肝癌微血管密度、微血管面积和Piezo1的表达与微血管侵犯的相关性

目的:探讨肝癌组织中微血管密度(microvascular density,MVD)、微血管面积(microvascular area,MVA)以及Piezo1的表达水平预测肝癌微血管侵犯(microvascular invasion,MVI)的临床价值.方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测38例病理证实为肝癌患者的肝癌组织的CD34以及Piezo1的表达情况,计算基于CD34染色的MVD和MVA,分析MVI与MVD,MVA以及Piezo1因子的表达水平的相关性.结果:38例肝癌中,13例有微血管侵犯,定义MVI(+)组,25例无微血管侵犯,定义MVI(?)组.MVI(+)组的MVA及MVD均高于MVI(?)组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.007,P=0.011).MVD和MVA联合预测MVI的敏感性和特异性为100％和64％,较单一指标效能高.Piezo1在肝癌MVI(+)组阳性率高于MVI(?)组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.032).结论:MVD,MVA以及Piezo1的表达水平均与肝癌MVI具有一定的相关性,可以作为辅助诊断微血管侵犯的指标,Piezo1可以作为潜在的限制MVI的治疗靶点.     

高分辨3D-MRI（3.0T）容量分析法测量体内不同负荷类型下髌软骨局部变形模式

目的：分析髌软骨接触区在不同负荷运动后局部变形模式。方法：在3.0T MRI上7个健康髌骨在标准负荷运动（跪、蹲和屈膝运动）前及运动后0和90 min时采用用FLASH WE序列（22 ms/9.8 ms,15°,0.3 mm×0.3 mm×1.5 mm）行3D-TWI扫描。在髌软骨分段和3D图像重组后,     

多参数磁共振成像评估局部进展期直肠癌新辅助放化疗疗效的研究进展

新辅助放化疗是目前局部进展期直肠癌标准治疗模式的一部分,可以使一定比例的患者达到肿瘤完全缓解,进而提高手术切除率和保肛率,延长患者无病生存期。MRI是评估直肠癌新辅助放化疗疗效的首选影像学检查。随着功能MRI技术的发展,不同成像原理衍生的定量参数可以提供更多的肿瘤生物学信息,提高MRI的临床应用价值。常规MRI序列与功能成像序列相结合的多参数MRI技术可以更加全面地评估新辅助治疗疗效,有助于临床实践中为患者制订个体化的治疗方案,实现精准医疗。     

RSNA2008聚焦(三) 第六部分 腹部放射学

今年RSNA大会在腹部放射学上具有较多的新的进展和特点,本文扼要的按照解剖部位进行介绍。 1．肝脏影像学 肝脏影像学长期以来都是腹部影像学的重点,但是今年的热点和往年稍有不同,主要体现在MRI方面。     

多层螺旋CT对食管鱼刺异物的诊断价值

Objective To investigate the detection rate and diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT scan in detecting fish bone impaction in the esophagus.Methods Experimental group: 30 fresh water fish bones from three variety classes were divided into three groups with length of(23.36±0.15), (28.51±0.07) and (30.89±0.10) mm, and diameter of (4.49±0.31), (1.78±0.09) and (0.49±0.07) mm.The fish bones were put into esophagus models in three different types including parallel, perpendicular and oblique.MSCT with axial scan combined with three dimensional reconstruction technique and plain X-ray film (CR and DR) were used to examine the model.The relations of the number and rate of fish bones were compared between MSCT and X-ray film.Clinical group: MSCT imaging were performed in 20 cases proved by esophageal endoscope or clinical operation, among which 11 cases received plain X-ray film (CR and DR), 15 cases received Barium-soaked cotton and 17 cases received endoscope.Paired Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of detection of fishbone by the different ways.Results In experimental group: All the 90 cases(100%) fish bones of three different species were clearly revealed on MSCT image; only 60 cases(66.7%) fish bones were revealed by plain X-ray film(CR and DR).The number and rate of fish bones detected by MSCT was higher than that of plain X-ray film (CR and DR) (X2=28.03, P < 0.01).In clinical group: 20 cases were made right diagnosis by MSCT, and the location and size of fish bone in the esophagus, the surrounding and complications of esophagus could be clearly demonstrated on MSCT image.Two cases detected by plain X-ray film(CR and DR) ;9 cases detected by Barium-soaked cotton;14 cases detected by endoscopy.The number and rate of fish bones detected by MSCT was higher than that of plain Xray film (CR and DR) (X2=7.11, P < 0.05) and Barium-soaked cotton (X2=4.17, P < 0.05).Conclusions The sensitivity and detection rate of fish bone with MSCT was high and could evaluate the surrounding and complications of the esophagus.MSCT could be used as the first examination of impacted fish bones in the esophagus.     

