生姜对超氧阴离子及羟自由基的清除作用

生姜对次黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶体系产生的超氧阴离子及紫外线照射H₂O₂体系产生的羟自由基均有显著清除作用。提示生姜对活性氧的清除可能是其重要的药理机制之一。     

Oral Administration of Ginger-Derived Lipid Nanoparticles and Dmt1 siRNA Potentiates the Effect of Dietary Iron Restriction and Mitigates Pre-Existing Iron Overload in Hamp KO Mice

Intestinal iron transport requires an iron importer (Dmt1) and an iron exporter (Fpn1). The hormone hepcidin regulates iron absorption by modulating Fpn1 protein levels on the basolateral surface of duodenal enterocytes. In the genetic, iron-loading disorder hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), hepcidin production is low and Fpn1 protein expression is elevated. High Fpn1-mediated iron export depletes intracellular iron, causing a paradoxical increase in Dmt1-mediated iron import. Increased activity of both transporters causes excessive iron absorption, thus initiating body iron loading. Logically then, silencing of intestinal Dmt1 or Fpn1 could be an effective therapeutic intervention in HH. It was previously established that Dmt1 knock down prevented iron-loading in weanling Hamp (encoding hepcidin) KO mice (modeling type 2B HH). Here, we tested the hypothesis that Dmt1 silencing combined with dietary iron restriction (which may be recommended for HH patients) will mitigate iron loading once already established. Accordingly, adult Hamp KO mice were switched to a low-iron (LFe) diet and (non-toxic) folic acid-coupled, ginger nanoparticle-derived lipid vectors (FA-GDLVs) were used to deliver negative-control (NC) or Dmt1 siRNA by oral, intragastric gavage daily for 21 days. The LFe diet reduced body iron burden, and experimental interventions potentiated iron losses. For example, Dmt1 siRNA treatment suppressed duodenal Dmt1 mRNA expression (by ~50%) and reduced serum and liver non-heme iron levels (by ~60% and >85%, respectively). Interestingly, some iron-related parameters were repressed similarly by FA-GDLVs carrying either siRNA, including ⁵⁹Fe (as FeCl₃) absorption (~20% lower), pancreatic non-heme iron (reduced by ~65%), and serum ferritin (decreased 40–50%). Ginger may thus contain bioactive lipids that also influence iron homeostasis. In conclusion, the combinatorial approach of FA-GDLV and Dmt1 siRNA treatment, with dietary iron restriction, mitigated pre-existing iron overload in a murine model of HH.     

针灸治疗原发性痛经68例临床观察

采用针刺配隔姜灸治疗原发性痛经 6 8例 ,总有效率 97.0 6 % ,与药物对照组相比 ,P<0 .0 1 ,说明针灸治疗组疗效明显优于药物对照组     

生姜合剂对运动病大鼠血浆皮质醇水平的影响

本文研究生姜合剂抗运动病时血浆皮质醇水平的变化,以探讨运动病与内分泌功能的关系,为运动病防治提供新的实验依据。方法:以旋转运动诱发大鼠条件性厌食症模拟运动病,用放射免疫法测定此时的血浆皮质醇水平,并观察生姜合剂(灌胃,1.8ml/200g)的抗运动病作用,及对血浆皮质醇水平的影响。结果:模拟运动病时大鼠血浆皮质醇水平有升高趋势,生姜合剂能进一步提高大鼠的血浆皮质醇水平。结论:运动病不是一种单纯的应激反应,运动病的发生可能与异常运动刺激引起机体内分泌功能紊乱有关。     

Anti-Cancer Effects of Traditional Medicinal Herbs on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Backgrounds: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the most frequent oral cancers in individuals under 40. Documents have endorsed that a diet enriched with fruit and vegetables can banish the risk of developing major cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of four medicinal herbs including saffron, ginger, cinnamon and curcumin on OSCC cell line. Methods: Having obtained the aqueous extract of the four herbs, they were administered on OSCC cell lines per se and in dual, triple, and quadruple combinations. Their effects were measured in different concentrations and in 24 and 48 hours by using MTT assay. Results: The minimum and maximum effective concentrations were respectively 108 and 217 mg/ml for curcumin with IC30 of 77mg/ml, 108 and 270 mg/ml for ginger with IC30 of 58 mg/ml, 2 and 10 mg/ml for saffron with IC30 of 1.9 mg/ml, and 5 and 40 mg/ml for cinnamon with IC30 of 3.3 mg/ml. The best effect of the combinations was seen for cinnamon-saffron after both 24 and 48 hours and the four herbs combination after 48 hours. Conclusion: Although all the four herbs were effective on OSCC cell line, the strongest extract was saffron, followed by cinnamon. Combination of cinnamon-saffron and combination of the four herbs showed maximum effects. These findings suggest that traditional medicinal herbs may potentially contribute to oral cancer treatment; providing new windows for the development of new therapeutic strategies for OSCC.     

