表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

还原型谷胱甘肽临床研究及应用进展

谷胱甘肽(glutat hione)广泛分布于人体肝、肾细胞和红细胞。由还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)组成,两种形式,可以互变,两者的正常比例约为100∶1。还原型谷胱甘肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽氧化酶(GSH2Px)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GSH2R)共同组成了谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统。     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

深低温停循环时不同脑保护方法对猪大脑组织含水率的影响

目的:观察试验用小型猪脑海马头部组织含水率,揭示深低温停循环时不同脑保护方法对脑水肿的影响。方法:①实验于1998-10/2000-02在解放军总医院动物实验中心完成。选用北京农业大学实验用小型猪16头。随机将猪分为4组:深低温停循环组,顺行脑灌注组,逆行脑灌注组,逆行脑灌注+尼莫地平组,每组4头。②鼻咽温降至18℃时分别给予如下处理90min:深低温停循环组通过上、下腔静脉放血至氧合器的静脉储血罐,冰袋敷头;顺行脑灌注组阻断降主动脉,通过主动脉弓灌注头臂三支血管,维持灌注压在50mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)左右;逆行脑灌注组阻断降主动脉,结扎奇静脉,通过上腔静脉逆行灌注,维持灌注压在25mmHg左右;逆行脑灌注+尼莫地平组在体外循环开始10min内经氧合器的标本口加入尼莫地平注射液,其他操作同顺行脑灌注组。③复温120min至鼻咽温36℃。取左侧海马头部组织称湿质量,于110℃烘箱内干燥24h,测干质量,计算组织含水率。④多组比较采用单因素完全随机设计方差分析。结果:小型猪16只均进入结果分析。大脑组织含水率:逆行脑灌注组明显高于深低温停循环组、顺行脑灌注组和逆行脑灌注+尼莫地平组[(83.60±0.68)%,(81.52±1.16)%,(81.04±0.59)%,(80.92±0.74)%,F=9.22,P=0.0019],而深低温停循环组、顺行脑灌注组、逆行脑灌注+尼莫地平组间差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论:①逆行脑灌注加重深低温停循环后的脑水肿,脑水肿可能是深低温停循环后神经功能障碍的一原因。②尼莫地平在深低温停循环时有降低逆行脑灌注引起的脑水肿的作用。     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

不同EuroSCORE评分患者OPCABG 术前应用IABP的临床分析

目的 分析不同欧洲心脏手术危险因素评价系统(EuroSCORE)评分患者非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCABG)术前应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)的临床效果。方法 回顾分析笔者医院心脏大血管外科2013年1月~2018年6月接受OPCABG 手术、并在术前预防性应用 IABP辅助的236例患者的临床资料。根据EuroSCORE评分分为低危组(EuroSCORE评分＜6分,n＝153)和高危组(EuroSCORE评分≥6分,n＝83)。收集两组术前临床资料,比较两组IABP 预防时间、IABP 运转时间、IABP 相关并发症、机械通气时间、ICU 时间、术后住院时间、病死率,检测患者术后院内死亡的相关危险因素。结果 两组在年龄、≥65岁、女性、顽固性心绞痛、＜30天急性心肌梗死、左主干病变、≥3支病变、EuroSCORE评分、LVEF等术前资料方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。高危组IABP 预防时间、IABP 运转时间、机械通气时间、ICU滞留时间明显长于低危组(P＜0.05),两组在IABP 相关并发症发生率、住院时间、术后住院时间、院内病死率、1年内病死率等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示, 年龄≥65岁、女性、左主干病变、LVEF＜40%、急诊、IABP并发症是OPCABG 患者院内死亡的危险因素。结论 在EuroSCORE 指导下高危患者OPCABG术前预防性应用IABP不会增加 IABP 相关并发症,能够降低院内病死率,进一步提高治疗效果。     

70岁以上患者的冠状动脉旁路移植术

目的介绍70岁以上高龄患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的结果和围术期处理策略. 方法对70岁以上患者行CABG 121例,119例(98.3%)为不稳定型心绞痛,113例(93.4%)合并其他疾病.80例(66.1%)采用非体外循环心脏不停跳CABG(OPCAB),41例(33.9%)选择常规体外循环CABG(CCABG);胸膜外技术游离左乳内动脉(LIMA),保持胸膜腔完整,常规将LIMA与左前降支(LAD)吻合,其余桥用大隐静脉(SV).术中使用即时超声血流仪(TTFM)测量移植血管血流,保证吻合口通畅.术后加强物理治疗和营养支持,严格控制血糖于6～10 mmol/L.结果行CCABG患者移植血管3.08±0.75支, OPCAB患者2.24±0.82支,110例(90.9%)使用LIMA.全组死亡1例(急诊手术),死亡率0.8%,死于多器官功能衰竭;发生并发症4例(3.3%).术后呼吸机使用时间OPCAB患者10.04±5.68小时,CCABG患者21.46±14.54小时;住ICU 时间2.65±1.45天,术后12.22±5.56天出院. 结论充分评估手术风险,选择恰当的手术方案,经过缜密的围术期处理,高龄患者亦可取得良好的手术效果.     

主动脉内球囊反搏在高危冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用

目的观察主动脉内球囊反搏(intra-aorta balloon pump,IABP)在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者公路转运中的应用情况,总结公路转运及其在冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG)围手术期的应用经验。方法回顾性分析78例CABG患者围手术期置入IABP的临床资料及IABP放置的原因、时机和预后。结果救护车市内公路及高速公路转运IABP患者10例,未发生断电及机械故障,IABP管道无打结、脱出,转运途中患者无心脏事件发生。平均IABP辅助时间为(76.6±28.2)h。78例行CABG术的患者中有67例康复出院,住院死亡11例。主要死亡原因为低心排血量综合征、多器官功能衰竭和肺部感染。结论2h以内、100km以内的市内及高速公路转运放置IABP患者是安全的。IABP作为一种简单有效的循环辅助手段,能提高高危CABG患者围手术期的安全性。