Anatomic vs. reverse shoulder arthroplasty for glenohumeral osteoarthritis with intact rotator cuff: a retrospective comparison of patient-reported outcomes using the systems outcomes database with up to 5-year follow-up

BackgroundThe growing enthusiasm for the use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in the treatment of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA) with an intact rotator cuff is based on data derived from single-center studies with limited generalizability and follow-up. This study compared patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between RSA and total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) for the treatment of primary GHOA with up to 5-year follow-up and examined temporal trends in the treatment of GHOA between 2012 and 2021.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on patients with primary GHOA undergoing primary arthroplasty surgery from the Surgical Outcomes System global registry between 2012 and 2021. PROs including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain were compared between RSA and TSA at 1, 2, and 5 years postoperatively.ResultsA total of 4451 patients were included, with 2693 (60.5%) undergoing TSA and 1758 (39.5%) undergoing RSA. Both RSA and TSA provided clinically excellent outcomes at 1 year postoperatively (ASES: 80.8 ± 17.9 vs. 85.9 ± 15.2, respectively; SANE: 74.8 ± 24.7 vs. 79.5 ± 22.9; VAS pain: 1.3 ± 2.0 vs. 1.1 ± 1.7; all P < .05) that were maintained at 2 years (ASES: 81.3 ± 19.3 vs. 87.3 ± 14.9; SANE: 74.8 ± 26.2 vs. 79.7 ± 24.7; VAS pain: 1.3 ± 2.1 vs. 1.0 ± 1.6; all P < .05) and 5 years (ASES: 81.7 ± 16.5 vs. 86.9 ± 15.3; SANE: 71.6 ± 28.5 vs. 78.2 ± 25.9; VAS pain: 1.0 ± 1.7 vs. 1.0 ± 1.7; all P < .05), with statistical significance favoring TSA. After controlling for age and sex, there was an adjusted difference of 4.5 units in the ASES score favoring TSA (P = .005) at 5 years postoperatively but no differences in adjusted SANE (P = .745) and VAS pain (P = .332) scores. The use of RSA for GHOA grew considerably over time, from representing only 17% of all replacements performed for GHOA in 2012 to nearly half (47%) in 2021 (P < .001).ConclusionRSA as a treatment for GHOA with an intact rotator cuff seems to yield PROs that are largely clinically equivalent to TSA extending to 5 years postoperatively. The observed statistical significance favoring TSA appears to be of marginal clinical benefit based on established minimal clinically important differences and may be a result of the large sample size. Further research using more granular clinical data and examining differences in range of motion and complications is warranted as it may change the value analysis.     

肌内效贴技术结合针刀治疗卒中后肩痛的临床研究及安全性分析

目的:评定运用肌内效贴技术结合针刀治疗卒中后肩痛的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选取2018年1月~2019年9月东莞市滨海湾中心医院中医康复科和神经内科的脑卒中后肩痛患者120例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例。对照组运用常规康复治疗训练,治疗组在此基础上配合运用肌内效贴技术及针刀治疗。分别记录两组患者在治疗前、治疗2周后及治疗4周后的肩痛VAS评分、上肢简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分及Constant-murley评分,并分析其疗效。结果:治疗2周、4周后,两组患者的VAS评分、FAM评分、CMS评分均较治疗前显著改善(P<0.05),且治疗组组治疗后的各评分显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:运用肌内效贴结合针刀治疗卒中后肩痛临床疗效满意,安全性高。     

基于关节液代谢组学变化研究刺络药物罐疗法治疗膝骨性关节炎的机制

目的：基于关节液代谢组学变化分析刺络药物罐疗法治疗膝骨性关节炎（KOA）的作用机制。方法：选取2018年4月至2019年5月深圳市宝安区中医院收治的KOA患者98例作为研究对象，按照治疗方法不同分为西药观察组(n=52)和刺络药物罐疗法组(n=46)；比较所有患者治疗前后VAS评分和WOMAC评分；统计不同手段治疗前后血尿酸、C反应蛋白和红细胞沉降率；分离来自膝骨关节的关节液进行NMR分析。结果：治疗前，刺络药物罐疗法组和西药观察组VAS和WOMAC评分以及血尿酸、C反应蛋白和红细胞沉降率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后，刺络药物罐疗法组和西药观察组VVAS和WOMAC评分以及血尿酸、C反应蛋白含量和红细胞沉降率均降低，其中刺络药物罐疗法降低幅度更大，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，刺络药物罐疗法组和西药观察组异丁酸和葡萄糖增加，羟脯氨酸，天冬酰胺，丝氨酸和尿苷均降低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：刺络药物罐疗法可以有效地改善KOA患者的治疗效果和身体功能。     

伤科接骨片联合双氯芬酸钠治疗闭合性足踝部骨折早期肿胀的疗效观察

目的探讨伤科接骨片联合双氯芬酸钠注射液治疗闭合性足踝部骨折早期肿胀的临床疗效。方法选取2016年12月—2017年12月天全县中医医院收治的100例闭合性足踝部骨折患者,按随机数字法分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例。对照组患者肌肉注射双氯芬酸钠注射液,50 mg/次,2～3次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上以温开水或温黄酒送服伤科接骨片,4片/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗4d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的临床症状改善情况和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.00%、90.00%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组踝关节背伸、踝关节屈曲均明显大于对照组,消肿止痛时间、住院时间均明显短于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者VAS评分均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗后治疗组患者VAS评分均明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论伤科接骨片联合双氯芬酸钠注射液治疗闭合性足踝部骨折早期肿胀具有较好的临床疗效,可改善临床症状,缓解疼痛,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

