,AUC=3074±1055mg·min·L-;灯盏花素在家兔体内的过程符合双室模型,主要药动学参数为:A=2.64±1.12,B=0.28±0.12,α=0.1439±0.0681min-,β=0.0162±0.0456min-,t1/2α=4.82±1.65min,t1/2β=42.66±18.77min,K21=0.0285±0.0147min-,K10=0.0820±0.00378min-,K12=0.0496±0.0241min-,CL=337.05±156.48ml·min-1,AUC=356±114mg·min·L-1.结论:灯盏花素在家犬与家兔体内半衰期很短,其作用时间短,消除速度快.     

《药物分析》课程本科教学改革和思考

目的　分析《药物分析》课程在当今药学本科教育培养过程中的现状，探索《药物分析》课程在新时代药学教育背景下的教学改革与创新，构建符合药学培养要求、满足社会市场需要的复合型药学人才培养模式。方法　第一阶段，开展教学改革的建议和需求调查；第二阶段，开展《药物分析》课程改革探索与实践；第三阶段，教学效果评价。结果　需求调查显示《药物分析》课程的教学内容、课程设计、教学手段亟须进一步优化和拓展。结论　该课程通过调整教学内容、拓展教学手段、创新多元化实践教学、融入"课程思政"建设等，激发了学生的学习兴趣和创新精神，强化了学生理论素养和实践能力，培养了其国际化视野和崇高的职业道德。     

How do taxonomic versus thematic relations impact similarity and difference judgments? An ERP study

Taxonomically related concepts like “bee” and “butterfly” and thematically related concepts like “bee” and “honey” have different roles in similarity judgments. We examined the complex impact of taxonomic and thematic relations on similarity and difference judgments via ERPs in a S1–S2 paradigm. Subjects were required to remember a word denoting some object or animal (S1), and compare that to a second word (S2) that was either thematically related, taxonomically related or unrelated to S1, making a “high” or “low” similarity and difference judgments in separate blocks. We found two main differences that suggest thematic and taxonomic relations engage distinct neural processes. The first difference is an N400 effect peaking between 300 ms and 400 ms that is more negative for unrelated words than for thematically and taxonomically related words. The second difference is a frontally distributed P600 peaking between 500 ms and 600 ms that is larger for taxonomically related words than for both unrelated and thematically related words. These results suggest that the dual process model for perceiving similarity is superior to the comparison only model of similarity judgments, and furthermore, provide evidence that the thematic relations are dissociative from taxonomic relations in making similarity and difference judgments.     

CREPT在肾癌组织中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的 探讨肾癌组织中肿瘤细胞周期相关蛋白（cell-cycle-related and expression-elevated protein in tumor,CREPT）的表达与临床病理特征和生存率的关系。方法 纳入90例于2014至2016年间在北京大学人民医院接受了根治性肾切除术并经组织学证实的肾癌患者,运用免疫组织化学方法检测这些患者的癌组织和癌旁组织中CREPT的表达,并结合临床病理资料分析CREPT表达水平与患者TNM分期和Fuhrman分级的关系。通过Kaplan-Meier生存分析及多因素COX回归分析CREPT表达与预后的关系。结果 46.7%（42/90）的患者癌组织中CREPT表达为高水平,而在癌旁组织中所有患者CREPT表达均为低水平,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。CREPT的表达水平与TNM分期（P=0.001）和Fuhrman分级（P<0.001）有关联,但与性别（P=0.149）、年龄（P=0.605）、肿瘤大小（P=0.673）和组织学类型（P=0.756）无关。截至2018年12月,有85例患者完成随访。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,CREPT高表达患者总生存时间和无瘤生存时间均低于CREPT低表达患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素COX回归分析显示,患者总生存时间及无瘤生存时间与CREPT的表达水平有关（P<0.05）。结论 CREPT在肾癌组织中呈高表达,表达水平与临床分期、分级以及患者预后密切相关。     

Chemomics and Its Application in Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula ————Using Formula Qingkailing as An Example

A novel ＂omics＂ approach, chemomics, was presented here on the basis of the experience in studies of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） Formulas and systems biology. Chemomics represents a novel approach to investigate the composition of a chemome and the relationships among the elements of the chemome. A chemome is defined as the whole chemical system that consists of all of the chemical substances and/or chemical constituents input into the biological system being investigated. A multi-level solution for chemomics study with corresponding technology was proposed. When its application in TCM formula, investigations may be conducted on three-level chemomes step by step and then the development on TCM Qingkailing was introduced as an example. Chemomics is the development and supplement of current systems biology, providing an approach for the assay of chemical complex system and facilitating the study of the interaction between the biological complex system and external chemical complex system. Since the therapy of TCM formula just represents the interaction between such two complex systems, application of chemomics approach will greatly promote its research and development.     

