1996—2015 年河北省尘肺病发病特点分析

采用接尘工龄?发病年龄?死亡年龄?死亡病程四项指标对全省1996—2015 年新发和死亡的9 978 例尘肺病例进行分析?结果显示, 全尘肺?矽肺?煤工尘肺平均接尘工龄均呈缩短趋势, 尤以矽肺更为明显; 中小型企业的尘肺病接尘工龄明显短于大型企业, 小型企业的尘肺病人平均接尘工龄≤11. 36 年, 且人数明显增加; 自80 年代起, 接尘工龄≤10 年的尘肺病人人数逐年上升, 2004?2005 年达高峰?全尘肺?矽肺?煤工尘肺平均发病年龄呈先延长后缩短趋势, 死亡年龄和死亡病程均呈延长趋势, 1996—2010 年的15 年 间, 死亡年龄和死亡病程分别延长了5.44 岁?5.97 岁?5.40 岁和6.20 年?5.74 年?7.02 年?近20 年来河北省大型企业 尘肺病防治趋于规范?稳定, 医疗救治保障?生活水平的提 高使得尘肺病的死亡年龄?死亡病程大幅度延长?小型企业 尘肺病人迅速增多, 接尘工龄明显缩短, 尘肺病高发态势与防 治能力相对滞后的矛盾突显?政府和有关部门应加大粉尘污染 治理的力度, 分类管理, 重点控制, 重点监管中小型企业?     

人巨细胞病毒UL123基因全长及其外显子4的克隆与表达

【目的】克隆人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）UL123基因cDNA全长（iel）及其外显子4（iel-exon4），构建原核表达重组质粒，诱导立即早期蛋白1（IE1）及其C-端86-491氨基酸（IE1-C86-491）表达，并鉴定表达产物。【方法】分别用RT-PCR和PCR法将iel和iel-exon 4从感染了HCMV的人胚肺成纤维细胞（HEL）中扩增出来，再分别克隆入原核表达载体pTWIN1上intein2的N端，转化大肠杆菌，经PCR、限制性酶切和测序鉴定阳性重组子，在低温和低IPTG浓度下诱导重组子表达可溶性重组融合蛋白rIE1／intein2和rIE1-C86-491／intein2，用SDS-PAGE和Western Blotting对表达产物进行鉴定。【结果】经PCR、限制性酶切和测序鉴定重组质粒pTWIN1／iel和pTWIN1／iel-exon4构建成功，sDS-PAGE和Western Blotting分析表明融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达。【结论】成功克隆并表达了iel和iel-exon4。     

Effect of structural domain Ⅱ of HCV 5' noncoding region on its translation initiation activity

Objective To examine the role of domain Ⅱ of hepatitis C virus(HCV) 5'noncoding region (5'NCR) in its translation initiation activity. Methods The fragment of HCV 5' NCR with deletions of 5'-proximal 118 nucleotides were amplified with PCR, then was used to substitute for the full length HCV 5'NCR of plasmid pCMVNCRIuc, a firefly luciferase(Flue) eukaryotic expression plasmid regulated by HCV 5' NCR, to generate recombinant plasmid pCN1-d3, pCMVNCRIuc, pCN1-d2 (modified pCMVNCRluc with deletions of HCV 5' NCR nt1-43) and pCN1-d3 were transfected into HepG2 cells with liposome transfection protocol, respectively, and the relative luciferase activity was measured to analyze the regulatory effect of the truncated 5'NCR on Fluc gene expression. Meanwhile the Fluc mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. Results The recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed. The Fluc mRNA levels of the 3 plasmids were not significantly different(P 0.05), and there were also no significant difference between the relative luciferase activity of plasmids pCN1-d2 and pCMVNCRluc(P 0.05). However, that of pCN1-d3 was decreased significantly(P < 0.01, compared with pCN1-d2 or pCMVNCRluc). Conclusion Structural domain Ⅱ of HCV 5' NCR plays an important role in itstranslation initiation activity.     

