第十二届世界心脏起搏和电生理大会简介

由国际心脏起搏和电生理学会 (ICPES)主办 ,香港心血管病学会承办的第十二届世界心脏起搏和电生理大会于 2 0 0 3年 2月 19～ 2 2日在香港举行。纵观此次大会 ,所反映的学术热点主要集中于心房颤动 (房颤 )的治疗对策 (包括药物、起搏和消融 )、心力衰竭的器械治疗及猝死的预防等方面 ,其中尤以房颤的相关研究为突出的热点。囿于篇幅所限 ,仅对以下方面进行简介 :①房颤的治疗对策　作为近年来心律失常治疗领域的主要热点 ,房颤的相关研究和试验在本次大会仍然占有突出的位置。在房颤的治疗决策方面 ,就慢性房颤而言 ,AFFIRM试验的结果…     

冠心病患者冠状动脉内成形及支架术前后QT离散度的变化

目的 体表心电图ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）增大在冠心病患者是预测室性心律失常事件的有用指标。旨在估价冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉腔内成形主支架术（ＰＴＣＡ＋ｓｔｅｎｔ）前后对ＱＴ离散度的影响。方法 对６０例冠心病患者行ＰＴＣＡ＋ｓｔｅｎｔ术前后ＱＴ离散度进行分析。男性４６例,女性１４例,平均年龄５７岁,患者为单支血管病变３６例,多支血管病２４例。本组对ＰＴＣＡ＋ｓｔｅｎｔ术前后同步３导联的标准１２导联心电图Ｑ     

导管消融治疗Brugada综合征心室颤动一例

正1临床资料患者男性,23岁,因"反复发作性晕厥2个月"于2017-02-06入院。患者2个月来反复发作晕厥,每次发作均伴抽搐,无二便失禁,无口吐白沫,发作数秒后可自行恢复意识。就诊于当地医院,查心电图提示"Brugada波样改变",头颅计算机断层摄影(CT)、脑电图检查、头颅磁共振成像(MRI)及脑核磁共振血管成像(MRA)均未见明显异常。超声心动图、X线胸片及冠状动脉CT亦未见明显异常。分子遗传检测提     

心房颤动递进式线性消融后的左心房扑动

Objective This study attempted to delineate the mechanism of organized loft atrial tachya-rrhythmia (AT) during stepwise linear ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using noncontact mapping. Methods Eighty patients in whom organized ATs developed or induced during stepwise linear ablation for AF were en-wiled. Left atrial (LA) activation during ATs was mapped using noncontact mapping. Radiofrequency energy was delivered to the earliest activation site or narrowest part of the re-entrant circuit of ATs. Results A total of 146 ATs were mapped. Four ATs were characterized as a focal mechanism [cycle length (225 ± 49) ms]. A macro-reentrant mechanism was confirmed in the remaining 142 ATs using noncontact mapping. LA activation time accounted for 100% of cycle length (205±37) ms. All 142 ATs used the conduction gaps in the basic fig-ure-7 lesion line. There were 3 types of circuits classified based on the gap location. Type Ⅰ (n = 68) used gaps at the ridge between left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) and left atrial appendage (LAA). Type Ⅱ(n = 50) used gaps on the LA roof. Type Ⅲ (n = 24) passed through gaps in the mitral isthmus. Ablation at these gaps eliminated 130 ATs, but the remaining 16 ATs required cardioversion to sinus rhythm due to a poor response to ablation. Conclusion Vast majority of left ATs developed during stepwise linear ablation for AF are macro-reen-trant through conduction gaps in the basic figure-7 lesion line, especially at the ridge between LSPV and LAA. Noncontact activation mapping can identify these gaps accurately and quickly to target effective catheter ablation.     