甘草干姜汤治疗变应性鼻炎大鼠的实验研究

目的:观察甘草干姜汤对变应性鼻炎大鼠外周血中γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)的表达及鼻黏膜组织的影响。方法:120只大鼠随机分为正常组、甘草干姜汤组、模型组及西药组4组,后3组用卵清蛋白(AVO)制作变应性鼻炎动物模型,分别给予甘草干姜汤2~2.5 m L/只、西替利嗪溶液2~2.5 m L/只、生理盐水2~2.5 m L/只灌胃(模型组及对照组),每天1次;每组大鼠分别在灌胃10、20及30 d时处死10只,检测大鼠血清中IFN-γ和IL-4水平,同时观察各组大鼠各时点的行为学和鼻黏膜组织学变化。结果:灌胃10 d,甘草干姜汤组和西药组与模型组大鼠行为学表现无明显差异(P>0.05),但与正常组存在明显差异(P<0.01);灌胃20 d,甘草干姜汤组和西药组大鼠与模型组和正常组均有明显的差异(P<0.01);灌胃30 d,甘草干姜汤组和西药组行为学变化接近正常组(P>0.05);甘草干姜汤组和西药组灌胃10和20 d时,血清中IFN-γ、IL-4水平与正常组、模型组均有明显差异(P<0.01);灌胃30 d,甘草干姜汤组、西药组IFN-γ和IL-4与模型组比较,分别有明显升高和下降(P<0.01),但与正常组无明显差异(P>0.05);HE染色示甘草干姜汤组与西药组灌胃30 d,鼻黏膜结构逐渐修复,嗜酸细胞显著减少,而正常组与模型组未见明显改变。结论:甘草干姜汤能改善变应性鼻炎大鼠的症状,对鼻黏膜有一定修复作用,其机制可能与调节IFN-γ-及IL-4水平有关。     

姜炭在虚寒性出血证大鼠体内的整合药代动力学与温经止血药效学的相关性研究

目的:探讨姜炭在虚寒性出血证大鼠体内的整合药代动力学与温经止血药效学之间的相关性。方法:18只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组和姜炭组,每组6只。模型组和姜炭组大鼠诱导虚寒性出血证模型。造模同时,姜炭组大鼠灌胃给予0.007 g/kg姜炭乙酸乙酯提取液,空白组和模型组大鼠灌胃给予等体积蒸馏水,连续5 d。末次给药后分别于0.083、0.25、0.5、0.75、1、2、3、4、6、8、10、12 h采集血样。高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定各组大鼠不同时间点血清中6-姜烯酮、6-姜烯酚、姜酮、二乙酰基-6-姜酚、6-姜酚、10-姜酚的含量。基于自定义权重系数法建立整合药代动力学模型,并计算整合药动学参数。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清血栓素B_2(TXB_2)和6-酮-前列腺素F_(1α)(6-keto-PGF_(lα))的含量,并计算药效强度。对整合血药浓度与药效强度进行相关性分析。结果:①建立整合药代动力学模型,计算药动学参数半衰期(t_(1/2))为(3.59±0.20)h,达峰时间(T_(max))为(3.00±0.00)h,最大浓度(C_(max))为(6.34±0.24)μg/ml,曲线下面积(AUC_(0-∞))为(44.44±1.41)μg·h/ml,平均滞留时间(MRT)为(5.85±0.18)h,表观清除率(CL/F)为(47.29±1.49)ml/(mg·h)。②与空白组相比,模型组大鼠各时间点血清TXB_2含量及TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(lα)比值均显著降低(P0.05)。与模型组相比,姜炭组大鼠各时间点血清TXB_2含量及TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(lα)比值均显著升高(P0.05),且药效强度较高。③多成分整合血药浓度与血清TXB_2和TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(lα)的药效强度变化趋势基本一致,给药4 h后整合血药浓度与药效强度呈正相关。结论:姜炭药效组分在虚寒性出血证大鼠体内的整合药代动力学与温经止血的药效学具有一定的相关性。     

生姜中1个新的薄荷烷型单萜

目的 对生姜Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens的丙酮溶解部位进行化学成分研究。方法 综合应用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过各种现代谱学技术对化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 从生姜水部位的丙酮溶解物中,分离得到8个化合物。分别鉴定为（1S,2R,4R）-1-甲基-1,2-二羟基-4-（2-羟基异丙基）-环己烷（1）、脱氢松香酸（2）、staphylionoside D（3）、12α-hydroxyabieta-7,13-abietadien-18-oic acid（4）、sachaloside VII（5）、1-（羟甲基）-5,5-二甲基双环[3.1.1]庚-2-烯-4-醇（6）、（E）-1,6,7-三羟基-3,7-二甲基-2-辛烯（7）、（2E,6E）-8-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-2,6-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid（8）。结论 化合物1为新化合物,命名为姜萜A,化合物2~5首次从生姜中分离得到。     

“姜红大枣汤”在人工流产术中的应用效果观察

目的 探讨“姜红大枣汤”在人工流产术中的应用效果和意义。方法 随机选择50例术前口服温热“姜红大枣汤”治疗的人工流产病人为治疗组，44例采用常规人工流产术病人为常规治疗组，观察术前和术中血压、心率变化；术中、术后疼痛程度；人工流产综合征发生率；平均手术时间及阴道流血量。结果 治疗组中的血压、心率变化波动幅度小，疼痛减轻程度高，人流综合征的发生率低，与常规治疗组相比差异有显著性意义（P ＜ 0.05），两组平均手术时间和术中出血量比较差异无显著意义（P ＞ 0.05）。结论 口服“姜红大枣汤”预防和辅助治疗人流综合征效果显著，简便易行，无不良反应，病人易接受。