血浆N末端脑钠肽原与高血压的关系

目的:探讨高血压患者血浆N末端脑钠肽原(NT-proBNP)浓度与高血压程度是否相关,以及NT-proBNP能否作为判断高血压严重程度的客观生化指标。方法:入选2006年9月至2007年6月,在我院门诊就诊和住院的高血压患者共115例,年龄32～90岁,平均(65.1±10.7)岁,对高血压患者进行分级,通过心电图、心脏超声及临床表现进行左心室心功能评估;采集患者的静脉血用电化学发光免疫学方法检测血浆NT-proBNP浓度,所得数据采用SPSS11.5软件包进行统计学分析。结果:1、2级高血压与正常对照组间的NT-proBNP浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3级高血压比正常对照组的NT-proBNP浓度高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高血压伴收缩性心力衰竭(心衰)患者血浆NT-proBNP浓度高于单纯高血压患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:高血压患者血浆NT-proBNP浓度与高血压程度有一定关系,与高血压伴收缩性心衰相关性强。NT-proBNP可能会成为评估高血压疾病严重程度的生化指标之一。     

四种职业健康风险评估模型在某涂料生产企业化学危害因素评价中的应用分析

选择某涂料生产企业油性涂料生产车间进行现场调查和危害因素检测,应用美国(EPA模型)、新加坡(MOM模型)、国际采矿与金属委员会(ICMM模型)定量法和职业危害风险指数法四种模型进行职业健康风险评估。结果显示,EPA模型评估二甲苯的非致癌效应结果为极高风险(包装工为高风险),调色工接触甲苯的非致癌效应为低风险。MOM模型评估铅及其化合物、甲苯和二甲苯的危害结果为低风险。经统计学分析,EPA模型与MOM模型评估结果不一致。ICMM模型定量法和职业危害风险指数法评估结果均为可忽略风险,与EPA模型和MOM模型评估结果不一致。MOM模型评估结果优于其他模型。     

Effect of structural domain Ⅱ of HCV 5' noncoding region on its translation initiation activity

Objective To examine the role of domain Ⅱ of hepatitis C virus(HCV) 5'noncoding region (5'NCR) in its translation initiation activity. Methods The fragment of HCV 5' NCR with deletions of 5'-proximal 118 nucleotides were amplified with PCR, then was used to substitute for the full length HCV 5'NCR of plasmid pCMVNCRIuc, a firefly luciferase(Flue) eukaryotic expression plasmid regulated by HCV 5' NCR, to generate recombinant plasmid pCN1-d3, pCMVNCRIuc, pCN1-d2 (modified pCMVNCRluc with deletions of HCV 5' NCR nt1-43) and pCN1-d3 were transfected into HepG2 cells with liposome transfection protocol, respectively, and the relative luciferase activity was measured to analyze the regulatory effect of the truncated 5'NCR on Fluc gene expression. Meanwhile the Fluc mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. Results The recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed. The Fluc mRNA levels of the 3 plasmids were not significantly different(P 0.05), and there were also no significant difference between the relative luciferase activity of plasmids pCN1-d2 and pCMVNCRluc(P 0.05). However, that of pCN1-d3 was decreased significantly(P < 0.01, compared with pCN1-d2 or pCMVNCRluc). Conclusion Structural domain Ⅱ of HCV 5' NCR plays an important role in itstranslation initiation activity.     

Effect of structural domain Ⅱ of HCV 5' noncoding region on its translation initiation activity

