几内亚首都科纳克里某校高中生艾滋病相关知识、态度的调查

目的了解几内亚首都科纳克里某校高中生艾滋病相关知识、态度的现状。方法2011年11月,采用横断面调查方法,用自制问卷调查几内亚首都科纳克里某中学294名高中生的艾滋病相关知识和态度。测量相关知识和态度的得分情况,并比较不同人口学特征学生得分的差异。结果回收有效问卷284份（96.6%）。调查对象年龄范围为15～18岁,其中男生148人,女生136人。艾滋病相关知识总分范围为4～25分（满分26分）,各条目答对率范围为35.9%～84.9%,只有78.2%的学生知识得分超过13分;被调查学生艾滋病相关态度总分范围为0～8分（满分10分）,各条目态度积极率范围为9.5%～90.5%,仅有27.1%的学生态度较积极;不同性别、年龄和城乡的学生之间知识及态度总分差异无统计学意义。结论几内亚高中生艾滋病知识面狭窄现象较明显,存在较消极态度,需大力加强艾滋病的健康教育工作。     

Clinical presentation of McCune-Albright syndrome in males

The aims of this study were: (a) to survey gender prevalence and clinical findings at diagnosis in a series of patients who manifested at the time of this study the classical triad of McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS); (b) to investigate whether clinical presentation of MAS in boys may be different from that in girls; (c) to confirm whether boys with MAS may show a peculiar picture of testicular microlithiasis (TM) by testicular ultrasonography (US). Twenty-six patients (10 boys) with the classical clinical manifestations of MAS were recruited for the present study from the database of the Italian Multicenter Study Group on MAS. Age at diagnosis of MAS was significantly lower in girls than in boys (p < 0.025). Whilst there was no difference in the prevalence of skin and bone fibrous dysplasia for the two groups, a significantly higher prevalence of peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) was found in girls (chi2 = 6.5, p < 0.025). Moreover, PPP onset was earlier in females than in males (2.8 +/- 2.3 vs. 6.9 +/- 2.7 years, p < 0.005). In one boy, aged 2.9 years, the first clinical manifestation of MAS was monolateral testicular enlargement in the context of a picture of classical PPP. US scanning of the testes, at the time of the present study, showed bilateral hyperechogeneic multiple spots, compatible with diagnosis of TM, in 6/10 boys. CONCLUSIONS: (a) MAS is slightly more frequent in females. (b) PPP in MAS is significantly more frequent and earlier in girls. (c) PPP in boys with MAS is generally associated with bilateral testicular enlargement, but monolateral macroorchidism may also be seen. (d) TM may be another marker for MAS in males.     

Bisphosphonate treatment of bone fibrous dysplasia in McCune-Albright syndrome

One of the main features of McCune-Albright syndrome is bone fibrous dysplasia (BFD) often associated with severe clinical outcomes, such as bone pain, bone deformities and pathological fractures. Medical treatment with bisphosphonates started 15 years ago. Recent trials in pediatric patients with BFD have shown encouraging results. We evaluated long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate treatment of BFD in children and adolescents with MAS. The drug was administered at 4 month-1 year intervals according to alkaline phosphatase levels. The study included 14 patients (10 females and 4 males between the ages of 5.3 and 18.7 years) with moderate or severe BFD. Follow up lasted 1.9-9 years. Bone pain, fractures, deformities, and bone turnover markers were evaluated before every therapeutic course. The study shows the beneficial effects of long-term bisphosponate treatment on BFD lesions leading to reduced fracture rate and bone pain, and radiological evidence of long bone lesion healing.     

几内亚首都科纳克里某校高中生艾滋病相关知识、态度的调查

目的了解几内亚首都科纳克里某校高中生艾滋病相关知识、态度的现状。方法2011年11月,采用横断面调查方法,用自制问卷调查几内亚首都科纳克里某中学294名高中生的艾滋病相关知识和态度。测量相关知识和态度的得分情况,并比较不同人口学特征学生得分的差异。结果回收有效问卷284份(96.6%)。调查对象年龄范围为15～18岁,其中男生148人,女生136人。艾滋病相关知识总分范围为4～25分(满分26分),各条目答对率范围为35.9%～84.9%,只有78.2%的学生知识得分超过13分;被调查学生艾滋病相关态度总分范围为0～8分(满分10分),各条目态度积极率范围为9.5%～90.5%,仅有27.1%的学生态度较积极;不同性别、年龄和城乡的学生之间知识及态度总分差异无统计学意义。结论几内亚高中生艾滋病知识面狭窄现象较明显,存在较消极态度,需大力加强艾滋病的健康教育工作。