经脐单孔与三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术疗效比较

目的分析对比经脐单孔与三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效。方法将90例拟行腹腔镜切除术患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组行三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术,观察组行经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术,行视觉模拟评分(VAS)和美容满意度评分,记录手术时间、术中出血量、进食时间、住院治疗时间等。结果观察组VAS评分显著低于对照组,美容满意度评分显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组手术时间高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在掌握手术适应证前提下,与三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术相比,经脐单孔手术美容效果好,术后疼痛程度低。     

2种量表在评定青少年主观(牙合)美观程度中的应用

目的:采用视觉模拟量表(visualizedanaloguescale,VAS)和正畸治疗需要指数的美学量表(aestheticcompo鄄nent,AC)分别量化评定青少年的自身牙合美观程度,比较两者的评定效能及信度。应用SPSS11.0统计软件包进行相关分析。方法:随机抽取上海地区11～13岁青少年共302例(男148例,女154例),分别采用2种量表进行牙合美观程度的主观评价,同时由正畸医生进行牙合美观程度的客观评定。结果:Spearman相关检验显示,自评AC及VAS均与性别无关(P>0.05);VAS分值与主观牙合美观满意度显著相关(r=0.80,P=0.000),且与正畸医生的专业评定一致性较高;自评AC等级与主观牙合美观满意度无显著相关性(P=0.441)。结论:应用VAS量表评定青少年主观牙合美观程度的可信度较高且简单易用,适合定量分析,为今后量化评定主观正畸治疗需求提供了一种新方法。     

Improving esthetically objectionable human enamel fluorosis with a simple microabrasion technique

Mild-to-moderately severe enamel fluorosis (EF) is an unsightly maturation-phase dental disorder. Despite extensive epidemiological studies on EF, little is known about individual treatment options. This study was carried out to determine whether a simple microabrasion technique is effective in improving the esthetics of EF . Patients with a variety of severities were treated using a water-cooled fine diamond polishing bur at high speed to remove the surface enamel layers. Photographs of the affected teeth before and after treatment were shown by computer to a panel of three judges (two lay and one experienced), who rated the appearance of the teeth using a newly developed visual analog scale. The severity of EF was rated randomly and blind for 52 individual teeth (26 before and 26 after treatment). Reteated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the results. The lay judges rated the appearance of the teeth with EF as significantly more objectionable before treatment. All judges found a significant improvement in the severity of EF after treatment. Using a newly developed visual analog scale, our study indicates that EF of an objectionable nature can be significantly improved with a simple microabrasion technique, thus conserving tooth structure and minimizing the cost of treating EF.     

Do buffered local anesthetics provide more successful anesthesia than nonbuffered solutions in patients with pulpally involved teeth requiring dental therapy?: A systematic review

Background

The authors conducted a systematic review that addresses the following population, intervention, comparison, outcome question: “In adults requiring dental therapy with pulpally involved teeth, what is the comparative efficacy of buffered local anesthetics (LAs) compared with that of nonbuffered LAs in achieving anesthetic success?”

Reduced or painful jaw movement after collision-related injuries: a population-based study

BACKGROUND: The authors report the incidence of and factors associated with reduced and/or painful jaw movement after motor vehicle collisions that resulted in whiplash-associated disorders (WADs). METHODS: All adults filing collision-related personal injury claims during an 18-month period in Saskatchewan, Canada, were evaluated via questionnaire to determine demographic characteristics, precollision health (including jaw pain), collision parameters and collision-related symptoms, including reduced and/or painful jaw movement and injury-related neck pain. The authors excluded patients who were hospitalized for more than two days and those who sustained injuries as a pedestrian, bicyclist or motorcyclist. In determining incidence rates, the authors also excluded those who had had jaw pain before the collision. RESULTS: The incidence of reduced and/or painful jaw movement was 14.9 percent (n = 1,158), and it was higher in subjects with WADs (15.8 percent) than in those without WADs (4.7 percent; relative risk = 3.36, 95 percent confidence interval, 2.36 to 4.78). Within the WAD injuries, multivariable logistic regression revealed that the onset of reduced and/or painful jaw movement was associated with female sex; age < 50 years; having hit one's head in the collision; and postinjury symptoms of difficulty swallowing, ringing in the ears, dizziness or unsteadiness, and more intense neck pain. Collision parameters, such as head position at the time of the crash and headrest use and type, were not associated with onset of jaw symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced or painful jaw movement was more common in people with WADs than in those with other collision-related injuries. Among those with WADs, reduced or painful jaw movement was more common in women and younger people. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Reduced or painful jaw movement is an important aspect of WADs, and more studies are needed to determine how to best assess and treat this problem.     

Flare-ups in endodontics and their relationship to various medicaments

The purpose of this research is to investigate the frequency of endodontic flare-ups using a visual analogue scale. Definitions of flare-ups vary widely as does their reported frequency. A flare-up was defined as an increase of 20 or more points on the visual analogue scale for a given tooth, within the periods of 4 h and 24 h after the initial treatment appointment. The data from a previous study were used to determine the incidence of flare-ups after using three modalities (Ledermix, calcium hydroxide and no medication) to manage patients presenting for relief of pain of endodontic origin. A statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in flare-up rates at both the 4-h and 24-h periods between the three modalities. Further research is required using the above definition of a flare-up and standardising treatment protocols.