多层螺旋CT对食管鱼刺异物的诊断价值

目的 探讨MSCT对食管鱼刺异物的检出率及临床诊断价值.方法 实验组:取3种鱼的鱼刺各30根,分为大、中、小鱼刺3组,3组鱼刺长度分别为(23.36±0.15)、(28.51±0.07)和(30.89±0.10)mm,直径分别为(4.4.9±0.31)、(1.78±0.09)和(0.49±0.07)mm.将鱼刺按照与食管长轴平行、垂直、斜行方式插入食管模型中,MSCT检查采用轴面扫描结合三维重组技术,观察MSCT和X线平片(CR和DR)对鱼刺的显示情况.临床组:回顾性分析20例经内镜或临床手术证实的食管鱼刺异物患者的资料,所有患者均行MSCT平扫,其中11例行X线平片(CR和DR)检查,15例行食管吞钡棉絮检查,17例行内镜检查,观察几种检查方法对鱼刺的显示情况.对不同方法对鱼刺显示情况的比较采用配对卡方检验.结果 实验组:MSCT检出鱼刺90根(100%),X线平片(CR和DR)检出鱼刺60根(66.7%),MSCT对鱼刺的检出率高于X线平片(CR和DR)(X2=28.03,P<0.01).临床组:20例中,MSCT检出鱼刺20例,且清楚显示鱼刺的位置、大小及其与食管壁和邻近组织的关系;X线平片检出鱼刺2例,食管吞钡棉絮检出鱼刺9例,内镜检出鱼刺14例.MSCT对食管鱼刺异物检出率高于X线平片(cR和DR)检查(X2=7.11,P<0.05)及食管吞钡棉絮检查(X2=4.17,P<01 05),与内镜检查差异无统计学意义(X2=1.33,P>0.05).结论 MSCT轴面扫描结合三维重组技术对食管鱼刺异物及其周围并发症的检出率高,可作为食管鱼刺异物的首选检查方法.     

局限性肝紫癜1例

患者男,51岁。10天前体检B超偶然发现肝内实质性占位,无任何不适。查体：肝脾不大,皮肤巩膜无黄染,浅表淋巴结无肿大。实验室检查：谷丙转氨酶469u／l,谷草转氨酶304u／l。     

第七部分 非血管介入治疗

本次大会的非血管介入的内容有多个单元进行讨论，较为分散，本文编译分类介绍如下。     

经肱动脉放置颈动脉支架

目的：经肱动脉放置颈动脉支架主要见于个案报道，本篇文章的目的是回顾性分析近5年来我们医院经肱动脉放置颈动脉支架的情况及其并发症、结果。方法：从2003年～2008年，我们放置的299例颈动脉支架中有12例（占4％，男11例，女1例）是经肱动脉放置的，其患者的平均年龄是（67．4±9．75）岁。用多普勒和DSA评估颈动脉平均狭窄程度，其中多普勒显示狭窄程度为81．5％±10．66，DSA为75．9％±9．75（NASCET标准）。其中9例（占75％）因为症状性狭窄而治疗。结果：12例经肱动脉放置支架的患者中，