Safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided low-pressure perfusion mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children aged 1–7 years: a retrospective observational study

International Urology and Nephrology - This article analyzed the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) with low-pressure perfusion for the treatment of...     

Effect of high volume hemofiltration on CHOP protein from a canine model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Objective To observe the effect of high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) on the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein(CHOP) during the treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). To investigate the role of CHOP protein act in apoptosis pathway mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress. Methods Twelve Beagle dogs were subjected to hemorrhagic shock plus resuscltation and endotixemia to establish MODS model, then they were randomly divided into two groups: HVHF group (n=6) and MODS group (n=6). After endotoxin injection completed, the HVHF group received HVHF treatment for 24 hours; MODS group did not receive. Vivo experiments: Blood samples were obtained at different time points(before operation, 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after the injection of endotoxin). The dogs were killed and the tissue samples from lung, liver and kidney were took, then the expression of CHOP mRNA was determined. Vitro experiments: human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were induced by two groups’ blood samples to establish the apoptosis model. Gene expression, protein quantification and cell apoptosis rate were determined before and after the interference. Results Vivo experiments: The levels of CHOP mRNA from lung, liver and kidney had no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). Vitro experiments: (1)The expression of CHOP mRNA: Compared with MODS group, the expression levels of CHOP mRNA were significantly decreased in HVHF group at 6 h, 24 h after the injection of endotoxin (P＜0.05). Compared with before, the expression levels of CHOP mRNA in the two groups were both significantly decreased after CHOP siRNA interference (P＜0.05). (2)The expression of CHOP protein: Compared with MODS group, the expression levels of CHOP protein were significantly decreased in HVHF group at each time points (P＜0.05). Compared with before, the expression levels of CHOP protein in the two groups were both significantly decreased after CHOP siRNA interference(P＜0.05). (3)Endothelial cell apoptosis rate: Compared with the preoperative rate, the two group’s endothelial cell apoptosis rate was decreased significantly at each time points(P＜0.05). Compared with MODS group, the endothelial cell apoptosis rate was significantly decreased in HVHF group at each time points(P＜0.05). Compared with before, the endothelial cell apoptosis rate in the two groups was both significantly decreased after CHOP siRNA interference(P＜0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of MODS process, HVHF can reduce endothelial cell apoptosis which may be related to the inhibition of CHOP mRNA expression and protein synthesis.     

汉族与维吾尔族妊娠期糖尿病妇女妊娠结局对比分析

目的对比分析汉族与维吾尔族妇女妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM）的妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析作者医院内分泌科及产科2011-05／2013—05月诊治的GDM患者105例,其中汉族组57例（GDM汉族组）,维吾尔族组48例（GDM维吾尔族组）,对照组为妊娠期糖代谢正常孕妇121例。对比这3组妊娠结局的差异。结果GDM汉族组的年龄、孕前体质量及巨大儿发生率均明显大于对照组（P〈0．05）;GDM维吾尔族组的年龄、孕前体质量、分娩体质量、早产率及巨大儿发生率,均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。GDM维吾尔族组的早产率和巨大儿发生率均显著高于GDM汉族组（P〈0．05）。结论GDM患者,孕妇和新生儿的不良事件发生率均高于对照组;在GDM患者中,维吾尔族孕妇较汉族孕妇更易发生妊娠相关不良事件。     

2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变与胫前色素沉着斑相关性分析

目的 探讨糖尿病视网膜病变的相关危险因素,特别是2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)与胫前色素沉着斑(PPP)的相关性.方法 对选择的183名2型糖尿病患者(T2DM)进行糖尿病视网膜病变和胫前色素沉着斑的测定,并同时记录患者的性别、年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB).再以有无糖尿病视网膜病变为因变量进行多因素Logistic回归分析.所有计量资料用(均数±标准差)表示,进行t检验,计数资料进行χ2检验.结果 在有胫前色素沉着斑的2型糖尿病患者中,糖尿病视网膜病变的发生率远远大于没有胫前色素沉着斑的患者,两者有显著的相关性.糖尿病视网膜病变组与无糖尿病视网膜病变组比较,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑、年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)在两组间有统计学差异(P<0.05).通过多因素Logistic回归分析,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑、病程、空腹血糖进入回归方程,与2型糖尿病视网膜病变发生有关(P<0.05).结论 本组资料显示,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑与2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变存在明确的相关性,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑可能会被应用于临床实践,成为早期识别糖尿病视网膜病变的标志之一,尤其在缺乏眼科学检查设备的地方,提醒特别是病程较长、高血糖的患者,早期关注糖尿病视网膜病变的发生,做到早期预防、早期治疗.     

Neuroendocrine-immune disorder in type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy

1. Diabetes mellitus is usually accompanied by hyperactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most devastating complications in diabetes although little is known with regards to the HPA activity in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with diabetic retinopathy. The present study was designed to evaluate the HPA axis activity in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy. 2. Diabetic retinopathy was examined by fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) in 174 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients. Levels of / were measured using flow cytometry. Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisone were measured by radioimmunoassay. Plasma levels of monoamines norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) were assessed using high performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a fluorescence detection. Patients were grouped into the non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferating diabetic retinopathy (NPR) and proliferating diabetic retinopathy (PDR) categories. 3. Patients with PDR showed significantly less than those with NDR and NPR (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found in / and NK or severity of retinopathy among the three patient groups. There was no significant difference in serum IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels among the different patient groups (P>0.05). The serum concentrations of ACTH and cortisone were lower in PDR patients than other groups. There was no significant difference in plasma concentrations of DA and NE among all three groups (P>0.05). 4. Our data suggest that HPA and immune dysfunction might play a role in the development and/or progression of PDR.     