Objective To examine the role of domain Ⅱ of hepatitis C virus(HCV) 5'noncoding region (5'NCR) in its translation initiation activity. Methods The fragment of HCV 5' NCR with deletions of 5'-proximal 118 nucleotides were amplified with PCR, then was used to substitute for the full length HCV 5'NCR of plasmid pCMVNCRIuc, a firefly luciferase(Flue) eukaryotic expression plasmid regulated by HCV 5' NCR, to generate recombinant plasmid pCN1-d3, pCMVNCRIuc, pCN1-d2 (modified pCMVNCRluc with deletions of HCV 5' NCR nt1-43) and pCN1-d3 were transfected into HepG2 cells with liposome transfection protocol, respectively, and the relative luciferase activity was measured to analyze the regulatory effect of the truncated 5'NCR on Fluc gene expression. Meanwhile the Fluc mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. Results The recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed. The Fluc mRNA levels of the 3 plasmids were not significantly different(P 0.05), and there were also no significant difference between the relative luciferase activity of plasmids pCN1-d2 and pCMVNCRluc(P 0.05). However, that of pCN1-d3 was decreased significantly(P < 0.01, compared with pCN1-d2 or pCMVNCRluc). Conclusion Structural domain Ⅱ of HCV 5' NCR plays an important role in itstranslation initiation activity.     

区域尘肺发病估算指标体系的构建

目的构建区域尘肺病发病估算指标体系。方法查阅文献并经专家反复讨论,建立初步的区域尘肺发病估算指标体系;采用德尔菲法咨询,用界值法对指标体系进行筛选。结果遴选32名职业卫生领域资深专家经两轮咨询,积极系数分别为93.75%、96.67%,权威系数分别为0.83、0.83,总体协调系数分别为0.241(P0.001)、0.458(P0.001)。最后从36个指标中筛选出18个指标(包括一级指标6个,二级指标14个,三级指标18个)构成区域尘肺发病估算指标体系。结论积极系数、权威系数及协调系数显示,选取的专家权威性高,指标体系的评分结果可靠,研究误差控制较好,构建的区域尘肺发病估算指标体系可靠,值得在实践中进一步检验、验证、完善。     

丙型肝炎病毒5'端非编码区的结构与功能研究进展

丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)为单股正链有包膜RNA病毒,为黄病毒科丙型肝炎病毒属成员,基因组长约9.6kb,5'端和3'端分别有一个非编码N(NCR),中间的编码区含有一个单一的长开放读码框架(ORF),转译出一条约3011个氨基酸残基的聚蛋白前体.该聚蛋白前体被宿主细胞信号肽酶和病毒蛋白酶水解加工成为至少十种成熟的功能蛋白,其排列顺序为:NH2-核心蛋白C-包膜蛋白E1-E2/NS1-非结构蛋白P7-NS2-NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5A-NS5B-COOH[1].HCV ORF的翻译是由其5'NCR指导的,该序列可作为一个内部核糖体起始位点(internal ribosome entry site,IRES),被小核糖体亚基(40S)和真核起始因子3(eukaryotic initiation factor 3,eIF3)特异识别,允许ORF起始密码子近端与核糖体直接结合,使得病毒聚蛋白的翻译以非帽子(7-甲基鸟苷酸)依赖机制进行.由于宿主细胞mRNAs主要以帽子依赖机制起始翻译,因此IRES的功能特点使得5'NCR成为抗病毒作用研究和研制药物评价系统的理想靶位点,而5'NCR的结构及其IRES元件起始聚蛋白合成的机制也成为近年来的研究热点.本文将就这些方面的研究进展作一综述.     

血浆N末端脑钠肽原与高血压的关系

目的探讨高血压患者血浆N末端脑钠肽原（NT—pro BNP）浓度与高血压程度是否相关，以及NT—proBNP能否作为高血压严重程度的客观生化指标。方法入选2006年9月2007年6月，在我院门诊及住院的高血压患者共115例。采集静脉血样的同时对高血压患者进行分级，通过心电图、心脏超声及临床表现进行左室心功能评估。用电化学发光免疫学法检测血浆NT—pro BNP浓度。结果1级、2级高血压组与正常对照组间的NT—pro BNP浓度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；3级高血压组比正常对照组的NT—pro BNP浓度高（P〈0．05）；高血压伴收缩性心力衰竭患者血浆NT—pro BNP浓度高于单纯高血压患者（P〈0．01）。结论高血压患者血浆NT—pro BNP浓度与高血压程度有一定关系，与高血压伴收缩性心力衰竭相关性强。NT—pro BNP可能会成为评估高血压疾病严重程度的生化指标之一。