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<正> 肝硬化门静脉高压并上消化道出血,多数是由于食道及胃底静脉曲张破裂所致。但也有少数是由于并发急性胃粘膜病变和消化性溃疡引起的,在临床上也不容忽视。作为护理人员必须充分了解病情,分析出血原因,才能有的放矢的从身体和心理两方面对病人进行全面护理。1、临床资料1·1 一般资料 本组29例中男24例,女5例,36—65岁,平均48.2岁。肝硬化的诊断依据慢性肝病史,肝功能损害的表现,门静脉高压的表现以及纤维胃镜、钡餐透视、B超检查等。 相似文献
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<正> 1.病例介绍 患儿,男,9岁。因“上呼吸道感染”在家自行冲服SMZCo干糖浆(河北东风制药厂生产,批号970503,10g/袋)1袋,服后约10min,患儿烦躁不安,大汗淋漓,面色苍白,四肢冰凉。家长遂即送入我院诊治。查体:T37.5℃,HR128次/min,R58次/min,BP6.5/4.0KPa,神志不清,脉搏细弱,心音低弱,呼吸浅快。心律齐、未闻及杂音,双肺可闻及少量干罗音。腹软,肝脾肋下未触及,全身出现散在荨麻疹。诊断为过敏性休克。迅速吸氧;肌注0.1%肾上腺素1mg,异丙嗪25mg,静推25%GS、地塞米松5mg、10%葡萄糖酸钙10ml,静点5%GS—500ml和呼吸兴奋剂等。 相似文献
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目的 采用聚氧乙烯辛烷基酚(Triton X-100)去除异体周围神经中的雪旺细胞和髓鞘,制取天然神经细胞外基质的超微结构.方法 健康新西兰大耳白兔30只,分别自梨状肌下缘水平以远切取10 mm双侧坐骨神经60根,随机分为六组,其中12h组、24 h组、48 h组、96 h组、1 w组用于化学萃取,新鲜神经为对照组.神经萃取前先在手术显微镜下剪去表面的脂肪组织和部分神经外膜,然后置4℃蒸馏水中静置6h,以使细胞和髓鞘在低渗液体中膨胀、细胞被胀破,使之易于Triton X-100的渗透;再将神经放人3%的Triton X-100水溶液中分别静置12h,然后置于蒸馏水中震荡、漂洗6h,以使溶于水的Triton X-100膜蛋白复合体充分脱离神经干.如此反复,并且每次更换蒸馏水、Triton X-100水溶液.五组神经TritonX-100萃取时间分别为12h、24 h、48 h、96 h、1 w.在新鲜神经和萃取后的神经中段分别切取一段神经,2.5%戊二醛固定后,制成扫描电镜标本,用日立S-3500N型扫描电镜观察神经的立体结构并采集图像.结果 扫描电镜下观察,随着萃取时间的延长,神经内的轴突、髓鞘逐渐减少,少于96 h时仍可见有轴突、髓鞘的残留.萃取时间至96 h时神经内的轴突、髓鞘已被完全去除,可见由胶原纤维构成的立体管状结构,胶原纤维仍维持原有的位置、形态及结构特征,管内并可见膜样结构,为雪旺细胞基底膜.萃取时间为1 w的标本扫描电镜下观察,由胶原纤维构成的立体管状结构与96 h的标本相似,但结构较之稍散乱,形成的管腔不规则.结论 用Triton X-100化学萃取方法是制备组织工程化神经移植体的有效方法.萃取人类长段粗大神经时,为使雪旺细胞、轴突、髓鞘去除完全,可适当延长萃取时间. 相似文献
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任宝 《中国煤炭工业医学杂志》2013,(9):1527-1528
目的探讨中西医结合镇痛护理干预对于全膝关节置换术患者围术期的临床效果,评价其价值。方法选择2010年4月—2011年4月在我院进行全膝关节置换术的86例患者随机分为二组,对照组患者术后进行常规护理,观察组患者术后进行中西医结合镇痛护理,比较二组患者的护理效果。结果观察组患者术后疼痛评分低于对照组患者,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者疼痛照顾满意度评分及止痛效果满意度评分均高于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中西医结合镇痛护理在全膝关节置换术患者围术期具有很好的疗效,不仅可以减轻患者的疼痛程度,同时可以提高患者的满意度,可以在临床推广使用。 相似文献
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目的 探讨骨科住院患者医院内感染特征和预防控制措施.方法 回顾性分析892例骨科住院患者的感染发生率及特点.结果 骨科住院患者发生医院感染者115例,感染率为12.89%.感染的部位以手术切口感染、泌尿系感染和呼吸道感染常见.感染的革兰阴性菌(59.09%)以铜绿假单胞杆菌,大肠埃希菌等为主,革兰阳性菌(40.91%)以金黄色葡萄球菌为主.侵入性操作、住院时间、年龄和是否有基础疾病是骨科患者感染的主要风险因素(P<0.05).结论 骨科患者发生医院感染较常见,采取有效的防治措施,合理使用抗生素,严格遵循无菌技术,规范侵入性操作,提高机体抵抗力,是控制骨科住院患者医院感染的预防措施. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Bone defects are the leading cause of nonunion after firearm injury. Firearm injury is relatively special. Autograft and allograft all have big drawbacks, which cannot meet the requirements of basic-level hospitals. Using tissue-engineered bone with good blood vessels and osteogenic capability in repair of firearm bone defect will be an ideal and feasible restoration method.OBJECTIVE:To explore the application of human vascular endothelial growth factor 121 gene-modified materials in the repair of firearm-induced radial injury in rabbits.METHODS:A total of 128 rabbits were randomly divided into surgical injury group and firearm injury group (n=64 per group). In the firearm injury group, 0.25 g steel ball was launched using 56-style musket to establish a firearm radial injury model; in the surgical injury group, surgical methods were used to produce a 1.2 cm radial injury model. Human vascular endothelial growth factor 121 gene-modified materials were used. The related histocytes from rabbits were harvested to obtain bone marrow stromal cells for culture. A porous scaffold material was prepared. The obtained materials were respectively implanted into radial defect sites in the surgical injury and firearm injury groups. The application of human vascular endothelial growth factor 121 gene-modified materials in rabbit radial defect repair was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the surgical injury group, at 8, 12 and 16 weeks after repair, the gray level ratio of bone defect site and the anti-compression mechanical ratio at the healthy and repairing sides of the radius in the firearm injury group were decreased (P < 0.05), and the new bone area increased (P < 0.05). At 2 and 4 weeks after repair, the local blood flow at the repair area was significantly increased (P < 0.05). These results suggest that compared with the surgical injury group, the curative effect of human vascular endothelial growth factor 121 gene is more ideal in the firearm injury group because of the emergence of local ischemia and hypoxia in the process of radial defect repair. Human vascular endothelial growth factor 121-modified material can repair bone marrow stromal cells. The application of human vascular endothelial growth factor 121 in firearm burns can enhance the synthesis and secretion of angiogenic factors, improve the local blood flow, reduce anti-compression mechanical ratio, and increase the new bone area.
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程 相似文献
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