Paediatric dacryocystorhinostomy

Of 258 cases of dacryocystorhinostomy performed on children in the period September 1981 to September 1991, 130 were for simple, unresolved congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Other indications for surgery included punctal agenesis, lacrimal fistula, post-traumatic and post-inflammatory canalicular obstruction. Of 177 children without canalicular pathology, 171 (96%) were relieved of symptoms with one operation, without canalicular intubation. Of 81 cases with canalicular disease, 55 of 70 (79%) who underwent DCR plus canalicular intubation, and 10 of 11 who underwent DCR plus Lester-Jones tube, were substantially improved with one operation. No child required peroperative or postoperative blood transfusion. Dacryocystorhinostomy in childhood, in experienced surgical hands, is a safe procedure, achieving relief of symptoms in most cases, particularly in the absence of canalicular disease.     

Postsynaptic factors in the expression of long-term potentiation (LTP): increased glutamate receptor binding following LTP induction in vivo.

Several lines of evidence indicate that LTP in the hippocampus is associated with a change in the properties of postsynaptic glutamate receptors. In the present study, we used quantitative autoradiography to examine the binding properties of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate subclasses of glutamate receptors in frozen brain sections obtained from rats in which perforant-path LTP was induced in vivo. Induction of LTP resulted in a selective increase in [3H]AMPA binding in those hippocampal subfields receiving perforant-path axons. Increases in [3H]AMPA binding in dentate gyrus (stratum moleculare) were highly correlated with the magnitude of LTP recorded in this structure. Scatchard analyses of [3H]AMPA and 6-cyano-7-nitro-[3H]quinoxaline-2,3-dione (an AMPA receptor antagonist) binding in the dentate gyrus indicated that LTP induction resulted in an increase in the number of AMPA receptor binding sites. No changes in the binding of 3H-labeled N-[1-(thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine (an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist) were observed in any hippocampal subfield. These results suggest that a modification in postsynaptic AMPA receptors plays a role in the expression of synaptic enhancement following LTP induction in the hippocampus.     

Allergic conversion of protective mucosal immunity against nasal bacteria in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

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恶性肿瘤患者血清与尿液中一氧化氮含量测定

0 引言一氧化氮（Nitric oxide,NO）是一种具有活跃生物化学性质的无机小分子. NO对许多肿瘤细胞和微生物有细胞毒性［1］,为探讨NO与肿瘤的关系,我们检测了119例恶性肿瘤患者血清及尿液中的NO.     

Magnesium sulfate effectively reduces blood pressure in an animal model of preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVE: We tested the ability of magnesium sulfate to reduce hypertension and neonatal growth retardation in an animal model of preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN: On day 17 of pregnancy, osmotic minipumps were inserted subcutaneously to continuously deliver either vehicle (saline control group), or N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (50 mg/kg/day), or L-NAME (50 mg/kg/day) in combination with magnesium sulfate (60 mg/kg/day). Prior to insertion, blood pressure and heart rate were monitored with a pneumatic tail cuff device. Blood pressure measurements were repeated on days 18, 20, and 21 of pregnancy. Blood was obtained on days 17 and 21, along with urine, to assess magnesium levels and degree of proteinuria. Pups were weighed and measured at 48 hours postpartum. RESULTS: Rats receiving L-NAME developed hypertension within 24 hours of implantation (108 +/- 3.9 vs. 123 +/- 3.4 mmHg, p < 0.05). Magnesium sulfate, given along with L-NAME did not prevent mean blood pressure from increasing, but reduced it by day 21 compared to L-NAME given alone (107 +/- 3.4 vs. 122 +/- 8.7 mmHg, respectively, p < 0.05). Magnesium sulfate reduced neonatal growth retardation by improving the weight of the pups compared to pups from maternal rats given L-NAME alone (6.1 +/- 0.1 vs. 5.2 +/- 0.3 grams, respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Maternal magnesium sulfate reduces blood pressure and increases neonatal size compared to L-NAME without magnesium. These findings support a beneficial effect of magnesium in preeclampsia.     

Effects of neurodevelopmental stimulation on premature infants in neonatal intensive care: Randomized controlled trial

The purpose of the current study was to identify effects of neurodevelopmental stimulation as administered by board certified music therapists to premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Premature infants (N = 108) admitted and meeting inclusion criteria were included. Experimental subjects received the developmental multimodal stimulation protocol paired with live singing (n = 25) or live singing with guitar accompaniment (n = 29). The no contact control group received standard neonatal intensive care unit care (n = 54). An ANCOVA analyses with birth weight as a covariate resulted in significant main effects found for infant length of stay (p < .05). When comparing the means, differences were found between gender and types of music paired with the developmental multimodal stimulation. The results of this study suggest an increase in neurodevelopment for infants receiving developmental multimodal stimulation as hypothesized.