凤尾草的形态组织学研究

对凤尾草各器官的组织构造、全草粉末以及孢子的扫描电镜结构进行了系统研究,其中凤尾草叶表皮的气孔、脉状异形细胞和叶片、叶柄、根茎横切面以及孢子、孢子囊群等均具有一定特征,为凤尾草药材鉴别提供了科学依据。     

电视胸腔镜在局部晚期非小细胞肺癌新辅助治疗后纵隔淋巴结清扫术中的应用

目的:探讨电视辅助胸腔镜手术（VATS）在局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（LA-NSCLC）新辅助治疗后纵隔淋巴结清扫术（MLND）中的作用,主要通过围术期和长期结果来验证VATS的充分性。方法:根据手术方法的不同将145例LA-NSCLC患者分为VATS组和开胸组,进行倾向评分配对,采用多变量逻辑回归分析进行充分MLND相关预测因子的评估,绘制生存曲线并采用Kaplan-Meier法和多变量Cox比例风险模型进行长期生存率评估。结果:倾向评分配对前后的ypT/N、符合MLND指南患者比例、站点及淋巴结清扫数目以及倾向评分配对后的切除完整性情况,VATS组与开胸组进行组间比较均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）;VATS组仅在右上叶或中叶切除时的第3站淋巴结清扫率显著低于开胸组（16.7% vs 56.0%,P=0.006）,但在其他任何部位,VATS组的淋巴结清扫率均不逊于开胸组;多变量回归分析结果显示,与下叶手术相比,上叶或中叶手术更易获得充分的淋巴结清扫（OR=3.843,95%CI:1.612~9.171,P=0.002）,而手术方法并不能作为充分淋巴结清扫的有效预测因子（OR=0.812,95%CI:0.364~1.803,P=0.606）;VATS组和开胸组的RFS（P=0.292 9）和OS（P=0.216 4）均无显著差异,手术方法不是RFS（HR=0.955,95%CI:0.415~2.198,P=0.913）或OS（HR=0.841,95%CI:0.338~2.093,P=0.709）的独立预测因子。结论:在LA-NSCLC患者接受新辅助治疗后,VATS的应用可能足以保障MLND的充分性,同时与开胸手术比较,也并未明显影响患者的远期生存率。     

Ageing with elegans: a research proposal to map healthspan pathways

Human longevity continues to increase world-wide, often accompanied by decreasing birth rates. As a larger fraction of the population thus gets older, the number of people suffering from disease or disability increases dramatically, presenting a major societal challenge. Healthy ageing has therefore been selected by EU policy makers as an important priority (http://www.healthyageing.eu/european-policies-and-initiatives); it benefits not only the elderly but also their direct environment and broader society, as well as the economy. The theme of healthy ageing figures prominently in the Horizon 2020 programme (https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en/h2020-section/health-demographic-change-and-wellbeing), which has launched several research and innovation actions (RIA), like “Understanding health, ageing and disease: determinants, risk factors and pathways” in the work programme on “Personalising healthcare” (https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/portal/desktop/en/opportunities/h2020/topics/693-phc-01-2014.html). Here we present our research proposal entitled “ageing with elegans” (AwE) (http://www.h2020awe.eu/), funded by this RIA, which aims for better understanding of the factors causing health and disease in ageing, and to develop evidence-based prevention, diagnostic, therapeutic and other strategies. The aim of this article, authored by the principal investigators of the 17 collaborating teams, is to describe briefly the rationale, aims, strategies and work packages of AwE for the purposes of sharing our ideas and plans with the biogerontological community in order to invite scientific feedback, suggestions, and criticism.