血清T3/T4值对Graves病甲亢与亚甲炎引起的甲状腺毒症的分析

目的 探讨血清T3/T4值在诊断Graves病甲亢和亚急性甲状腺炎引起的甲状腺毒症中的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析2004年8月～2008年10月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科就诊的Graves病甲状腺功能亢进症(124例)及亚急性甲状腺炎患者(35例)的病例资料,对已确诊的患者血清T3/T4的比值进行统计学分析.结果 Graves病甲亢组及亚甲炎组患者血清T3/T4值差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01),Graves病甲亢组T3/T4值高于亚甲炎组.Graves病甲亢组血清FT3/FT4值较高,而亚甲炎组较低,其差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 在临床工作中可以通过观察血清T3/T4、FT3/FT4值来简单判断甲状腺功能亢进症的不同病因,并给予积极对症治疗.     

Wortmannin,PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor,attenuates thyroid injury associated with severe acute pancreatitis in rats

Increasing evidences suggest that PI3K/AKT pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases such as acute pancreatitis. However, the exact effect of PI3K/AKT on thyroid injury associated with acute pancreatitis has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of wortmannin, PI3K/AKT inhibitor, on thyroid injury in a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operating group (SO), SAP group, wortmannin treatment (WOR) group and drug control (WOR-CON) group. Serum amylase (AMY), lipase (LIP) and thyroid hormone levels were evaluated. The morphological change of thyroid tissue was analyzed under the light and transmission electron microscopy. AKT, P38MAPK and NF-κB expression in the thyroid tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were detected. Results showed that wortmannin attenuated the following: (1) serum AMY, LIP and thyroid hormone (2) pancreatic and thyroid pathological injuries (3) thyroid MDA, (4) thyroid ultrastructural change, (5) serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β (6) AKT, MAPKP38 and NF-κB expression in thyroid tissues. These results suggested that wortmannin attenuates thyroid injury in SAP rats, presumably because of its role on prevent ROS generation and inhibits the activation of P38MAPK, NF-κB pathway. Our findings provide new therapeutic targets for thyroid injury associated with SAP.     

妊娠期糖尿病患者孕晚期血糖、血脂水平与新生儿体质量的关系

目的：探讨妊娠期糖尿病患者孕晚期血糖、血脂水平与新生儿体质量的关系。方法选择2012年5月-2013年6月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院检查并分娩且资料完整的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇150例（汉族107例,维吾尔族43例）（GDM 组）,并以同期120例正常孕妇（汉族97例,维吾尔族23例）作为正常组,采用酶法测定GDM 组和正常组孕妇孕晚期血糖、血脂水平,同时测定两组孕妇分娩的新生儿体质量,分析两组孕妇孕晚期血糖、血脂水平差异及其与新生儿体质量的相关性。结果 GDM 组孕妇的胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）均高于正常组,但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）,而空腹血糖及甘油三酯（TG）水平显著高于正常组,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.01）。维吾尔族孕妇血糖比汉族孕妇偏高,差异有统计学意义,甘油三酯偏高,但差异无统计学意义。妊娠期糖尿病孕妇孕晚期血糖、甘油三酯水平与新生儿体质量存在显著的正相关性（P ＜0.05）。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕晚期血清血糖、甘油三酯水平的增加与新生儿体质量有着密切的相关性。     

花姜酮对胰腺癌PANC1细胞株增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨花姜酮对胰腺癌PANC1细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,探讨其作用机制.方法 应用3.75、7.5、15、30、60μg/ml的花姜酮处理PANC1细胞,以未处理细胞作为对照.CCK-8法检测细胞增殖抑制率,Hoechst33342染色观察细胞形态,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,Western blotting法检测细胞磷酸化STAT1(p-STAT1)、Bax和Bcl-2蛋白的表达.结果 花姜酮呈时间-剂量依赖性抑制PANC1细胞的生长,15 μg/ml花姜酮作用48 h后,细胞增殖抑制率达(72.8±2.72)%,并可观察到典型的细胞凋亡形态学改变,细胞凋亡率达14.2%;同时,PANC1细胞p-STAT1和Bax蛋白表达明显增加(0.654±0.048对0.074±0.011,0.577±0.044对0.218±0.027,P＜0.05),Bcl-2蛋白表达明显下降(0.162±0.029对0.459±0.034,P＜0.05).结论 花姜酮可能通过上调STAT1活性,升高Bax/Bcl-2比率,从而诱导PANC1细胞的凋亡和抑制细胞增殖.     

2006～2010年麦盖提县伤寒、副伤寒发病资料分析

[目的]巩固麦盖提县伤寒、副伤寒的防控成果,为下一步防控伤寒、副伤寒措施的制定与实施提供工作思路。[方法]对麦盖提县2006～2010年伤寒、副伤寒流行趋势与在人群中的分布以及流行菌株的分型及其采取的预防控制措施进行分析。[结果]以2006～2010年麦盖提县伤寒、副伤寒共发病492例,发病例数有下降趋势;发病人数以学生、农民等青壮年为主;其致病菌株均为伤寒沙门菌。[结论]在全县范围内建立有效的疾病预防控制体系,改善全体居民的卫生设施,提高全体居民的卫生意识,是减少伤寒副伤寒流行的一项长期的基本措施。