心房颤动递进式线性消融后的左心房扑动

Objective This study attempted to delineate the mechanism of organized loft atrial tachya-rrhythmia (AT) during stepwise linear ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using noncontact mapping. Methods Eighty patients in whom organized ATs developed or induced during stepwise linear ablation for AF were en-wiled. Left atrial (LA) activation during ATs was mapped using noncontact mapping. Radiofrequency energy was delivered to the earliest activation site or narrowest part of the re-entrant circuit of ATs. Results A total of 146 ATs were mapped. Four ATs were characterized as a focal mechanism [cycle length (225 ± 49) ms]. A macro-reentrant mechanism was confirmed in the remaining 142 ATs using noncontact mapping. LA activation time accounted for 100% of cycle length (205±37) ms. All 142 ATs used the conduction gaps in the basic fig-ure-7 lesion line. There were 3 types of circuits classified based on the gap location. Type Ⅰ (n = 68) used gaps at the ridge between left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) and left atrial appendage (LAA). Type Ⅱ(n = 50) used gaps on the LA roof. Type Ⅲ (n = 24) passed through gaps in the mitral isthmus. Ablation at these gaps eliminated 130 ATs, but the remaining 16 ATs required cardioversion to sinus rhythm due to a poor response to ablation. Conclusion Vast majority of left ATs developed during stepwise linear ablation for AF are macro-reen-trant through conduction gaps in the basic figure-7 lesion line, especially at the ridge between LSPV and LAA. Noncontact activation mapping can identify these gaps accurately and quickly to target effective catheter ablation.     

植入型心律转复除颤器起搏电流导致室性心律失常一例

由植入型心律转复除颤器（ICD）起搏电流所引发的后除极而导致频发的室性期前收缩较为罕见。本文报告1例。     

口服抗凝药的过去、现在与未来

口服抗凝药（OACs)对于预防以及治疗血栓栓塞性疾病该病具有重要的临床价值。作为维生素K拮抗剂,华法林曾长期作为OACs的唯一选择。近年来,非维生素K口服拮抗剂（NOACs)因相对简单的药物间相互作用以及无需检测凝血功能等特点极大的提高了患者服药便利性,迅速在临床上得到广泛应用。但该类药物仍存在长期应用出血风险偏高、消化道出血风险较华法林增加等问题。目前以FXI为靶点的下一代口服抗凝药正在积极研发中,有望在未来为血栓栓塞性疾病患者提供更为优异的药物选择。     

转子在心房颤动维持及消融中的作用

心房颤动（房颤）发生与维持的电生理机制一直以来受到广泛关注,主流假说有多子波折返、肺静脉触发、局灶兴奋伴颤动样传导等[1],然而在房颤中究竟是否存在转子（ ro-tor）,以及其对房颤维持、消融的价值均受到较大争议。     

经房间隔穿刺途径消融左心室起源的室性心律失常

目的 经主动脉逆行法是消融左心室起源室性心律失常的常规路径,但部分患者因合并禁忌证而无法应用或应用此法时导管难以到位.本研究旨在观察通过穿刺房间隔途径消融左心室起源室性心律失常的安全性和有效性.方法 自2011年10月至2013年12月在阜外心血管病医院共入选13例合并主动脉逆行法禁忌证或既往经主动脉逆行法消融失败的左心室起源室性心律失常患者,应用Agilis鞘穿刺房间隔实施导管消融术并随访.结果 13例患者,其中5例室性早搏（室早）,8例室性心动过速（室速）.2例为左后分支起源的室速,1例为左前分支起源的室速,其余均为游离壁起源.术中均达到消融终点,无并发症发生.中位手术时间53 （40～ 72） min,X线曝光时间20（9～25） min.随访至术后4（1～23）个月,1例室速患者复发,再次经房间隔穿刺途径消融成功,另12例患者均无复发.结论 应用Agilis鞘穿刺房间隔消融左心室起源的室性心律失常安全有效,是主动脉逆行法的重要补充.     

植入起搏器的阵发性心房颤动患者导管消融术后临床分析

目的 对导管消融治疗阵发性心房颤动(房颤)合并窦房结功能障碍植入永久起搏器治疗的患者进行分析,比较传统心电图记录判断房颤复发率与起搏器程控记录模式转换事件判断房颤复发率有无差别.方法 所有患者因阵发性房颤接受导管消融治疗,因合并病态窦房结综合征于导管消融前后植入双腔起搏器治疗.消融术后3个月随访开始记录房颤发作情况.分别通过传统记录方式(心电图、24 h动态心电图)和起搏器程控记录(模式转换事件)判断房颤复发情况.结果 共40例(男28例)患者纳入研究,平均年龄(46.00±9.37)岁,左心室射血分数0.52 ～0.73 (0.61±0.03),左心房内径31.00 ～38.00(34.00±6.56)mm,随访4.5～42.0(25.0±8.2)个月.随访结束时,38例患者维持窦性心律.根据临床症状、心电图、24 h动态心电图诊断房颤复发10例(25％);根据起搏器程控记录房颤复发16例(40％).结论 合并病态窦房结综合征的阵发性房颤患者,需要植入永久起搏器.导管消融术后根据心电图和起搏器腔内电图判断房颤的复发率有无差别.